Majalah Kedokteran Bandung
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung (MKB)/Bandung Medical Journal publishes peer-reviewed original articles and case reports in basic medical research, clinical research, and applied medical science. This journal is published quarterly (March, June, September, and December) by Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran. Articles are original research that needs to be disseminated and written in English. All submitted manuscripts will go through the double-blind peer review and editorial review before being granted with acceptance for publication.
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<![CDATA[Case of Gonorrheal Urethritis and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Due to Sexual Abuse in a Boy ]]>
<![CDATA[Qaira Anum]]>;
<![CDATA[Satya Wydya Yenny]]>;
<![CDATA[Vesri Yossy]]>;
<![CDATA[Fauzana Nazifah]]>
<![CDATA[ Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 58, No 1 (2026) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran ]]>
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DOI: 10.15395/mkb.v58.4085
<![CDATA[Sexual violence against children and the occurence of sexually transmitted infections (STIs), particularly gonorrheal urethritis, are rare in the pediatric population. This case report describes an 8-year-old boy who acquired a sexually transmitted infection uncommon for his age group, suggesting the possibility of an unusual underlying issue requiring further evaluation and management. This boy presented with a history of genital-to-genital sexual contact with a female peer 10 days prior. He was diagnosed with acute uncomplicated gonococcal urethritis, presenting with symptoms of painful urination and yellowish-white discharge from the genital area that had progressively worsened over the preceeding week. The patient also exhibited signs of post-traumatic stress disorder, including frequent crying and low self-esteem. Venereological examination revealed thick yellowish-white discharge at the external urethral orifice. Gram staining demonstrated intracellular gram-negative diplococci with >30 polymorphonuclear cells per high-power field, and culture confirmed the presence of Neisseria Gonorrhoeae. The patient was treated with oral erythromycin 250 mg four times daily for one week. He also received psychoeducational therapy and psychopharmacological treatment, including fluoxetine (6 mg once daily), vitamin B1 (2 mg once daily), and folic acid (2 mg once daily), administered by the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry of Dr. M. Djamil General Hospital. Evaluation of the patient on the seventh day after therapy showed good outcomes. Early diagnosis and proper management of gonococcal urethritis cases are essential to reduce the incidence of complications and to address potential psychosocial concerns.]]>
<![CDATA[Effect of High-Dose Vitamin D on Angiogenesis Markers in High-Risk Pregnant Women ]]>
<![CDATA[Nunki Febriastuti]]>;
<![CDATA[Rima Irwinda]]>;
<![CDATA[Noroyono Wibowo]]>;
<![CDATA[Damar Prasmusinto]]>;
<![CDATA[Yudi B. Saroyo]]>;
<![CDATA[Yuditiya Purwosunu]]>
<![CDATA[ Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 58, No 1 (2026) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran ]]>
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DOI: 10.15395/mkb.v58.4544
<![CDATA[Preeclampsia is characterized by impaired trophoblast invasion and angiogenesis. Recent evidence suggests that vitamin D supplementation may reduce the risk of preeclampsia by optimizing angiogenesis. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of high-dose vitamin D on angiogenesis markers in the first trimester by evaluating serum maternal placental growth factor (PlGF) and uterine artery pulsality index (UtA-PI) in pregnant women with a high risk for preeclampsia. A single-blind, randomized controlled trial was conducted on 80 pregnant women from April 2021 to April 2022 at Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National General Hospital and Koja District Hospital. Pregnant women at 7–11 weeks of gestation were divided into low-risk and high-risk preeclampsia groups. Each group was then randomized into a control group (multi-micronutrient supplementation/MMS) and an intervention group (MMS + vitamin D at 5,000 IU/day). Maternal serum 25(OH)D levels and PlGF levels, as well as Doppler UtA-PI, were measured at baseline and after one month of intervention. All participants had vitamin D deficiency at baseline. After one month, the increase in 25(OH)D level was significantly higher in the low-risk group (12.3±6.3 ng/mL vs 10.5±5.1 ng/, p<0.001). Mean UtA-PI was significantly reduced in both low-risk (-1.1±0.3) and high-risk (-0.43±0.26) intervention groups. PlGF level increasedwas significantly in both intervention groups (low-risk 107.9±32.0 vs. high-risk 70.5±18.3, p<0.001). High-dose vitamin D supplementation (5,000 IU/day) improves angiogenesis in the first trimester, suggesting potential benefits for improving pregnancy outcomes in women at risk for preeclampsia.]]>
<![CDATA[Physical and Mental Burden of Ocular Surface Squamous Neoplasia on Health-Related Quality of Life ]]>
<![CDATA[Widyanti Soewoto]]>;
<![CDATA[Senyum Indrakila]]>;
<![CDATA[Joko Purnomo]]>;
<![CDATA[Erma Malindha]]>;
<![CDATA[Yusuf Vindra Asmara]]>
<![CDATA[ Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 58, No 1 (2026) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran ]]>
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DOI: 10.15395/mkb.v58.4352
<![CDATA[Patients diagnosed with ocular surface squamous neoplasia (OSSN) often experience a significant decline in health-related quality of life (HRQoL) due to its potential for visual impairment. This study aimed to investigate the association between OSSN and HRQoL by considering various determinants. A case-control study was conducted at Dr. Moewardi General Hospital, Indonesia, from May to December 2024. A total of 324 respondents, 162 in each group, were sampled consecutively and enrolled in this study. The OSSN patients group and the control group consisted of 97 males (59.9%) and 65 females (40.1%). The HRQoL was evaluated using the RAND Short Form Health Survey (SF-36), focusing on physical health composite (PHC) and mental health composite (MHC) scores. All procedures adhered to the established ethical guidelines. Data were analyzed using multivariate regressions in IBM SPSS version 26. Result showed that OSSN significantly impacted HRQoL. Low PHC scores were prevalent in 48.1% of OSSN patients, compared to 50.6% in controls, with an odd ratio [OR] of 2.68 and p<0.05. The MHC scores showed a similar trend, with 49.0% of OSSN patients reporting low scores (OR: 2.56, p<0.05). Furthermore, the stratified analysis showed that younger males were particularly affected, with lower HRQoL scores across all domains. Overall, OSSN imposes physical and mental burdens, significantly reducing HRQoL. Thus, a holistic treatment method that integrates both the physical and psychological health supports for OSSN patients is needed. Awareness raising and early detection initiatives may further mitigate the adverse effects of OSSN on life quality.]]>
<![CDATA[Patterns of Pulmonary Function in Patients Undergoing Spirometry at a Tertiary Referral Hospital in West Java, Indonesia ]]>
<![CDATA[Muhammad Rizky Wisesa]]>;
<![CDATA[Iceu Dimas Kulsum]]>;
<![CDATA[Prayudi Santoso]]>
<![CDATA[ Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 58, No 1 (2026) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran ]]>
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DOI: 10.15395/mkb.v58.4129
<![CDATA[Spirometry is a fundamental tool for assessing pulmonary function, as it provides critical insights into respiratory health. This study aimed to explore pulmonary function abnormalities among patients undergoing spirometry at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia. Conducted in May 2024 with 206 participants, the study employed a descriptive, observational design. The average patient age was 45.86 years, with a majority being female (64.1%) and unemployed (62.1%). Comorbidities were present in 25.67% of patients, with hypertension being the most common (50.87%). The primary indications for spirometry in this hospital were preoperative risk assessment (75.2%) and evaluation following treatment for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. The study demonstrated that 67.5% of patients had restrictive lung disorders, 31.6% had normal lung function, and 1% had obstructive patterns. Restrictive lung disorders were more prevalent in older adults and females, with most cases being mild (64.0%). These findings underscore the necessity of spirometry in preoperative assessments, and highlights the dominance of restrictive lung disorders in the hospital’s patient population. Future research should incorporate larger sample sizes, longer study durations, and add additional variables such as respiratory risk factors to enhance understanding of pulmonary function trends in this setting.]]>
<![CDATA[Antibacterial and Antifungal Activities of the Leaf Extracts of Mentha piperita L. ]]>
<![CDATA[Jeffrey Jeffrey]]>;
<![CDATA[Dewi Lidya Ichwana Nasution]]>;
<![CDATA[Myrna Nurlatifah Zakaria]]>;
<![CDATA[Anisa Fitriani]]>;
<![CDATA[Aurorin Silvia Junir]]>
<![CDATA[ Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 58, No 1 (2026) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran ]]>
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DOI: 10.15395/mkb.v58.4368
<![CDATA[Herbal medicines are increasingly used due to the presence of bioactive compounds with antibacterial and antifungal properties. This study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial and antifungal effects of Mentha piperita L. extract against Porphyromonas gingivalis and Candida albicans. A laboratory-based experimental study with a post-test only control group design was conducted. The test organisms were exposed to M. piperita L. extract at concentrations of 3.125%, 6.25%, 12.5%, 25%, 50%, and 100%. The antibacterial and antifungal activities were evaluated using the agar well diffusion method to determine inhibition zones, followed by broth dilution tests to identify the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC), Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC), and Minimum Fungicidal Concentration (MFC). Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA with a significance level of p<0.05. Results showed that all concentrations inhibited the growth of both microorganisms, with MIC values of 12.5% and 25% for P. gingivalis and C. albicans, respectively. The MBC for P. gingivalis and MFC for C. albicans were both observed at 100%. There were significant differences (p<0.05) in the inhibition zones across the concentrations tested. In conclusion, Mentha piperita L. extract demonstrates significant antibacterial and antifungal activities against Porphyromonas gingivalis and Candida albicans, suggesting its potential as a natural antimicrobial agent for oral infections.]]>
<![CDATA[LRINEC Scoring Accuracy and Its Association with Clinical Outcomes in Necrotizing Fasciitis Patients ]]>
<![CDATA[Ronald Ronald]]>;
<![CDATA[Teguh Marfen Djajakusumah]]>;
<![CDATA[Rani Septrina]]>
<![CDATA[ Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 58, No 1 (2026) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran ]]>
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DOI: 10.15395/mkb.v58.4164
<![CDATA[Necrotizing Fasciitis (NF) is a soft tissue infection characterized by rapidly progressive necrosis of the fascia and is associated with high morbidity and mortality worldwide. It has atypical clinical symptoms during the early course of the disease, making timely diagnosis challenging. Early and adequate antibiotic therapy combined with timely surgical intervention is essential to reduce morbidity and mortality in NF. Consequently, realiable diagnostic tools are needed for early diagnosis of NF. The LRINEC score is one of the diagnostic tools that is simple and rapidly applicebe; however, its use in diagnosing NF is still under debate. This study aimed to determine the accuracy of LRINEC scoring in diagnosing NF compared to histopathological examination (the gold standard) and to assess its association with morbidity and mortality. This observational prospective cohort study included NF patients presenting to the surgical emergency department throughout 2024. A total of 29 patients were enrolled, with an average age of 53.9 years, dominated by men. Diabetes mellitus was the most common comorbidity, present in 18 patients (72.9%). Death occurred in 1 patient (3.4%). The mean LRINEC score among subjects was 6.3. The LRINEC score demonstrated an accuracy of 89.66% compared to histopathological findings, with a sensitivity of 95% and a specificity of 77.78% for scores >6. Thus, thee LRINEC score demonstrates good diagnostic accuracy for necrotizing fasciitis, despite the lack of statistically significant association between LRINEC score and morbidity or mortality in this study.]]>
<![CDATA[Correlation Between Pre-Transplant Anemia and Mortality After Kidney Transplantation in Diabetic and Non-Diabetic Patients ]]>
<![CDATA[Dwi Lestari Partiningrum]]>;
<![CDATA[Nusa Purnawan Putra]]>;
<![CDATA[Lestariningsih Lestariningsih]]>
<![CDATA[ Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 58, No 1 (2026) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran ]]>
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DOI: 10.15395/mkb.v58.4397
<![CDATA[Anemia is an established risk factor for mortality and graft failure among kidney transplant recipients, particularly those with diabetes mellitus; however, the combined effects of these conditions remains poorly understood. Regular anemia evaluation is important for patients with End-Stage Kidney Disease (ESKD), especially after transplantation. This retrospective study aimed to analyze 40 kidney transplant recipients with anemia to investigate the correlation between pre-transplant anemia and post-transplant mortality in diabetic and non-diabetic patients at Dr. Kariadi National General Hospital between 2014 and 2020. Data on patient demographics and comorbidities, as well as laboratory data were collected and analyzed. The mean patient age was 41.9±12.4 years, with male constituted 52.5%. The average pre-transplant hemoglobin and serum creatinine levels were 9.4±1.4 mg/dL and 12.4±18.9 g/dL, respectively. Diabetes mellitus was present in 12.5% of patients. Overall, the one-year and three-year post-transplant mortality rates were 20% and 22.5%, respectively. One-year post-transplant mortality occurred in 80% of diabetic patients and 11.4% of non-diabetic patients (p=0.003). At three years, mortality reached 80% in diabetic patients and 14.3% in non-diabetic patients (p=0.006). Pre-transplant anemia significantly increases the risk of post-transplant mortality, especially among diabetic patients, highlighting the need for optimal anemia management before kidney transplantation to enhance long-term patient outcomes.]]>
<![CDATA[Types of Social Participation among the Elderly in Bandung City, Indonesia ]]>
<![CDATA[Sharon Gondodiputro]]>;
<![CDATA[Yusuf Naufal Athaya Fauzan]]>;
<![CDATA[Anggraini Widjajakusuma]]>
<![CDATA[ Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 58, No 1 (2026) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran ]]>
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DOI: 10.15395/mkb.v58.4376
<![CDATA[Elderly individuals are at increased risk of experiencing various health problems associated with isolation and loneliness. Social participation with family, friends, neighbors, and engagement in community activities has been proven to reduce these risks. This study aimed to identify the types of social participation activities undertaken by elderly residents in Bandung City, Indonesia. A quantitative descriptive study was conducted involving 100 elderly individuals who visited Community Health Centers in Bandung City, using multistage purposive convenience sampling. The study variables were respondent characteristics and types of social participation at the family, friend, neighbor, and community levels.The most common forms of social participation with family and neighbors involved direct conversations. Religious activities and cleaning up the neighborhood (kerja bakti in local language) were the most frequently reported types of social participation with neighbors and the broader community. Based on these findings, it is necessary to develop various structured and easily accessible community activities to provide the elderly with more opportunities for meaningful social participation.]]>
<![CDATA[Stroke Severity and Constipation in Ischemic Stroke Patient in Indonesian Regional Hospital ]]>
<![CDATA[Azham Purwandhono]]>;
<![CDATA[Satria Arju Ridho Robby]]>;
<![CDATA[Kristianningrum Dian Sofiana]]>;
<![CDATA[Muhammad Ihwan Narwanto]]>;
<![CDATA[Novan Krisno Adji]]>
<![CDATA[ Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 58, No 1 (2026) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran ]]>
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DOI: 10.15395/mkb.v58.4276
<![CDATA[Ischemic stroke can lead to a range of complications, incluing constipation. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between stroke severity history and constipation among ischemic stroke patients treated at the Outpatient Neurology Clinic of dr. Soebandi Jember Regional Hospital. This cross-sectional observational analytic study was conducted on 37 first-attack ischemic stroke patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria during the period of June to November 2024. Stroke severity data were obtained from medical records using the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score. Meanwhile, constipation incidence data were obtained through interviews using the Constipation Scoring System (CSS) questionnaire. Data collected were then analyzed using the Spearman test. Most subjects were ≥60 years (39.5%), male (62.2%), and graduated from elementary school (45.9%). Most patients had moderate stroke severity (40.5%) and moderate constipation (40.5%). There was a significant relationship between stroke severity and constipation (p=0.001) with a strong correlation strength (r=0.524) and a positive correlation direction. In conclusion, stroke severity has a strong, directly proportional relationship with constipation in ischemic stroke patients.]]>
<![CDATA[Correlation of Age, PSA Value, Gleason Score, and Staging with Metastasis in Prostate Cancer ]]>
<![CDATA[Puti Rania Esfandiary]]>;
<![CDATA[Ferry Safriadi]]>;
<![CDATA[Akhmad Mustafa]]>
<![CDATA[ Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 58, No 1 (2026) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran ]]>
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DOI: 10.15395/mkb.v58.4225
<![CDATA[Prostate cancer is the fifth most common cancer among men in Indonesia and carries a substantial risk of metastasis. However, data on prognostic factors such as age, prostate-specific antigen (PSA) value, Gleason score, and local stage among Indonesian patients are still limited. This retrospective cross-sectional study analyzed medical records of prostate cancer patients treated at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung, between 2019–2022. Independent variables were age, PSA value, Gleason score, and local stage; the dependent variable was metastatic status. Data were analyzed using chi-square and multivariate logistic regression tests. A total of 81 patients were included, of whom 44 (54.3%) had metastases. Bivariate analysis showed significant associations of PSA value, Gleason score, and local stage with metastasis (p<0.05). In multivariate analysis, only Gleason score and local stage remained significant independent predictors (p<0.05). The findings indicate that Gleason score and local tumor stage are reliable predictors of metastasis in prostate cancer, while age and PSA are not independent predictors in this cohort. Gleason score and local stage should be prioritized for risk assessment in prostate cancer management in Indonesian hospitals.]]>
