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Biota: Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-Ilmu Hayati
Published by Universitas Atma Jaya Yogyakarta
ISSN : 25273221     EISSN : 2527323X     DOI : doi.org/10.24002/biota
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
Biota: Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-Ilmu Hayati merupakan jurnal ilmiah yang memuat hasil-hasil penelitian, kajian-kajian pustaka dan berita-berita terbaru tentang ilmu dan teknologi kehayatian (biologi, bioteknologi dan bidang ilmu yang terkait). Biota terbit pertama kali bulan Juli 1995 dengan ISSN 0853-8670. Biota terbit tiga nomor dalam satu tahun (Februari, Juni, dan Oktober).
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Lain-Lain)
Articles 16 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 18, No 2 (2013): June 2013" : 16 Documents clear
Amfibi dan Reptil Karst Gunung Sewu Zona Batur Agung, Gunung Kidul, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta Tony Febri Qurniawan
Biota : Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-Ilmu Hayati Vol 18, No 2 (2013): June 2013
Publisher : Universitas Atma Jaya Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24002/biota.v18i2.390

Abstract

An inventory study of amphibians and reptiles from Karst Zone Batur Agung Gunung Kidul, Yogyakarta was carried out for first time. Exploration was conducted in July-August 2007, May-June 2008 and April 2009 at four districts of Patuk, Playen, Ngawen and Gedangsari. The results showed findings of 9 species of amphibians and 22 species of reptiles. Total of those amphibians and reptiles were recorded, the largest species of amphibian was Duttaphrynus melanostictus (Bufonidae) and Fejervarya limnocharis (Dicroglossidae). The largest species of reptile was Hemydactylus frenatus (Gekkonidae), Lygosoma bowringii (Scincidae), Ramphotyphlops braminus (Typhlopidae), Eutropis multifasciata (Scincidae) and Ahaetulla prasina (Colubridae). Keywords: Biodiversity, herpetofauna, Wanagama forest, Wonosadi forest, Bunder forestAbstrakStudi inventarisasi amfibi dan reptil telah dilakukan untuk permata kali di Zona Karst Batur Agung Gunung Kidul Yogyakarta. Penelitian berlangsung dari bulan Juli-Agustus 2007, Mei-Juni 2008 dan April 2009 di empat kecamatan, yaitu Patuk, Playen, Ngawen, dan Gedangsari. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ditemukan 9 jenis amfibi dan 22 jenis reptil. Total keseluruhan jumlah jenis amfibi dan reptil tersebut, jenis amfibi yang melimpah yaitu Duttaphrynus melanostictus (Bufonidae) dan Fejervarya limnocharis (Dicroglossidae). Jenis reptil yang melimpah yaitu Hemydactylus frenatus (Gekkonidae), Lygosoma bowringii (Scincidae), Ramphotyphlops braminus (Typhlopidae), Eutropis multifasciata (Scincidae) dan Ahaetulla prasina (Colubridae). Kata kunci: Biodiversitas, herpetofauna, hutan Wanagama, hutan Wonosadi, hutan Bunder
Pemanfaatan Limbah Cucian Beras untuk Pembuatan Makanan Berserat Tinggi Menggunakan Bakteri Acetobacter xylinum Akhsin Zulkoni
Biota : Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-Ilmu Hayati Vol 18, No 2 (2013): June 2013
Publisher : Universitas Atma Jaya Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24002/biota.v18i2.391

Abstract

AbstractThis research aimed to utilize water used for washing rice as raw material to make high-fiber foods (nata de leri), and to search the optimum sugar levels that can produce the best nata. Laboratory scale experiments were prepared using a factorial design with three repetitions. The treatments tested were four types of rice, such as white rice, brown rice, white and black sticky rice consists of 0, 5, 10, and 15% sugar content. The parameters analyzed were color, thickness, wet weight, fiber content and protein content of nata formed. Observational data were analyzed statistically using analysis of variance with α 1% and 5% followed by DMRT 5% test. Fermentation of various types of rice by the bacterium Acetobacter xylinum took five to seven days. Based on the analysis of variance α 1%, there was significant difference between the type of rice and sugar content to the quality of nata formed. Optimum sugar content that produces the best nata was 5%, which occurs in all types of rice. Excessive sugar in the fermentation medium inhibits the process of medium density allegedly causing bacterial cell lysis. Fermentation derived from white sticky rice produce the thickest and hardest nata, and had the highest fiber content, with values 130 cm, 200 gr, and 75% respectively. This was because the starch content was much in white sticky rice than others. Carbohydrates were used by bacteria as a source of nutrients and energy, which has rich of starch from white sticky rice. While the highest protein content was by nata formed from white rice, which is 1.2%.Keywords: Sugar, Acetobacter xylinum, nata de leriAbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan memanfaatkan air bekas cucian beras sebagai bahan baku pembuatan makanan berserat tinggi (nata de leri), dan mencari kadar gula optimum yang bisa menghasilkan nata terbaik. Percobaan dilakukan pada skala laboratorium yang disusun menggunakan rancangan faktorial dengan tiga ulangan. Perlakuan yang diuji adalah jenis beras, meliputi beras putih, beras merah, ketan putih dan ketan hitam; serta kadar gula yang terdiri dari 0%, 5%, 10%, dan 15%. Parameter yang dianalisis yakni warna, tebal, berat basah, kadar serat, dan kadar protein nata yang terbentuk. Data pengamatan dianalisis statistik memakai analisis keragaman dengan α 1% dan α 5%, dilanjutkan uji DMRT α 5% bila ada perbedaan yang nyata. Berdasarkan analisis keragaman α 1%, terbukti bahwa ada pengaruh yang sangat signifikan antara jenis beras dan kadar gula dengan kualitas nata de leri yang terbentuk. Kadar gula optimum yang menghasilkan nata terbaik adalah 5% yang terjadi pada semua jenis beras. Gula yang berlebihan dalam medium justru menghambat proses fermentasi karena medium yang pekat menyebabkan sel bakteri lisis. Fermentasi leri yang berasal dari ketan putih menghasilkan nata paling tebal (130 cm), paling berat (200 g) serta mempunyai kadar serat tertinggi (7,5%). Hal ini disebabkan oleh kadar pati dalam leri ketan putih terbanyak dibandingkan dengan lainnya. Kadar protein tertinggi dikandung oleh nata yang dibentuk dari leri beras putih 1,2%.Kata kunci: Leri, gula, Acetobacter xylinum, nata
Peningkatan Kualitas flakes Ganyong (canna edulis ker.) dan Bekatul Menggunakan Variasi Sayuran Haryo Sukamdani; L.M. Ekawati Purwijantiningsih; F. Sinung Pranata
Biota : Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-Ilmu Hayati Vol 18, No 2 (2013): June 2013
Publisher : Universitas Atma Jaya Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24002/biota.v18i2.392

Abstract

AbstractFlakes are ready to eat cereal product in order to provide a high caloric needs for those who consume them. Utilization of ganyong into flakes is one alternative that increases the diversification of processed ganyong prospects in the community. In order to improve the nutritional quality of flakes, especially fiber, other ingredients are added for flakes. Variety of vegetables and rice brand’s is used as the main raw material of flakes. Variety of vegetables is broccoli, spinach and carrots and with the addition of vegetables can be seen the influence of increasing the nutritional value from the resulting flakes. This research used completely randomized design (CRD). The results obtained in this study of flakes product are have variations of water content 0.03-0.36%, ash 2.69-3:09%, protein 5.72-6.36%, 0.96-3.08% fat, carbohydrate 87.47-90.61%, soluble fiber 1.59-4.4%, insoluble fiber 0.01-0.02%, total fiber 1.6-4.42%, texture 3349.8-3687.8 gf and microbiological tests such total plate count, molds and yeasts and Staphylococcus aureus that meets the ISO standard of cereal (SNI 01-4270 -1996). The results showed that the carrot flakes had the highest quality overall and flakes broccoli had the highest fiber content.Key words: Flakes, ganyong, variety of vegetables, rice bran’sAbstrakFlakes adalah produk makanan siap saji untuk menyediakan kalori bagi yang mengkonsumsinya. Pemanfaatan ganyong sebagai produk sereal adalah salah satu cara meningkatkan diversifikasi pangan di masyarakat. Dalam rangka meningkatkan kualitas gizi flakes, terutama serat maka bahan lain ditambahkan dalam pembuatan flakes. Variasi sayuran dan bekatul digunakan sebagai bahan baku utama pembuatan flakes. Variasi sayuran yang digunakan yakni brokoli, bayam dan wortel. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL). Hasil yang didapatkan dari penelitian ini yakni kadar air flakes 0,03-0,36%, kadar abu 2,69-3,09%, protein 5,72-6,36%, lemak 0,96-3,08%, karbohidrat 87,47-90,61%, serat larut 1,59-4,4%, serat tidak larut 0,01-0,02%, total serat 1,6-4,42%, tingkat kekerasan/ tekstur 3349,8-3687,8 gf dan tes mikrobiologi seperti angka lempeng total, kapang dan khamir, serta Staphylococcus aureus sesuai standar ISO sereal (SNI 01-4270 -1996). Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa flakes wortel mempunyai kualitas gizi tertinggi dan flakes brokoli mengandung serat tertinggi.Kata kunci: Flakes, ganyong, variasi sayuran, bekatul
Kelimpahan dan Keanekaragaman Jenis Burung di Enclave Lindu Taman Nasional Lore Lindu Heru Setiawan
Biota : Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-Ilmu Hayati Vol 18, No 2 (2013): June 2013
Publisher : Universitas Atma Jaya Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24002/biota.v18i2.393

Abstract

AbstractLindu Enclave area is an area that cannot be separated from the Lore Lindu National Park (TNLL) because it is situated in the TNLL area. Lore Lindu National Park is located in the Wallacea area with high level diversity especially for the bird diversity. The existence of TNLL has an important role as habitat for 80% of Sulawesi endemic birds. This study aimed to determine the diversity of birds in the Lindu Enclave. Data was collected using PIA (Point Index of Abundance) method with 14 observation points which were scattered in two villages: Tomado Village and Anca Village. The results of bird watching analysis showed that as many as 51 species of birds from 25 families were found in the Lindu Enclave. Out of 51 birds, there were 14 species categorized in the protected birds and 15 species were endemic birds. Out of 15 species endemic bird, 4 species were categorized in the protected bird species. The most common bird species was intermediate egret (Egretta intermedia), as many as 86 individuals. Bird diversity index in Lindu Enclave area was 3.23 that categorized on the high diversity level.Keywords: Lindu Enclave, biophysical, bird diversity, Lore Lindu National ParkAbstrakKawasan Enclave Lindu merupakan daerah yang tidak dapat dipisahkan dari Taman Nasional Lore Lindu (TNLL) karena letaknya yang berada di dalam kawasan TNLL. Taman Nasional Lore Lindu berada dalam kawasan Wallacea dengan tingkat keanekaragaman hayati yang tinggi khususnya jenis burung. Keberadaan TNLL mempunyai peranan yang penting sebagai habitat burung karena 80% burung endemik Sulawesi terdapat di kawasan  ini. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui keanekaragaman jenis burung di kawasan Enclave Lindu. Pengambilan data menggunakan metode IPA (Indeks Point of Abundance) dengan 14 titik pengamatan yang tersebar di dua desa yaitu Desa Tomado dan Desa Anca. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sebanyak 51 jenis burung dari 25 famili berhasil ditemukan di kawasan Enclave Lindu. Dari 51 jenis burung tersebut, terdapat 14 jenis yang termasuk dalam jenis burung dilindungi dan 15 jenis burung endemik. Dari 15 jenis burung endemik tersebut terdapat 4 jenis burung yang termasuk dalam jenis burung yang dilindungi. Jenis burung yang paling umum ditemukan adalah Kuntul perak (Egretta intermedia), sebanyak 86 individu. Indeks keanekaragaman jenis burung di kawasan Enclave Lindu adalah 3,23 dengan tingkat keanekaragaman yang tergolong tinggi.Kata kunci: Enclave Lindu, biofisik, keanekaragaman burung, Taman Nasional Lore Lindu
Perbandingan Metode Ekstraksi DNA Collocalia fuciphaga Secara Manual dan Kit dari Berbagai Sumber Material Genetik Hendra -; Cellica Riyanto; Aditya Fendy Heryanto; Pramana Yuda
Biota : Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-Ilmu Hayati Vol 18, No 2 (2013): June 2013
Publisher : Universitas Atma Jaya Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24002/biota.v18i2.394

Abstract

AbstractThe aim of this research was to compare DNA extraction protocols of PCE and extraction kit using different genetic material sources of blood and feathers. Three different extraction buffers of PCE method were used. This study suggested that PCE method was more efficient than the extraction kit method. Meanwhile, extraction buffer of Bello was more efficient for extracting DNA from feather, while extraction buffer of Khosravinia was more efficient for extracting DNA from blood. Wing feather was a suitable sample as genetic source for DNA extraction.Keywords: DNA extraction, phenol-chloroform, Collocalia fuciphagaAbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan membandingkan metode PCE dengan kit ekstraksi dalam mengekstrak DNA berbagai material sumber genetik, yaitu darah dan bulu Collocalia fuciphaga. Ekstraksi metode PCE menggunakan tiga jenis buffer yang berbeda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstraksi DNA menggunakan metode PCE lebih efisien dibandingkan kit ekstraksi. Buffer ekstraksi Bello lebih efisien untuk ekstraksi DNA sampel bulu, sedangkan buffer ekstraksi Khosravinia lebih efisien untuk ekstraksi DNA sampel darah. Penelitian ini juga menunjukkan bulu sayap merupakan sumber genetik yang paling baik untuk ekstraksi DNA.   Kata kunci: ekstraksi DNA, phenol-chloroform, Collocalia fuciphaga
Komposisi Jenis dan Struktur Tumbuhan Bawah pada Hutan Tanaman Jati Bertumbuhan Ketela Pohon di KPH Ngawi, Jawa Timur Soewarno Hasanbahri; Djoko Marsono; Suryo Hardiwinoto; Ronggo Sadono
Biota : Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-Ilmu Hayati Vol 18, No 2 (2013): June 2013
Publisher : Universitas Atma Jaya Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24002/biota.v18i2.395

Abstract

AbstractThe existence of Cassava under the Teak stand, in Ngawi Forest District, have change the undergrowth species composition and their ecological structure. Based on the research results of the different age class of teak plantation forest (II – V) could be concluded that the species composition of undergrowth tend to decrease either species number or individual number of each species. Only 4 species from 21 species of undergrowth that were found in all of the research compartments those are Hoplismenus burmani, Clitoria ternatea, Eupatorium odoratum and Synedrela nudiflora; and their distribution were horizontally aggregated. For vertical structure of the undergrowth community were not different for each compartment with Cassava. The nutrients rate information of the soil under teak stand with cassava showed low enough.Key words: Undergrowth, cassava, ecological structure, teak standAbstrakKeberadaan tanaman Ketela pohon di bawah tegakan hutan tanaman Jati di KPH Ngawi telah mengakibatkan terjadinya perubahan komposisi jenis tumbuhan bawah dan struktur ekologisnya. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian pada petak hutan tanaman Jati dengan kelas umur yang berbeda (KU II-V) dapat disimpulkan bahwa komposisi jenis tumbuhan bawah cenderung menurun baik dalam jumlah jenis maupun jumlah individu setiap jenis. Hanya ada 4 jenis dari 21 jenis tumbuhan bawah yang dijumpai dari seluruh petak hutan tanaman Jati yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini, yaitu Hoplismenus burmani, Clitoria ternatea, Eupatorium odoratum dan Synedrela nudiflora; dan sebaran horizontalnya mengelompok. Untuk struktur vertikal komunitas tumbuhan bawah pada petak hutan tanaman Jati bertumbuhan Ketela pohon ternyata tidak jauh berbeda antara satu petak dengan petak yang lainnya dari kelas umur yang berbeda. Kandungan hara dalam tanah dibawah tegakan hutan tanaman Jati bertumbuhan Ketela pohon berada pada tingkat yang rendah.Kata kunci: Tumbuhan bawah, ketela pohon, struktur ekologis, tegakan Jati  

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