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INDONESIA
Medical Journal of Indonesia
Published by Universitas Indonesia
ISSN : 08531773     EISSN : 22528083     DOI : 10.13181
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology
This quarterly medical journal is an official scientific journal of the Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia in collaboration with German-Indonesian Medical Association (DIGM) Indexed in: IMSEAR; CAB Abstracts; Global Health; HINARI; DOAJ; DRJI; Google Scholar; JournalTOCs; Ulrichsweb Global Serial Directory; WorldCat; New Jour; Electronic Journals Library; ISJD Accredited (2013-2018) by DIKTI Kemendikbud Republik Indonesia (No:58/DIKTI/Kep/2013)
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Articles 10 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 11 No. 4 (2002): October-December" : 10 Documents clear
Lowering blood pressure effect of Apium graviolens (seledri) and Orthosipleon stamineus benth (kumis kucing) in mild and moderate hypertension
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 11 No. 4 (2002): October-December
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.v11i4.73

Abstract

In Indonesia Apium graviolens and Orthosiphon stamineus benth have been used to as traditional medicines to lower blood pressure. Since at present time is avaiLable as a combination of those phytopharmaca in the market, therefore, it is necessary to conduct a study to evaLtnte the ffictivity and side effects of those phytopharmaca toward hypertensive subjects. A randomized double blind conftolled trial was conducted at area of Monica - Jakarta in South of Jalarta from July-untiL 29 October 2001 toward mild and moderate hypertensive subjects. The first group (72 subjects) received phytophanmaca (Tensigard® which contains Apium graviolens and Orthosiphon stamineus benth) 3 x 250 mg, whiLe the second grottp (70 subjects) had Amlodipine I x 5 mg. Obseruation were conducted for 12 weelcs, and the parameter observed wère systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP), plasma lipid, blood glucose before and after treatment, and electrolyte with nvo week intervals. The Resuhs revealed that the phytopharmaca treatment for 12 weel<s lowered SBP and DBP equivalent to Amlodipine (SBP 24.72 t 1.63 mm4g vs 26.27 + 2.18 mmHg; P > 0,05; DBP 10.00 t0.96 mmHg vs 9.49 t 1.37 ntmHg; P> 0.05). Phytopharmaca treatment for 12 weel<s did not influence plasma eLectolyte, as well blood glucose Levels. There was not asignificant side effects noted for both phytopharmaca and Amlodipine during the study period. [n conclusion, the trial reveals that the phytophnrmaca lowered systolic and diastolic blood pressure equivalent with Amlodipine among mild and moderate hypertensive subjects. During the study period there was not a significant side effect noted. (Med J Indones 2002; 11: 195-201)Keywords: blood pressure, phytopharmaca, side effect, plasma electrolytes
Comparative study between aspirin to acenocoumarol in regressing spontaneous echo contrast in mitral stenosis
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 11 No. 4 (2002): October-December
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.v11i4.74

Abstract

Mitral stenosis is one of the most often valvular disease in Division of Cardiology, M. Hoesin hospital, Palembang, and there was strong evidence of thromboembolic phenomenon in mitral stenosis (MS) patients. Many studies evaluated the spontaneous echo contrast (SEC) that was regarded as a precursor of thrombo embolic phenomenon. So far there were controversies regarding how to regress spontaneous echo contrast. A randomized double blind controlled study was done on 22 MS patients with positive SEC, receiving either aspirin 100 mg or acenocoumarol 1 mg and followed up after 4 weeks. There was 100 % regression of SEC in acenocoumarol group that consisted of 40% regression from severe SEC to mild, and 60% complete resolution. In aspirin group there was no resolution of SEC. In acenocoumarol group, 2 of 4 thrombus totally disappeared while the rest was reduced in size. On the other hand, in aspirin group, after 4 weeks, the patients with thrombus was increased from 3 to 4 patients. In conclusion, four week therapy with acenocoumarol 1 mg is effective and save in regressing spontaneous echo contrast and thrombus in mitral stenosis patients without any significant change in hemodynamics. (Med J Indones 2002; 11: 202-7)Keywords: thrombus, thromboembolic phenomenon, transthoracal, esophageal, echocardiography
Double blind, placebo-controlled trial of Tranexamic acid on recent internal hemorrhoid bleeding
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 11 No. 4 (2002): October-December
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.v11i4.75

Abstract

Double blind randomized placebo controlled trial was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of Tranexamic acid in 54 patients with recent hemorrhoid bleeding. Age, gender, body weight, height, grade of hemorrhoid, time of onset of recent bleeding were comparable between two groups. Analysis of haemostatic effect or stop bleeding as an immediate outcome of this study revealed that in the grade 2 patients, 23/23 (100%) of tranexamic group and 18/23(78.26%) of placebo group the bleeding stop. After 3 days of observation, there was statistically significant different for the rate of stop bleeding as well as at the end of observation. Bleeding stop earlier in the Tranexamic group with median 4 days (3-5 days), compare to placebo, median 11(9.55-12.45). Analysis of recurrent bleeding as an outcome of this study revealed that in the placebo group 9/18(50%) of grade 2 patients and all grade 3 (100%)patients suffered from recurrent bleeding. Since the days 4, both group have significant different time for recurrent bleeding and at the end of observation, cumulative probability of free of bleeding between two groups significantly different. Median still stop bleeding in the placebo group was 36 days, and the tranexamic group never reaches the median until the end of observation. Conclusion: tranexamic acid was an effective drug to stop recent hemorrhoid bleeding and prevent further recurrent bleeding, significantly better than placebo. (Med J Indones 2002;11: 215-21)Keywords: Tranexamic acid, hemorrhoid bleeding, haemostatic effect, recurrent bleeding.
Effect of smoking on Pulse Wave Velocity in different arterial segments
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 11 No. 4 (2002): October-December
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.v11i4.76

Abstract

Pulse wave velocity (PWV) was recorded in different arterial segments in 25 male nonsmokers and compared with age and sex matched smokers before and after smoking. Blood pressure (BP), Heart rate (HR) and PWV were comparable between nonsmokers and smokers before smoking. Just after cigarette smoking there was rise in HR, BP and PWV in Aorta to Radial (Ao-Rad), and femoral to Dorsalis Pedis (Fem-Dp) arterial segments, but the PWV was reduced in Aorta to Femoral (Ao-Fem) arterial segment, indicating that both peripheral and central arterial segments show different response to smoking. (Med J Indones 2002; 11: 207-10)Keywords: smoking, pulse wave velocity
Survival of borderline tumors of the ovary and its prognostic factors at Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo hospital from 1990 to 1999
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 11 No. 4 (2002): October-December
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.v11i4.77

Abstract

Sixty-two patients with borderline tumors of ovary were historical cohort analyzed for survival characteristics. There were 9 patients with FIGO stage IA, 9 with stage IC, 3 with stage IIIA, 2 with stage IIIB, 4 with stage IIIC, 1 with stage IV and 34 with inadequate stage tumors. Twenty one patients had surgical staging with radical surgery, 10 patient had at least a total abdominal hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, 6 patient had surgical staging with conservative surgery, 24 patient had at least a unilateral salphingo-oophorectomy or ovarian cystectomy and 1 patient had biopsy. Sixteen patients received cisplatin-based combination chemotherapy, that were 8 with inadequate stage tumors, 7 with stage III tumors and 1 with stage IV tumor. Follow-up range from 0.02 to 10.48 years, with a median of 3.5 years. Fifty nine patient were alive. Three patients died, all of disease. Recurrence were found in 4 patients. The overall 2-years survival rate was 96% and 10-years survival rate was 94%. In log rank test, residual disease and histology type were significant predictor of survival. (Med J Indones 2002; 11:222-9)Keywords: borderline tumors of ovary, survival
The influence of smoking cessation, regular physical exercise and/or physical activity on survival: a 13 years cohort study of the Indonesian population in Jakarta
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 11 No. 4 (2002): October-December
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.v11i4.78

Abstract

Preventing atherosclerosis with smoking cessation, regular physical exercise and/or physical activity known as SOK (S-top/ no S-moking, sp-O-rt/ physical exercise, wor-K/ physical activity) is a simple preventive measure, which can be applied in the community. To determine the role of SOK on survival, to create cardiovascular risk score for Indonesian patients and to have a special formula to predict survival. A historical cohort study over thirteen years recruited from the subpopulation MONICA patients who resided at three districts of South Jakarta. Patients were divided into two groups, those with SOK and those without (non-SOK group). Assessment included complete history including cardiovascular risk factors (hypertension, diabetic, hyperlipidemia, obesity), physical examination, laboratory examination, twelve-lead ECG recording and level of physical activity/exercise. Outcomes included survival rate and all-cause of mortality. Statistical analysis included kappa statistic and various survival analyses. 479 participants were included in the SOK study. Mean age 46 years (range 25-64), 56% female. Cardiovascular mortality rate (including stroke) was 1.2% per year and 42.9% of mortality caused by heart disease. Survival rate was higher in SOK group compared with non-SOK (95.7% vs 81.1%) with Hazard Ratio (HR) 0.2 for SOK group (95% CI 0.08-0.57, p=0.002) In relation to the cardiovascular mortality rate: 1) any physical activity/exercise (OK) vs no-OK will lower the risk; low-OK (HR 0.4, p=0.003), medium-OK (HR 0.32, p=0.004), high-OK (HR 0.000, p=0.000) 2) Smoking will increase the risk vs non-smoking (HR 4.99, p=0,000). For predicting the cardiovascular events in ten-year time (CV10), we formulated the Jakarta Cardiovascular Score. The score was divided into low-risk (-7-1) with CV10 <10%, average-risk (2-4) with CV10 = 10-20%, high-risk (score > 5) with CV10 >20%. Smoking cessation, regular physical exercise and/or physical activity is an effective method to reduce cardiovascular death, thus enhances the survival. We formulated a simple method to predict cardiovascular events in our community known as the Jakarta Cardiovascular Score. (Med J Indones 2002; 11: 230-41)Keywords: smoking, physical activity, survival, Jakarta cardiovascular score.
Intelligence level in children with cerebral palsy (CP) at YPAC Medan
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 11 No. 4 (2002): October-December
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.v11i4.79

Abstract

Children with cerebral palsy has been investigated at YPAC (Yayasan Pembinaan Anak Cacat / Institute for Crippled Children) Medan to obtain the detailed description of patient’s intelligence level referring to cerebral palsy types and to determine the relationship between palsy types and mental retardation level as well as to relate cerebral palsy types and sex. The study is cross-sectionally conducted involving all cerebral palsy patients listed in registration book of YPAC Policlinic Medan from July 1987 to June 1998. Of 74 patients participated in the study, all had IQ under average and 62% them were female. The most common type is spastic (65%), followed by mixed (16%), dyskinetic (11%) and hypotonic (8%), respectively. Overall, the mixed type had severe mental retardation. Statistically, there is a significant relationship between cerebral palsy types and mental retardation level (p < 0.001). There is no significant relationship between cerebral palsy types and sex. (Med J Indones 2002; 11: 242-5)Keywords: cerebral palsy, intelligence level, children with CP
Impact of Hormone Replacement Therapy on stroke, and dementia due to Alzheimer’s disease on menopausal women
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 11 No. 4 (2002): October-December
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.v11i4.80

Abstract

As a result of estrogen deficiency in menopausal women various health problems occur. Disorders of central nervous system such as stroke and dementia due to Alzheimer’s disease are frequently encountered in menopausal women. Estrogen plays an important role in the maintenance of the dense network of neural fibres connecting one nerve cell to another, and in the synaptic activity facilitating cognitive thought and memory. Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) reduced the risk of stroke by 30 % and a reduction of 60 % in risk of stroke mortality. The HRT influence cognitive functioning in menopausal women and may reduce the risk of developing dementia. Women who received HRT performed better on several tests of memory and logical reasoning than women taking placebo. Vaginal bleeding episodes constitute the major cause of women’s dissatisfaction with combined HRT. (Med J Indones 2002; 11: 246-9). Keywords: HRT, menopause, memory, cognitive function, vaginal bleeding
Music as a complementary therapy in medical treatment
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 11 No. 4 (2002): October-December
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.v11i4.81

Abstract

Music can act not only as a source of enjoyable sound that gives pleasant feeling, but also a source of healing. Music as a therapy has developed, supported by many researches conducted by experts in music, education and medicine. The impact of music therapy can be observed in many case studies, showing the positive effects of music to the betterment of human’s neuro-behavior, emotional and physical states. Some reasons to use music as a therapy are: toget audioanalgesic response, to focus attention, to reinforce learning, to enhance interpersonal relationships, and to promote mind-body health in the medical staff. The use of music to help patients with non-infectious diseases such as Alzheimer disease, autism, cancer, headache, heart disease and stroke are described along with experiments and case studies on these diseases. However controversies around music therapy occurred. Therefore, more experiments need to be taken in order to clear the controversies and to use music as a therapy in the present and future medical treatment. (Med J Indones 2002; 11: 250-7).Keywords: therapeutic effect, music therapy, Alzheimer, autism, cancer, stroke
The level of C.pneumoniae, Cytomegalovirus, and H.pylori antibody in a patient with coronary heart disease
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 11 No. 4 (2002): October-December
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.v11i4.565

Abstract

At herosclerosis is still the chief cause of morbidity and mortality in developed nations. Even though in developed nations the modification of risk factors is able to reduce the prevalence rate of atherosclerosis, such reduction is starting to slow down. Such condition has stimulated researchers to identify environmental exposure, including infection, that can influence the process of atherosclerosis. This cross sectional study was conducted from March to August 1998, on 122 patients that clinically demonstrate coronary heart disease and have underwent cardiac catheterization, 92 males and 30 females with an average age of 55 years. Patients undergo clinical and laboratory evaluation (blood glucose, cholesterol, triglyceride, and antibody for C.pneumoniae. Cytomegalovirus, and H.pylori). We found a significant difference in cholesterol, triglyceride, and HDL levels in those with coronary stenosis and those without. However, we did not find a significant difference in the levels of C.pneumoniae, Cytomegalovirus, and H.pylori antibodies. This study is unable to conclude the influence of these antibodies on atherosclerosis, since in the non-stenosis group, we cannot eliminate the possibility of atherosclerosis, since the average age of study subject is 55 years. Studies on the interaction between infection and traditional risk factors as well as gender and nutrition is needed to find a clear answer of the influence of infection in atherosclerosis. (Med J Indones 2002; 11: 211-4)Keywords: Level of C.pneumoniae, Cytomegalovirus, H.pylori antibody, coronary heart disease.

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