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INDONESIA
IJOG : Indonesian Journal on Geoscience
Published by Geological Agency of Indonesia
ISSN : 23559314     EISSN : 23559306     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science,
Earth & Planetary Sciences
The spirit to improve the journal to be more credible is increasing, and in 2012 it invited earth scientists in East and Southeast Asia as well as some western countries to join the journal for the editor positions in the Indonesia Journal of Geology. This is also to realize our present goal to internationalize the journal, The Indonesian Journal on Geoscience, which is open for papers of geology, geophysics, geochemistry, geodetics, geography, and soil science. This new born journal is expected to be published three times a year. As an international publication, of course it must all be written in an international language, in this case English. This adds difficulties to the effort to obtain good papers in English to publish although the credit points that an author will get are much higher.
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Articles 10 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 8 No. 3 (2021)" : 10 Documents clear
Vertical Electrical Sounding Exploration of Groundwater in Kertajati, Majalengka, West Java, Indonesia Gumilar Utamas Nugraha; Boy Yoseph CSSSA; Andi Agus Nur; Pulung Arya Pranantya; Lina Handayani; Rachmat Fajar Lubis; Hendra Bakti
Indonesian Journal on Geoscience Vol. 8 No. 3 (2021)
Publisher : Geological Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17014/ijog.8.3.359-369

Abstract

DOI:10.17014/ijog.8.3.359-369Continuously increasing population and progressive infrastructural development in the region of Kertajati International Airport, Indonesia, emphasize the need to develop a sustainable water supply network. Airport facilities require sufficient water resources, which can be obtained from surface water and groundwater. Groundwater exploration can provide necessary information for assessing water resources. The purpose of this study is to analyze the configuration of aquifers in the studied area. A Schlumberger array was used to carry out twelve vertical electrical soundings (VES) with AB/2 electrode spacing ranging from 1.5 m to 150 m. IPI2win software was used to qualitatively interpret the VES results and it suggested the presence of three distinct lithological units interpreted as clay, alluvial sand, and a Lower Quaternary formation. In general, resistivity values in the studied area can be divided into five resistivity categories: very low resistivity with values ranging from 1 Ωm to 10 Ωm, low resistivity with values ranging from 10 Ωm to 50 Ωm, medium resistivity with values ranging from 50 Ωm to 100 Ωm, high resistivity with values ranging from 100 Ωm to 200 Ωm, and very high resistivity with values > 200 Ωm. The geo-electric interpretation revealed three geo-electric layers: topsoil (1 - 144 Ω m), sand (1 - 298 Ω m), and clay (1 - 82 Ω m). Aquifers in the studied area are lithologically composed of sand. Clay is the dominant lithology in the studied area, so the presence of aquifers in this area is very limited, and thus the supply of groundwater is also limited. The exploitation of groundwater must be limited and controlled to maintain the sustainability of groundwater in the studied area.
Characterization of Reservoir Rocks of X Gas Field, Surma Basin, Bangladesh Afroza Parvin; Md Jamilur Rahman; Abdus Samad; A.S.M. Woobaidullah
Indonesian Journal on Geoscience Vol. 8 No. 3 (2021)
Publisher : Geological Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17014/ijog.8.3.417-426

Abstract

DOI:10.17014/ijog.8.3.417-426This paper deals with the rock physical analysis of primary reservoir rocks in the X gas field, which includes identifying the transition zone between mechanical and chemical compaction zones and the amount of cement in the reservoir rock. The analysis is performed by plotting different log data (Gamma-ray, density, neutron porosity, and sonic log) against depth, constructing the cross plot, and plotting of sonic and porosity logs with cement model. The transition zone, which is the boundary between mechanical and chemical compactions, indicates a sharp increase in density and a decrease in porosity with no lithological change at 2,576 m depth (Well-2). Among three gas sands, the upper gas sand and upper part of the middle gas sand are located within the mechanical compaction zone. The lower parts of the middle gas sand and lower gas sand are within the chemical compaction zone. Cement model analysis showed that the upper gas sand and upper part of the middle gas are composed of unconsolidated sand. In contrast, the lower part of middle gas sand and lower gas sand comprise of consolidated sand, having almost 2% contact cement.
Evaluation of Hydrocarbon Source Rock Potential and Organic Geochemistry in North Arafura Shelf, Papua (Indonesia) Eriko Sabra
Indonesian Journal on Geoscience Vol. 8 No. 3 (2021)
Publisher : Geological Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17014/ijog.8.3.401-416

Abstract

DOI:10.17014/ijog.8.3.401-416The results of this study identified two potential source rock intervals of Permian age in the North Arafura Shelf area of Papua, Indonesia. The first potential source rock interval (SR-1) was identified at 3834.9 m to 3838.6 m depth within the Kola-1 well, which is believed to be good to very good potential source rock with TOC in the range of 2.94 to 3.4 wt %, S1 0.78 to 0.97 mg HC/g, and S2 5.63 to 9.5 mg HC/g. The source rock is composed of type II and III kerogens with HI in the range of 164 to 275 mg HC/gTOC and reached the maturation stage with Ro of 0.83 - 0.86%, Tmax of 442 - 444 C, and Production Index (PI) of 0.09 - 0.12. The second potential source rock interval (SR-2) is at 3060.1 - 3136.3 m depth in the ASM-1X well and has fair potential to be source rock with TOC of 0.95 wt %, S1 of 1.01 mg HC/g, and S2 of 3.39 mg HC/g. This source rock has type II kerogen with a HI value of 357 mg HC/g TOC and has reached maturation as indicated by a Ro value of 0.63%, Tmax of 430 C, and PI of 0.23. Biomarker analysis revealed SR-1 is type III kerogen with terrigenous input and was deposited in an estuarine environment.
Interpretation of Magnetic Anomaly Data in the Andesitic Rock Prospect Area of Kutasari Subregency, Purbalingga Regency, Central Java, Indonesia Sehah Sehah; Sukmaji Anom Raharjo; Urip Nurwijayanto Prabowo; Dwi Setiawan Sutanto
Indonesian Journal on Geoscience Vol. 8 No. 3 (2021)
Publisher : Geological Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17014/ijog.8.3.345-357

Abstract

DOI:10.17014/ijog.8.3.345-357Interpretation of magnetic anomaly data has been carried out in the andesitic rock prospect area, Kutasari Subregency, Purbalingga Regency, Central Java, Indonesia. Geographically, this area is located within 109.2788° - 109.3072°E and 7.3032° - 7.3319°S. The study has been done in April – September 2019 with the purpose to map the distribution of andesitic rocks based on the local magnetic anomaly data. The data that are acquired in this study have the values ranging between -1,238.13 - 1,892.40 nT. The results of qualitative interpretation on the local magnetic anomaly data having been reduced to the pole show the distribution of strong anomalous sources in the northwest area interpreted as massive andesitic rocks. Whereas the results of quantitative interpretation through 2D-forward modeling on the local magnetic anomaly data show six anomalous bodies, with magnetic susceptibility values ranging from 0.0025 to 0.0350 cgs and depths range between 7.16 - 505.97 m. The highest magnetic susceptibility is 0.0350 cgs interpreted as a massive andesite intrusion forming a very dense dike; whereas the lowest magnetic susceptibility is 0.0025 cgs interpreted as undifferentiated igneous rocks, volcanic breccias, lava, and tuff. Based on the study results, the correlation between the results of qualitative and quantitative interpretations occurs.
A Simple But Effective Approach of Building Footprint Extraction in Topographic Mapping Acceleration Danang Budi Susetyo; Aldino Rizaldy; Mochamad Irwan Hariyono; Nugroho Purwono; Fahrul Hidayat; Rizka Windiastuti; Tia Rizka N. Rachma; Prayudha Hartanto
Indonesian Journal on Geoscience Vol. 8 No. 3 (2021)
Publisher : Geological Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17014/ijog.8.3.329-343

Abstract

DOI:10.17014/ijog.8.3.329-343Topographic mapping using stereo plotting is not effective, because it takes much time and labour-intensive. Thus, this research was conducted to find the effective way to extract building footprint for mapping acceleration from LiDAR data. Building extraction method in this process comprises four steps: ground/non-ground filtering, building classification, segmentation, and building extraction. Classification of ground and non-ground classes was performed using Adaptive-TIN Surface algorithm. Non-ground points from filtering process were classified as building with the algorithm based on multiscale local dimensionality to separate points at the maximum separability plane. Segmentation using segment growing was used to separate each building, so boundary detection could be conducted for each segment to create boundary of each building. Lastly, building extraction was conducted through three steps: boundary point detection, building delineation, and building regularization. With ten samples and step 0.5, classification resulted in quality and miss factor of 0.597 and 0.524, respectively. The quality was improved by segmentation process to 0.604, while miss factor was getting worse to 0.561. Meanwhile, on the average shape index value from extracted building had 0.02 difference, and the number of errors was 30% for the line segment comparison. Regarding positional accuracy using centroid accuracy assessment, this method could produce RMSE of 1.169 m.
Implementation of Seismic Ground Response Analysis in Estimating Liquefaction Potential in Northern Thailand Lindung Zalbuin Mase; Suched Likitlersuang
Indonesian Journal on Geoscience Vol. 8 No. 3 (2021)
Publisher : Geological Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17014/ijog.8.3.371-383

Abstract

DOI:10.17014/ijog.8.3.371-383It has been known that northern Thailand is an active tectonic region in Southeast Asia. Some earthquakes with low to medium magnitudes had occurred in northern Thailand. The Mw6.1 Mae Lao Earthquake occurred on May 5th, 2014 in Chiang Rai Province. The earthquake also resulted in the unique phenomenon of ground failure, which was known as liquefaction. Learning from the event, the liquefaction potential based on seismic ground response analysis was performed. Several site investigations including standard penetration test and seismic down-hole test in Chiang Rai Province were carried out. The next generation attenuation model was conducted to generate the ground motion for nonlinear seismic response analysis. The peak ground acceleration at the ground surface from seismic ground response analysis was used to analyze the empirical analysis of liquefaction potential. The results show that liquefaction could occur at the investigated locations during the earthquake. The results also confirm the liquefaction evidence found in Chiang Rai Province during the Mw 6.1 Mae Lao Earthquake. This research can help the people to consider the earthquake impacts to northern Thailand.
Estimation of Heat Flow Using a Bottom Simulating Reflection Based on 3D Seismic Data, West Africa Anh Ngoc Le
Indonesian Journal on Geoscience Vol. 8 No. 3 (2021)
Publisher : Geological Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17014/ijog.8.3.297-311

Abstract

DOI:10.17014/ijog.8.3.297-311A Bottom Simulating Reflection (BSR) has been identified using 3D seismic data from the Cameroon continental slope margin. The BSR covers an area of c. 350 km2 in water depths ranging between 940 m to 1,750 m across an area characterized by high- and low-gradient slopes, gullies, scours, and fans. The thickness of the Gas Hydrate Stability Zone (GHSZ) is ~100 - 250 m, assuming an average velocity of 1,800 m/s. Pockmarks are intensively developed across the slope and most of them are observed in the BSR area. Geothermal estimation is based on hydrate stability conditions for pure methane - seawater system, hydrostatic pressure model, and a range of P-wave velocity models for the GHSZ, ranging from 1,600 -1,800 to 2,000 - 2,200 m/s. Geothermal gradient is calculated showing the range and distribution of thermal gradients in the BSR area from 0.046 C/m to 0.094 oC/m with assumed GHSZ velocity of 1,800 m/s. Thermal gradient anomalies have been observed in association with gullies, vertically stacked channels and in some individual pockmarks. The highest anomalies of 0.08 C/m – 0.094 C/m are found in the depression areas of pockmark trains, within seafloor gullies. These positive anomalies are most likely controlled by active or recently active fluid advection and expulsion through the Cameroon slope.
The Application of Parametric and Nonparametric Regression to Predict The Missing Well Log Data Mordekhai Mordekhai; Izzul Qudsi; John Papilon Steven Guntoro
Indonesian Journal on Geoscience Vol. 8 No. 3 (2021)
Publisher : Geological Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17014/ijog.8.3.385-399

Abstract

DOI:10.17014/ijog.8.3.385-399Incomplete well log data are very commonly encountered problems in petroleum exploration activity. The development of artificial intelligence technology offers a new possible way to predict the required logs using limited information available. Optimizing conventional statistical theory, machine learning is proven to be a reliable tool for any prediction task in many fields of study. Regression is one of the basic methods that has rapid development and evolved many techniques with different approaches and purposes. In this study, parametric and nonparametric regressions {linear regression, Support Vector Machine (SVM), and Gaussian Process Regression (GPR)} are compared to predict the missing log using the available nearby data. Feature selection was done by performing Principal Component Analysis (PCA) on predictor variables. Different profile of PCA is observed between Cibulakan and Parigi Formations, which is the basis of conducting separate models based on the formation. Among all the selected methods, GPR is consistently making slightly better results. The correlation between the predicted and actual porosity of GPR is observed to be up to 0.19 higher compared to the other methods. Similar observation is also found on the Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE) value comparison. In practice, the GPR method has an inherent advantage compared to other methods, as it provides uncertainty to the prediction based on the standard deviation of each estimation result. The standard deviation of the GPR prediction ranges from 0.006 in high confidence cases and up to 0.077 where uncertainty is high. The models are considered robust and stable according to the RMSE evaluation from cross validation which is consistently giving the value below 0.04. In conclusion, the reliability of regression techniques for predicting the missing well log is exposed in this study, which results demonstrate steady and good accuracy in every formation which are tested on any well logs.
Documentation, Analysis and Reconstruction of the Paleo-landuse of Wadi Musa with Special Reference to the Nabataean Period: A Geomatic Study based on Archaeological Evidence Mohammmad Al Farajat; Saad Twaissi; Mahmoud B Al Hasanat; Abdulla Al-Rawabdeh; Hani Al Falahat; Emad Hijazeen; Ekhlas Al Eide
Indonesian Journal on Geoscience Vol. 8 No. 3 (2021)
Publisher : Geological Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17014/ijog.8.3.427-441

Abstract

DOI:10.17014/ijog.8.3.427-441Archaeologists and historians throughout time have relied mainly on textual, architectural, and art-historical analyses to understand the historical context of civilizations. This traditional approach has been challenged, however, by the current new practices in archaeological studies, which tend to rely on more scientific methods (e.g. information systems) to understand the wider context of the socio-cultural aspects of past societies. For example, the Nabataean studies, which for more than seventeen decades after the rediscovery of Petra in 1812, are based on the art historical analysis of the rock-cut facades of the the city of Petra. The wider story of the socio-cultural, political, and economic aspects of the Nabataean culture is still not well understood. Just recently archaeological research was undertaken to improve the understanding of the Nabaatean phenomenon from outside Petra. This paper discusses this new attempt to investigate the spatial organization and land use of Wadi Musa during the Nabataean period based on GIS analysis and new archaeological discoveries. Utilizing GIS in discovering historical phenomena provides a new perspective for analysis, whereby structures are treated not as individual archaeological items but rather as a system. This paper also presents a case study that demonstrates the significance of using GIS for historical research by shedding light on the temporal variation of Wadi Musa settlements with special focus on the paleo-landuse of the Nabatean period. The resulting reconstructed map indicates that Wadi Musa was well planned with special zones for elite residents, industry, rural communities, and agriculture. Social segregation/stratification is also well indicated in the plan of the city. The reconstructed map indicates that the strategy for Nabataean land use for Wadi Musa was to use it as a green zone around the city of Gaia.
Landslide Potential Investigation for Disaster Risk Reduction in Central Bengkulu Regency, Bengkulu Province, Indonesia Arif Ismul Hadi; Refrizon Refrizon; Muchammad Farid; Budi Harlianto; Julia Inti Sari
Indonesian Journal on Geoscience Vol. 8 No. 3 (2021)
Publisher : Geological Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17014/ijog.8.3.313-328

Abstract

DOI:10.17014/ijog.8.3.313-328Bengkulu Province is the converging path region between the Indo-Australian - Eurasian tectonic plates in the ocean and the Sumatran f ault crossing on the mainland. The condition implies that the sliding force of the slab is easy to trigger fractures and to cause the material to be relatively less elastic, resulting in high seismic intensity. This study aims to identify areas with the potential for landslides and its mapping, and to analyze the factors that cause landslides in Central Bengkulu Regency, Bengkulu Province, Indonesia. This study was conducted using rock physical parameters of ground shear strain (GSS) which were correlated with parameters of slope, slope height, Vs30 value, fault distance to measurement point, rock conditions, rainfall, and PGA value. Furthermore, these parameters were overlaid thoroughly by the statistical method of the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). Data acquisition is divided into two stages, namely the secondary data collection stage and the field survey stage. Secondary data collection was carried out to support the creation of landslide potential maps, analysis, and field survey data input. Secondary data is the value of Vs 30, the distance of the fault to the measurement point, rainfall, and the PGA value. Field survey data are in the form of GSS values, slope, slope height, and rock conditions. The results of this study are identified areas that have the category of high, medium, and low landslide potential. Based on the calculated parameters, the GSS parameter is the most dominant which affects the landslide potential in the studied area.

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