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Scientific Contributions Oil and Gas
Published by LEMIGAS
ISSN : 20893361     EISSN : 25410520     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Energy
The Scientific Contributions for Oil and Gas is the official journal of the Testing Center for Oil and Gas LEMIGAS for the dissemination of information on research activities, technology engineering development and laboratory testing in the oil and gas field. Manuscripts in English are accepted from all in any institutions, college and industry oil and gas throughout the country and overseas.
Arjuna Subject : Energi (semua kategori) - Teknologi Bahan Bakar
Articles 5 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "Vol 44 No 3 (2021)" : 5 Documents clear
Heavy Oil Seapage Characteristic in Cipari Area, Banyumas Central Java Jonathan Setyoko Hadimuljono; Desi Yensusnimar
Scientific Contributions Oil and Gas Vol 44 No 3 (2021)
Publisher : Testing Center for Oil and Gas LEMIGAS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29017/SCOG.44.3.709

Abstract

Oil seepage in Cipari, Banyumas, Central Java, has long been known. Although, Its occurrence had been reported in several publications, it's properties and characteristic, have not been explained in detail. Therefore, through field geology observation and laboratory analysis, this paper attempts to describe the oil seep characteristic, possible source rock origin, and its relationship with geological features in the surrounding area. Picnometer analysis resulted that this oil seep can be classified as heavy oil with 12n API Gravity. Gas Chromatography (GC) & Gas Chromatography Mass Spectometry (GCMS) analysis revealed that Cipari oil seep is heavily biodegraded. Possible source rock of the oil seep was interpreted based on bicadinane and oleanane biomarkers, which indicated that source was deposited in fluvio-deltaic/transitional environment. Based on regional geology reference of Banyumas sub-Basin, it is inferred that the source rocks possibly shale or claystone of Paleogene sediment which was thermally mature, and deposited in transition to marine environment. Deep seated fault that extent from Majenang to Karangbolong areas is probably the main migration pathway of the oil seepage from the kitchen or deep reservoir to the surface. The Cipari anticline outcrop, which associated with faults and fractures, become the place where the oil seep occurs in the surface. Heavy biodegradation of the oil seep may possibly be accelerated by hydrothermal system during migration from the reservoir/kitchen area to the surface.
Geochemical Properties of Heavy Oil in Central Sumatra Basin Desi Yensusnimar
Scientific Contributions Oil and Gas Vol 44 No 3 (2021)
Publisher : Testing Center for Oil and Gas LEMIGAS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29017/SCOG.44.3.710

Abstract

Heavyoilcommonly occurs due to biodegradation, whichmade the lighter fractiondisappears and then leaves the heavier fraction. Heavy oil is characterized by asphaltic, solid, and viscous because it contains asphalthene. Chemically, heavy oils contain fewer hydrogen atoms than light oils. Bulk properties ofheavy oil in addition to having a specific gravity of less than 25° API gravity, high viscosity, and often contain (concentration) of heavy metals (vanadium, nickel) which is higher than light oil (normal oil). Geochemical analysis based on the gas chromatography (GC) chromatogram of heavy oil in the Central Sumatra Basin shows a different pattern. The chromatogram pattern eliminates the light molecular fractions of the compounds in biodegraded oil and tar sand/bitumen. According to their geochemical properties, there are 4 (four) types of heavy oil in the Central Sumatra Basin namely: Type l come from shallow reservoir, water wash, and full biodegradation/all alkane depleted); Type 2 come from shallow reservoir, meteoric water, and light biodegradation, only low molecular weight alkane depleted); Type 3 come from deep reservoir, vertical gravity segregation, decreased weight fraction, can be caused by oil conditions in thick reservoirs, covered by impermeable lithology and usually located on the edge of the field (flank). Type 4 which contains medium-heavy oil (27°API) and is difficult to produce.
Feasibility Study and Technical Optimization by Implementing Steam Flooding for the Field Development Plan of A Heavy-Oil Field in Yemen Mohammed Sheikh Salem Al-Attas; Amega Yasutra
Scientific Contributions Oil and Gas Vol 44 No 3 (2021)
Publisher : Testing Center for Oil and Gas LEMIGAS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29017/SCOG.44.3.711

Abstract

Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) applications are highly recommended and required in Yemen to maintain stable levels of oil production. The field selected for this research is located in Yemen, where relatively- thin sandstone reservoirs are dominant at moderate depths. The reservoir is highly undersaturated with an API gravity of 14.2 and a very low solution gas-oil ratio (GOR), initial oil viscosity (uo) of 420 cP. The reservoir is naturally producing with the support of a strong water drive at the bottom, however, the increase in water cut poses a disadvantage for this reservoir. Over time, the oil production will decline and development plans will be required to improve the oil recovery. This research aims to optimize oil recovery factor and the interest in the overall project economy by evaluating the optimization of the steam flood process based on the Stochastic analysis with the highest recovery factor (RF) and the highest net present value (NPV) objective functions. Two optimization techniques have been used to perform the data analysis, deterministic and stochastic approaches. The deterministic approach is carried out by direct analysis on the results of the technical optimization method using the CMG reservoir simulator, while the stochastic approach uses the simulation results from the deterministic approach to determine the most influencing parameter in the steam flood process as well as to optimize the infill and injection wells location, number of steam injection wells and the steam injection rate with the highest oil RF and highest NPV. In this field development using deterministic approach, two producer wells are converted into injector wells. The RF for this initial scenario is 52,34%, and the NPV is 33.10 MM$/STB. For the second scenario using Stochastic approach, CMOST optimization using the maximum RF objective function resulted in RF of 61.33%, and NPV of 43.00 MMS/STB. Finally for the third scenario using CMOST optimization with the maximum NPV objective function resulted in RF of 57.29%, and an NPV of 53.86 MMS/STB. The Stochastic approach with maximum NPV objective function provides the most favorable scenario to be used in the development of Field "AR". And the optimization using the stochastic approach also produces faster, optimum, and more accurate results than the deterministic approach since it forecast a variety of probable results by running thousands of reservoir simulations using many various estimations of economic conditions.
Tubing Strength Evaluation and Failure Assessment for Reactivation of Well PDD-2 as Steam Injector Well Steven Chandra; Wijoyo Niti Daton; Mohammad Hafidz Setiawan
Scientific Contributions Oil and Gas Vol 44 No 3 (2021)
Publisher : Testing Center for Oil and Gas LEMIGAS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29017/SCOG.44.3.712

Abstract

Many old oil wells still exist in Indonesia, some of those wells has been shut in due to several reasons, two of those reasons are: the oil production that declines significantly and weak well integrity so that the well cannot withstand obstructions that occur during production. To maintain and boost Indonesia's oil production, Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) methods can be applied in mature fields. One of EOR methods that has the most extensive application is steam flooding, in which the fluid is injected continuously to drive the oil from injector to producer. This EOR method is a successful method to increase heavy-oil production.The application of steam flooding, most notably in older wells presents itself with possible well integrity problem. Steam flooding well has a very high risk of casing and tubing failure that caused by the loads from burst, collapse, tension, and thermal effect due to the high temperature steam that can decrease the rating of casing or tubing. Hence, this study focuses on evaluating tubing's strength on the existing well whether the tubing is applicable for steam flooding or must be replaced. In this study, a tubing strength evaluation of well PDD-2 for steam flooding method will be discussed. Tubing strength evaluation consists of two stage. The first stage is evaluation due to burst, collapse, and tension loads and the other stage is evaluation due to thermal effects of injected steam. Well PDD-2 has K-55 tubing with 3.5 inch OD, burst rating of 7,947.5 psi, collapse rating of 7,052.9 psi, and tension rating of 160,262 Ibf. Based on the evaluation result, this existing K-55 tubing still be able to withstand the loads from burst, collapse, tension, and thermal effects. Hence, the reactivation of Well PDD-2 as steam injector well can be done without replacing or upgrading the tubing.
A New Approach for East Natuna Gas Utilization Fiqi Giffari; Paramita Widiastuti; Lisna Rosmayati; Nofrizal Nofrizal; Dadan Kusdiana
Scientific Contributions Oil and Gas Vol 44 No 3 (2021)
Publisher : Testing Center for Oil and Gas LEMIGAS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29017/SCOG.44.3.713

Abstract

The Natuna Gas Field has a potential gas reserve of 222 TCF, but this gas field has a very high CO, content of up to 71%. The high composition of CO, content and its location, which is too far from the market, causes the best option to use the Natuna's gas by converting it to liquid. Dimethyl Ether (DME) is a choice of liquid products that have a good potential as alternative energy for household LPG. A more in-depth study of the options for using the Natuna's gas into DME product via direct process was carried out in this study. The methodology used is initiated by determining the type of facilities needed and then conducting a process simulation to determine the mass balance, energy balance, and design of the equipment used. Process simulation and economic simulation show that the Natuna Gas Field is technically feasible to be developed into a DME product with a capacity of 1,800 MMSCFD, resulting in 21,245 MT/day DME. Upstream and downstream integration economic scheme produces a better economic result (ROI: 6.34%) compared to an upstream economic scheme (ROI: 0.63%). Apart from that, tax incentives on the downstream scheme can increase the project economy, and the scenario of tax holiday is the most beneficial for developers and the government.

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