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BIOTROPIA - The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology
Published by Southeast Asian Regional Centre for Tropical Biology
ISSN : 02156334     EISSN : 1907770X     DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.11598/btb
Core Subject : Health, Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology Veterinary
BIOTROPIA, The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology, is a scientific publication of the Southeast Asian Ministers of Education Organization (SEAMEO) – Southeast Asian Regional Center for Tropical Biology (BIOTROP). It publishes articles in the broad areas of tropical ecosystems and environmental impacts, biodiversity conservation and sustainable development and biotechnology.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Lain-Lain)
Articles 4 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "No. 22 (2004)" : 4 Documents clear
ISOLATION AND SELECTION OF ALKALINE PROTEOLYTIC BACTERIA FROM LEATHER PROCESSING WASTE AND ENZYME CHARACTERIZATION BUDIASIH WAHYUNTARI; NISA R MUBARIK; MARITA ANGGARANi
BIOTROPIA - The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology No. 22 (2004)
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (510.593 KB) | DOI: 10.11598/btb.2004.0.22.204

Abstract

ABSTRACT The aims of this experiment were to isolate alkaline protease producing bacteria from leather processing waste, and to study the biochemical properties of the enzyme produced by the selected bacteria. Nine bacterial isolates incubated at 37"C, revealed proteolytic activity on skim milk containing media. Four isolates were grown at pH 9 and another four isolates at pH 10 and only one isolate at pH 11. However, in further subculture, there were only three isolates that showed proteolytic activity, namely, D2, D7, and Dl l .  Among the three isolates, isolate D2 was the highest protease producer. The highest protease production (36.5U/L) was reached after a 36-hr fermentation at pH 9. The optimum activity of D2 protease was observed at pH 8 and 60"C. The enzyme was stable at pH range of 7-10, and at temperature of 52-62"C. In the presence of 5mM EDTA or PMSF, the crude enzyme activity decreased to 7.04% and 23.29% respectively, which indicated that the enzyme might be a metal dependent serine protease. Zymogram analysis revealed the molecular weight of the enzyme was about 42.8kD. Keywords:  leather/ waste/protease/alkaline
MORPHOLOGICAL VARIATION OF THE ECOTYPES OF Echinochloa crus-galli var crus-galli (L). Beauv (Barnyard grass: Poaceae) IN MALAYSIA and INDONESIA SOET1KNO S SASTROUTOMO; ABDUL SHUKOR JURAIMI; JUGAH KADIR; SUHAIMI NAPIS; ARIFIN TASRIF
BIOTROPIA - The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology No. 22 (2004)
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (667.039 KB) | DOI: 10.11598/btb.2004.0.22.206

Abstract

Greenhouse experiments were conducted to examine the morphological traits of barnyard grass ecotypes from diverse geographic origin. Seeds (caryopsis) were collected from 17 locations of  rice fields throughout Malaysia (11 states) and Indonesia (six provinces) and were grown in pots each  containing 10 kg of paddy field soil. The experiments were arranged using completely randomized design (CRD) with five  replicates. Mean separation was calculated using Duncan multiple range test at 5% probability level. Unweighted pair-group method of arithmetic averages (UPGMA) was performed to determine the individual relationship within ecotypes of barnyard grass. Twelve morphological traits such as culm, panicle, leaf, and spikelet traits were measured. The growth characters such as emergence date, heading time, and growth duration were also evaluated. The average of emergence date, heading time, and growth duration of barnyard grass collected from Perils, Kedah, Penang, and Johor were relatively earlier than other ecotypes. Six groups were classified based on the cluster analysis of Malaysian ecotypes of barnyard grass. Principal component  indicated that group six was found to be highly variable compared to others. While three groups were identified in Indonesian ecotypes of barnyard grass. Group one was observed to be highly variable. Results demonstrated that morphological variation among  ecotypes of barnyard grass showing differences between the two regions illustrate the role of geographic variation. Key words : Variation / ecotypes / paddy field weeds / barnyard grass.
SOIL QUALITY CHANGES FOLLOWING FOREST CLEARANCE IN BENGKULU, SUMATRA I P HANDAYANI
BIOTROPIA - The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology No. 22 (2004)
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11598/btb.2004.0.22.205

Abstract

Intense destruction and degradation of tropical forests is recognized as one of the environmental threats and tragedies. These have increased the need to assess the effects of subsequent land-use following forest extraction on soil quality. Therefore, the objective of this study is to evaluate the impacts of land-use type on soil quality properties in Bengkulu Province, Sumatra. Soil samples were collected from adjacent sites including natural secondary forest, bare land, cultivated land and grassland. The results show that land-use following forest clearance lowered saturated hydraulic conductivity (85%), porosity (10.50%), soil water content at field capacity (34%),C organic (27%), N total (26%), inorganic N (37%), soil microbial biomass C (32%), mineralizable C (22%), and particulate organic matter (50%), but slightly increased water soluble organic C. Specific respiration activity rates increased about 14% in cultivated soils compared to natural forest soils, indicating greater C turnover per labile C pool in the form of soil microbial biomass, thus decreased biologically active soil organic matter. Forest conversion tends to reduce the C,ffg/Crer for all deforested sites. All of deforested areas relatively have infertile soil, with the worst case found in cultivated field. The C^g/Crd of cultivated fields was about 24% less than that of remnant forest (1.07). Grassland apparently maintains only slightly higher soil C levels than the bare land. On average, degradation index of soil following forest clearance was 35% with the highest deterioration occurred in the bare land (38%). Fallowing the fields by naturally growth of  Imperata cylindrica  for about 15 yr in abandoned land after 3-5 years of cultivation did not improve the soil quality. Moreover, forest clearance has an impact on soil quality as resulted in the loss of a physically protected organic matter and reduction in some labile C pools, thus declined biological activity at disturbed ecosystems. Keywords: Degradation index / forest / Imperata cylindrica grassland / soil quality/ soil organic matter
MEDICINAL HERBS OF PASIR MAYANG, JAMBI: ETHNOPHARMACY AND TOXICITY SCREENING HILMAN AFFANDI; ARIF NURYADIN; SUSILO B. PRAYOGO
BIOTROPIA - The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology No. 22 (2004)
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11598/btb.2004.0.22.203

Abstract

This article presents the results of an investigation concerning the use of herbal medicinal plants by the people of Pasir Mayang, sub-District (Municipality) of VII Koto, District of Tebo, Jambi Province, Sumatera. The data collection was based on interviews with the healers and other villagers of Pasir Mayang who possess knowledge of the different plants and their medicinal uses. The study recorded 57 species of medicinal plants used in Pasir Mayang. The detailed uses of the 57 medicinal plants are given. All plant species were subjected to phytochemical analysis and toxicity tests, and the outcome of the analysis on the presence of alkaloids, saponins, steroids/terpenoids, and the level of  toxicity against brine shrimp (Anemia salina) are presented. A comparison with other studies reported in the literature seems to indicate that a high frequency of the use of leaves in therapy may be a part of a larger cultural phenomenon among the tropical forest tribes of Southeast Asia. Keywords : Indonesia/Jarabi/Pasir Mayang/medicinal plants/ethuophannacy/toxicity screening

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