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CHEMICA Jurnal Teknik Kimia
Published by Universitas Ahmad Dahlan
ISSN : 2355875X     EISSN : 23558776     DOI : 10.26555
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Energy
CHEMICA Jurnal Teknik Kimia ISSN, 2355-875X (print) 2355-8776 (online) is a journal that publishes manuscripts or scientific papers in Chemical Engineering. The scope of this journal covers chemical reaction techniques, separation, optimization, process control, process system engineering, waste treatment, food and material technology. Journals are published in print and online twice a year, in June and December by Chemical Engineering Program, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Universitas Ahmad Dahlan Yogyakarta.
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Articles 7 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "Vol 10, No 1 (2023): April 2023" : 7 Documents clear
Production of Activated Carbon by Activation of Tamarind (Tamarindus Indica) Wood Charcoal Erna Astuti; Zahrul Mufrodi; Shinta Amelia; Muhammad Imam Zulfi; Firdaus Ramadhani
CHEMICA: Jurnal Teknik Kimia Vol 10, No 1 (2023): April 2023
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26555/chemica.v10i1.25260

Abstract

Tamarind or Tamarindus indica is a plant originating from Asia and Africa. Tamarind wood has high cellulose that could be activated into activated carbon and modified to become a catalyst from its ingredient nature. This study aims to find optimum conditions for producing activated carbon from tamarind charcoal. Research on the activation of tamarind charcoal begins with reducing the size of charcoal. Then the charcoal was sieved to obtain 40, 60, and 60 mesh charcoal sizes. Furthermore, the charcoal was soaked in HCl (1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 M) for 1 hour, after which it was filtered, and the pH of the charcoal was neutralized by washing using distilled water. The final step is to dry activated carbon in an oven at 105 ºC. Then, the performance of activated carbon is sought by using activated carbon to adsorb dyes in a dye solution. The concentration of the dye solution before and after being adsorbed with activated carbon was measured by UV-vis spectrophotometry at a wavelength of 560 nm.  Adsorption effectiveness is measured. The greatest effectiveness value obtained was 82.31%. Optimum conditions for activating carbon from tamarind charcoal were obtained by activating 60 mesh of carbon using a hydrochloric acid solution of 4 M. The use of activated carbon at different concentrations of dye solutions produces the same optimum conditions. It is proven that activated carbon can be produced from tamarind charcoal.  Tamarind charcoal can be used as an adsorbent material.
Kinetics of 4-Nitrophenol Reduction with Black Tea Extract Conjugated Silver Nanoparticle Catalyst Rokiy Alfanaar; Yuyun Yuniati; Devi Natalia; Rasidah Rasidah; Lilis Rosmainar; Pandu Gizta Rapi Paksi; Mulani Jeni Lestari Tampubolon
CHEMICA: Jurnal Teknik Kimia Vol 10, No 1 (2023): April 2023
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26555/chemica.v10i1.25404

Abstract

The 4-nitrophenol reduction process is one of the slow methods. One way to increase the rate of 4-nitrophenol reduction reactions is to use a catalyst. In this study, the catalyst used was silver nanoparticles conjugated by black tea extract. The stages that have been carried out in research are the synthesis of conjugated silver nanoparticles of black tea extract, the determination of the kinetic profile of 4-nitrophenol reduction, and the study of the influence of inorganic anions on the reduction of 4-nitrophenol with the presence of silver nanoparticle catalysts. The presence of conjugated silver nanoparticles of black tea extract has been shown to increase the kinetics of the degradation reaction of 4-nitrophenol compounds to 85 times compared to without nanoparticles, by changing the value of the reaction rate constant from 0.00006 to 0.0051. The presence of inorganic anions provides information on the decrease in the rate of reduction reactions of 4-nitrophenol.
Synthesis and Thermal Stability of Cassava Starch-Grafted Polyacrylamide Hydrogel by Microwave-Assisted Method Maudy Pratiwi Novia Matovanni; Sperisa Distantina; Mujtahid Kaavessina
CHEMICA: Jurnal Teknik Kimia Vol 10, No 1 (2023): April 2023
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26555/chemica.v10i1.25785

Abstract

Cassava starch-grafted polyacrylamide (CSt-g-PAM) hydrogels were generated by grafting cassava starch as the backbone, acrylamide as the monomer, and potassium peroxodisulfate as the initiator. In this work, we investigated the effect of monomer concentration and irradiation time on the thermal stability of CSt-g-PAM.  Cassava starch, acrylamide, and KPS were added to the distilled water, and microwaves were used to help with grafting. The grafting process was carried out using an irradiation-cooling cycle. The cycle was repeated until a gel was formed for 180 seconds (6 cycles). The gel formed was soaked in acetone until a precipitate formed. The precipitate obtained was dried in an oven at 50 ºC for 24 hours. The dried precipitated CSt-g-PAM was used in the characterization process. X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) was used to determine the crystalline structure of CSt-g-PAM. The thermogravimetric (TGA) study of CSt-g-PAM revealed its thermal stability. The XRD spectra of  CSt-g-PAM revealed that the cassava starch backbone was effectively grafted with polyacrylamide. TGA showed that CSt-g-PAM has much higher thermal stability than native cassava starch. The greatest performance was obtained by preparing CSt-g-PAM with 10 g of acrylamide and 180 s irradiation time, as evidenced by the highest percentage of residual weight in the TGA findings. The thermal stability features of CSt-g-PAM make it interesting for use in EOR applications.
Comparison of Antioxidant Activity and Phytochemical Screening of Fresh and Dried Moringa oliefera L. Tea Melania Priska; Natalia Peni; Yosephina Payu Wao
CHEMICA: Jurnal Teknik Kimia Vol 10, No 1 (2023): April 2023
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26555/chemica.v10i1.25695

Abstract

The world is being hit by a new variant of Covid-19, namely Omicron. The Omicron variant is easily dispersed from the previous variant. To prevent transmission of this variant, people need to increase their body's resistance by consuming foods and drinks rich in antioxidants. Moringa leaf tea can be an alternative drink rich in antioxidants to increase endurance and prevent the speed of transmission of the Omicron variant of Covid-19. This study analyzes the presence or absence of secondary metabolites and antioxidant activity in fresh and dry moringa tea. Secondary metabolite compounds were tested using phytochemical screening, which included testing for alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolics, saponins, tannins, steroids, terpenoids, and glycosides, while for antioxidant activity, the DPPH method was used. Based on the test results, the two types of tea did not have antioxidant activity because the IC50 value was more than 250 ppm, namely 868.72 ppm for fresh moringa tea and 2851.67 ppm for dry moringa tea. However, when compared between fresh and dry moringa tea, both have an IC50 value of 1:3 ratio, where the IC50 value of fresh moringa tea is three times lower than that of dried moringa tea. In addition, the results of the phytochemical screening of the two types of tea were positive for several secondary metabolites, namely flavonoids, alkaloids, and saponins.
Tempeh Manufacturing Liquid Waste Treatment Using Alum Coagulant With Variation of Coagulant Weight Winda Rohmah Shoffianti; Dila Argatiningtyas; Agus Aktawan; Imam Santosa; Mar’atul Husna
CHEMICA: Jurnal Teknik Kimia Vol 10, No 1 (2023): April 2023
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26555/chemica.v10i1.25270

Abstract

So far, liquid waste from the tempe industry has yet to be utilized and is only disposed of in sewers to the environment. The liquid waste from tempe consists of soluble proteins from soybeans, which can give rise to a sour smell, and there are tiny particles that settle, so it is necessary to treat the waste before it is discharged into the environment. Alum is one of the coagulants that can be used to treat liquid waste. This research contributes to determining the effect of alum as a coagulant in tempe industrial wastewater to obtain optimal results. The optimum results in question are an increase in DO levels and a decrease in COD and TSS levels in the tempe industrial wastewater so that the resulting conditions are not dangerous if the waste is disposed of into the environment. The variables observed in this study were pH, DO, COD, and TSS comparing each variable. The variable used in this study was the weight of the alum coagulant with a stirring speed of 300 rpm for 90 minutes and standing for 24 hours. In this study, there is a correlation of variations in coagulant weight. The optimum results obtained were from 100 ml of waste. The optimum DO value produced was 8.4 mg/L at an interpretation of 10 grams of coagulant weight. The optimum COD concentration obtained was 18612.5 mg/L at a variation of 20 grams of coagulant weight. The optimum TSS concentration obtained was 102 mg/L with 25 grams of coagulant weight variation.
Extraction Of Flavonoid, Phenolic, And Saponin In Shallot Skin (Allium Cepa Var. Aggregatum) For Antibacterial Application Muhammad Triyogo Adiwibowo; Shintasya Tiara Firliyani; Nurul Ma'rifah; Nufus Kanani; Wardalia Wardalia; Alia Badra Pitaloka; Marta Pramudita
CHEMICA: Jurnal Teknik Kimia Vol 10, No 1 (2023): April 2023
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26555/chemica.v10i1.23425

Abstract

Shallot skin (Allium cepa var. aggregatum) contains secondary metabolites of flavonoid, phenolic, and saponin that can be antibacterial. This research was conducted by extracting the shallot skin using maceration and ultrasound-assisted methods with 3, 5, and 7 days for maceration extraction and 10, 20, and 30 minutes for ultrasonication-assisted extraction (UAE). The extract was then tested for phytochemical screening and analysis of its flavonoid, phenolic, and saponin levels. Three extracts with the best secondary metabolite compounds were then tested for the inhibitory power of the extracts against Escherichia coli through the diffusion method. The results showed that shallot skin extract contained flavonoid and phenolic compounds but not saponin. Based on the analysis of the levels of these compounds using UV-Vis spectrophotometry, three extracts with the highest flavonoid and phenolic content were obtained from maceration extraction for seven days, the UAE method for 20 minutes, and the UAE extraction method for 30 minutes. The extract using the UAE method has relatively higher flavonoid and phenolic content (6.93 and 2.59 ppm, respectively) than the extract using the maceration method (5.48 and 2.46 ppm, respectively), which is also considered more efficient in terms of time. A preliminary antibacterial activity test showed antibacterial activity in the shallot skin.
Pineapple Leaves (Ananas Comosus) Ca-Alginate Immobilized as Adsorbent For Removal of Rhodamine B Dye Intan Lestari; Nelson Nelson; Damris M; Najlia Dinnisa Syawabilla
CHEMICA: Jurnal Teknik Kimia Vol 10, No 1 (2023): April 2023
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26555/chemica.v10i1.25791

Abstract

Rhodamine B dye is one of the dye wastes from the textile dyeing industry. One way that can be done for dealing with pollution of the aquatic environment by the presence of this dye is adsorption. This study aims to adsorption of Rho B dye using Ca-alginate immobilized pineapple leaves. Immobilization of pineapple leaves with alginate aims to improve adsorbent performance, mechanical strength, and adsorption capacity. Pine apple leaf Ca-alginate immobilized adsorbents were characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) instruments. Ca-alginate immobilized pineapple leaf adsorbent was used adsorption of Rho B dye by studying several adsorption parameters such as the effect of pH, contact time, mass of adsorbent, stirring speed, and concentration of Rho B dye. The optimum adsorption conditions parameters were obtained at pH 3, contact time during 90 minutes, agitation speed of 150 rpm, the adsorbent mass of 0.1 gram, and Rho B concentration of 80 mg/L with a maximum adsorption capacity of 8.964 mg/g.

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