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INDONESIA
Medical Journal of Indonesia
Published by Universitas Indonesia
ISSN : 08531773     EISSN : 22528083     DOI : 10.13181
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology
This quarterly medical journal is an official scientific journal of the Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia in collaboration with German-Indonesian Medical Association (DIGM) Indexed in: IMSEAR; CAB Abstracts; Global Health; HINARI; DOAJ; DRJI; Google Scholar; JournalTOCs; Ulrichsweb Global Serial Directory; WorldCat; New Jour; Electronic Journals Library; ISJD Accredited (2013-2018) by DIKTI Kemendikbud Republik Indonesia (No:58/DIKTI/Kep/2013)
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 22 No. 1 (2013): February" : 10 Documents clear
Decreased expression of caspase3 in penis and prostate tissues of rat after the treatment with buceng (Pimpinella alpina Molk &Euricoma longifolia Jack)
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 22 No. 1 (2013): February
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.v22i1.512

Abstract

Background: Buceng {combination of pasak bumi (Eurycoma longifolia Jack) and purwoceng (Pimpinella alpine Molk)} has been proven to increase testosterone (Te) level and decrease apoptosis. Unfortunately, there is no evidence whether these effects are mediated by the declining of caspase3. Objective of this study was to evaluate whether buceng could decrease the expression of caspase3 of penis and prostate cells in Sprague Dawley male rats. Methods: Twenty four Sprague Dawley male rats weighing 300 g (90 days old) were randomly assigned into 4 groups of 6 male rats. Group A, rats were castrated and received buceng 50 mg. Group B, rats were not castrated, sacrifices as positive control. Group C, rats were castrated and given 2 mL aquadest as negative control. Group D, rats were castrated and got of 6.75 mg mesterolone, dissolved in 2 mL water. MANOVA statistical analysis was adopted to examine the difference expression of caspase3 in all groups. The comparison of caspase3 expression between two groups exhibiting difference values were evaluated by Post Hoc test. Results: MANOVA revealed statistically significant differences in the expression of caspase3 of penis and prostate tissues among the four groups. Post Hoct test also indicated that expression of caspase3 in group A (buceng) (33.56; 35.83) was significantly lower compared to group C (negative control) (54.33; 60.07) and group D (mesterolone) (51.91;56.21), p = 0.000, and higher compared than group B or normal rats (29.40; 27.72), but statistically not significant (p = 0.826). Conclusion: The treatment of 50 mg buceng/day for 30 consecutive days could decrease caspase3 expression in penis and prostate cells. (Med J Indones. 2013;22:2-8) Keywords: Apoptosis, buceng (Pimpinella alpine Molk – Eurycoma longifolia Jack), caspase3
Role of cardiac MRI in acute myocardial infarction
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 22 No. 1 (2013): February
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.v22i1.513

Abstract

Mortality in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) has decreased significantly and appears to be the result of current reperfusion therapeutic strategies. Reperfusion itself may develop into reperfusion injury. Therefore, management of these patients poses several challenges, such as diagnosing and managing heart failure, identifying persistent or inducible ischaemia, estimating the need for anticoagulation, and assessing overall cardiovascular risk. This case presentation will demonstrate the impact of cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the assessment of the pathophysiology of AMI in the current reperfusion era. Cardiac MRI can provide a wide range of clinically useful information which will help clinicians to manage and choose specific therapeutic strategies for AMI patients. (Med J Indones. 2013;22:46-53) Keywords: Acute myocardial infarction, cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, reperfusion injury
Spontaneous pneumothorax complicating lung emphysema. So, what's the catch?
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 22 No. 1 (2013): February
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.v22i1.514

Abstract

Spontaneous pneumothorax secondary to lung carcinoma is very rare (0.05% of all pneumothoraces). We report a case of a 66-year-old male with persistent right-sided spontaneous pneumothorax, initially suspected as secondary to bullous emphysema. Intraoperative findings consisted of an apical bulla with a nonspecific carnification at its base and a bulla at the lower lobe. Surprisingly, histological examination revealed an undefined non-small cell carcinoma. Although spontaneous pneumothorax associated with lung carcinoma is rare, suspicion for malignancy should be raised in patients over 40 presenting with spontaneous pneumothorax, especially in high risk patients such as smokers or patients with chronic bronchitis or emphysema. (Med J Indones. 2013;22:54-6) Keywords: Emphysema, lung cancer, pneumothorax
A study on prothrombogenic and antithrombogenic biomarkers in deep vein thrombosis following meta-epiphyseal cancellous bone traumatization in major orthopedic surgeries
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 22 No. 1 (2013): February
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.v22i1.515

Abstract

Background: This study was aimed to show differences in the mean values of Collagen I (Col I)/Nitric Oxide (NO), Collagen IV (Col IV)/NO, Tissue Factor (TF)/NO, and P-selectin (P-sel)/NO ratios between patients with DVT and those without DVT, following hip and knee meta-epiphyseal cancellous bone traumatization in major orthopedic surgeries. Methods: This is an observational prospective cohort study on 69 patients aged > 50 years, who had orthopedic surgery without thromboprophylaxis. Examination of serum Col I, Col IV, TF, P-sel, and NO biomarker levels were performed three times, i.e. before surgery, 72 hours and 144 hours after surgery. We looked for the differences in mean levels of biomarkers, and mean ratio values of the prothrombogenic/antithrombogenic (Col I/NO, Col IV/NO, TF/NO, P-sel/NO) at 72 hours and 144 hours post surgery between patients with DVT and those without. DVT events, which were confirmed at 144 hours post surgery by venography (with the exception of 8 cases where color Doppler ultrasound was done due to contrast usage contraindications). Results: DVTs were identified in 18 patients (26.1%). There were significant differences of mean levels in pre-surgical Col IV (p = 0.022) and 72 hours NO (p = 0.014) between patients with and without DVT. In addition, between the same two patient groups, significant differences were found in the mean values of the prothrombogenic/antithrombogenic ratios, i.e. Col IV/NO, TF/NO, and P-sel/NO at 72 hours post-surgery (p = 0.007, p = 0.028, and p = 0.049 respectively), with lower median values that were found in subjects with DVT. At 144-hours post surgery, the only significant ratio difference between the two groups was the mean values of Col IV/NO ratio (p = 0.014) with the median values that were higher than the median values at 72-hours post surgery . Conclusion: The incidence of DVT following traumatization of the meta-epiphyseal cancellous bone after major orthopedic surgeries in hip and knee is influenced by the balance of prothrombogenic and antithrombogenic factors as shown by the significant differences in Col IV/NO, TF/NO and P-sel/NO ratios at 72-hours and Col IV/NO ratio at 144 hours after surgery between DVT positive and DVT negative patients. (Med J Indones. 2013;22:9-15) Keywords: Collagen I, collagen IV, deep vein thrombosis, nitric oxide, orthopedic surgery, P-selectin, tissue factor
Efficacy of removable rigid dressing after transtibial amputation in diabetes mellitus patients
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 22 No. 1 (2013): February
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.v22i1.516

Abstract

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the RRD’s efficacy in decreasing stump edema and pain compared to elastic bandage for diabetic mellitus patients after transtibial amputation. Methods: Interventional research was using consecutive sampling. Subjects were randomized into two groups: RRD and elastic bandage. Twenty-three subjects were analyzed. Stump edema volume was measured by the amount of water spilled out from volume glass. Elastic bandage was reapplied every 4 hours and RRD was refitted every 7 days during evaluation time. Stump edema volume was evaluated every 7 days during the 8 week observation. Results: There was a significant decrease of stump volume in RRD group during the first and second week (p = 0.03, p = 0.01) and the edema decreasing time was also significant (p = 0,03). The average decrease of edema volume in RRD was 63.85% of second week and in the elastic bandage group was 34.35%. There were a tendency of pain reduction time in RRD group (4.83 ± 1.95 weeks) compared to elastic bandage group (5.18 ± 2.31weeks). Cox regression result of decreasing edema volume time was 3.088 (CI 95%: 1.128 – 4.916). Conclusion: This study found that there was stump edema volume acceleration in RRD group, it was three times faster for stump to become not edematous compared to elastic bandage group. There was a tendency of faster decreasing stump pain in RRD group than elastic bandage group, eventhough this result was not statistically significant. (Med J Indones. 2013;22:16-21) Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, removable rigid dressing, transtibial amputation
Ende Diabetes Study: diabetes and its characteristics in rural area of East Nusa Tenggara
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 22 No. 1 (2013): February
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.v22i1.517

Abstract

Background: There are only few studies about diabetes in rural area in Indonesia. Epidemiological study are needed to formulate health policy of disease management in specific area. The aim of this study was to find the prevalence of diabetes and knowledge of diabetes among the community in Nangapanda Village, Ende District, East Nusa Tenggara. Methods: A cross-sectional study “Ende Diabetes Study” was conducted in Nangapanda Village. This study use cluster random sampling method to a total number of 19756 residents in Nangapanda village. From the sampling frame of 1800 adult subjects who underwent screening with glucometer in 2008 and 2009, 125 subjects have been diagnosed as diabetes or impaired fasting glucose (IFG). All of the subjects who were diagnosed as diabetes or IFG from the previous screening and 218 subjects from control (normal subjects in the 2008 and 2009 screening) were included in the present study. Each subject underwent general anamnesis, nutritional interview, complete physical examinations, and laboratory test (blood and urine). The data were analyzed using SPSS 13.0. Ressult: There were 343 subjects in this study. The prevalence of diabetes in Nangapanda using blood glucose criteria (using fasting and post-glucose load values) was 2%; using post glucose load criteria, the prevalence of DM was 1.56%; while with HbA1c criteria, the prevalence was 2.83%. The prevalence of impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) was 2.2%, and IFG was 6.2%. A number of 71.1% Nangapanda residents have sufficient knowledge about diabetes. Conclusion: Prevalence of diabetes in Nangapanda (using fasting and post-glucose load criteria) was 2% and 1.56% (using post-glucose load values). As much as 71.1% of Nangapanda residents have sufficient knowledge about diabetes. (Med J Indones. 2013;22:30-8) Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, Ende Diabetes Study, prevalence, rural Indonesia
HIV-related stigma and discrimination: a study of health care workers in Banda Aceh, Indonesia
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 22 No. 1 (2013): February
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.v22i1.518

Abstract

Background: The aim of this study was to identify the level of stigmatized and discriminatory attitudes towards people living with HIV (PLHIV) among health care workers (HCWs) and the factors that influenced these attitudes. Methods: This research was conducted at Dr. Zainoel Abidin General Hospital Banda Aceh, Indonesia. A cross-sectional study design was adopted for this research. Eighty nine HCWs were included in this study and they were selected purposively. Correlation analysis, analysis of variance and independent sample t test analysis was used according to the type of data. Finally, a multiple linear regression model was used to identify the predictor factor for stigmatized and discriminatory attitudes. Results: We found that the level of stigmatized and discriminatory attitudes was high. Bivariate analysis showed that type of HCW, education, marital status, knowledge on transmission and prevention of HIV and irrational fear of HIV transmission were significant related with stigmatized attitudes (p < 0.05). Type of HCW, marital status, age, knowledge on transmission and prevention of HIV and irrational fear of HIV transmission indicated significant (p < 0.05) differences in the levels of discriminatory attitudes. A multiple linear regression model identified type of HCW and irrational fear of HIV transmission correlated with stigmatized attitudes (R2 = 0.230) and knowledge on transmission and prevention of HIV correlated with discriminatory attitudes (R2 = 0.119). Conclusion: Irrational fear of HIV transmission and type of HCW are significant predictors to stigmatized attitudes; knowledge on transmission and prevention of HIV is a predictor to discriminatory attitudes towards PLHIV among HCWs. (Med J Indones. 2013;22:22-9) Keywords: Discrimination, discriminatory attitudes, HIV, PLHIV, stigmatized attitudes.
Prehypertension and hypertension among young Indonesian adults at a primary health care in a rural area
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 22 No. 1 (2013): February
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.v22i1.519

Abstract

Background: Prehypertension and hypertension were related with many complications of nearly every organ, but often neglected by young adults in rural area. This research was done to observe the prevalence of prehypertension and hypertension among young adult in a primary health care of rural area at Cicurug, Sukabumi District, West Java. Methods: This cross-sectional study was done in Cicurug Public Health Center, Sukabumi District, West Java. The subjects were consecutively recruited from the outpatient clinic on Monday until Saturday in September 2012,18-25 years old, not pregnant nor having shock. They were interviewed about their age, gender, physical activity, sitting hours, smoking habit, alcohol consumption, and family history and examined by trained health professionals (weight, height, body mass index [BMI], systolic and diastolic blood pressure). Results: From 111 young adults, 34.2% had prehypertension and 17.1% had hypertension. Within sex groups, the prevalence of prehypertension was higher in females, whereas hypertension was occurred more in males. Neither of family history from mother nor father were associated with prehypertension and hypertension compared with normotension. Total activity was not associated with prehypertension (OR = 2.6; p = 0.052) and hypertension (OR = 1.758; p = 0.498). BMI was associated with hypertension (OR = 3.354; p = 0.041) and not associated with prehypertension (OR = 2.343; p = 0.099). Conclusion: Prevalence of prehypertension and hypertension were relatively high among young adult in primary health care of rural area. Intervention to prevent further complications needs to be done early with lifestyle modification because blood pressure is associated with modifiable risk factors, such as BMI and total activity. (Med J Indones. 2013;22:39-45) Keywords: Hypertension, prehypertension, rural area, young adult
Potential interaction between proton pump inhibitor and clopidogrel
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 22 No. 1 (2013): February
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.v22i1.520

Abstract

Clopidogrel is an anti-platelet agent commonly used in patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular (CV) disease. Although formerly considered safe, several studies reported that the use of clopidogrel may cause a significant increase in the rate of gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding. This adverse effect could be minimized by coadministration of proton pump inhibitor (PPI). However, since PPI and clopidogrel share the same metabolic pathway, it has been hypothesized that the administration of PPI following clopidogrel therapy may cause a reduction in its anti-platelet effect, thereby increasing the risk of CV events. Recent studies found no significant inhibition in the activation of clopidogrel by CYP2C19 with administration of PPI in vitro. Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic studies, as well as clinical studies, reported conflicting results regarding the potential interaction between PPI and clopidogrel. Until now, the available study investigated the PPI-clopidogrel interaction are primarily observational. The COGENT study is the only prospective, placebo-controlled trial examined the PPI-clopidogrel interaction. This study revealed no significant increase in CV events in patients receiving PPI following clopidogrel therapy, compared to the control group. Though remains controversial, current expert consensus recommended the administration of PPI in patients receiving clopidogrel, particularly in high-risk patients. (Med J Indones. 2013;22:57-62) Keywords: Cardiovascular, clopidogrel, gastrointestinal, proton pump inhibitor
Twenty two years of the Medical Journal of Indonesia
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 22 No. 1 (2013): February
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.v22i1.541

Abstract

[No abstract available]

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