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INDONESIA
Medical Journal of Indonesia
Published by Universitas Indonesia
ISSN : 08531773     EISSN : 22528083     DOI : 10.13181
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology
This quarterly medical journal is an official scientific journal of the Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia in collaboration with German-Indonesian Medical Association (DIGM) Indexed in: IMSEAR; CAB Abstracts; Global Health; HINARI; DOAJ; DRJI; Google Scholar; JournalTOCs; Ulrichsweb Global Serial Directory; WorldCat; New Jour; Electronic Journals Library; ISJD Accredited (2013-2018) by DIKTI Kemendikbud Republik Indonesia (No:58/DIKTI/Kep/2013)
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Articles 12 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 24 No. 1 (2015): March" : 12 Documents clear
Serum cell-free DNA concentration in BALB/c mice with azoxymethane-dextran sodium sulfate-induced colorectal cancer
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 24 No. 1 (2015): March
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.v24i1.730

Abstract

Background: Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer in the United States with a mortality rate ranked second in 2012. Early diagnosis such as detection of DNA in serum or faeces at the polyp stage, will reduce colorectal cancer mortality. This study was conducted to analyze the concentration of cell-free DNA (cfDNA) as a tumor marker in colorectal carcinogenesis by using blood serum samples from BALB/c mice previously induced by azoxymethane (AOM) and promoted by dextran sodium sulfate (DSS). Methods: This experimental animal study used 6 BALB/c mice which had serial intervention in a certain time frame. The first serum samples were taken before induction of carcinogenesis (week-0); then AOM induction of carcinogenesis followed and the second sampling one week after AOM intervention (week-1). Subsequently, promotion of carcinogenesis followed with DSS and the third sampling one week after this intervention (week-2). The fourth sampling was 5 weeks after AOM-DSS intervention (week-6). Quantification of the serum cfDNA was performed with SYBR-Green II fluorescence using Rotor Gene 6000 as a reference. Histopathological examination verified induction of carcinogenesis. For statistical analysis paired T-test was used. Results: Concentration of serum cfDNA showed significant difference between sampling group at week-0 (1238.49 ± 674.84 pg/μL) and sampling group at week-6 (2244.04 ± 726.57 pg/μL) the latter group showing pre-cancerous histopathology. Slightly increased cfDNA at week-1 with AOM induction (1358.57 ± 803.81 pg/μL) and week-2 after DSS promotion (1317.23 ± 735.92 pg/μL) were not significantly different from week-0 samples. Conclusion: The concentration of cfDNA in the serum of BALB/c mice 5 weeks after AOM induction of carcinogenesis and DSS promotion is significantly higher than before induction.
Increase in Bcl2 expression of penile and prostate cells of Sprague Dawley male rats following treatment with buceng (combination of Pimpinella alpina molk with Eurycoma longifolia Jack)
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 24 No. 1 (2015): March
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.v24i1.1023

Abstract

Background: Treatment with buceng combination of Eurycoma longifolia Jack and Pimpinella alpine Molk has been proven to increase testosterone level, decrease apoptosis and caspase3 expression. Bcl2 is an antiapoptotic protein found in cytoplasm which inhibits cells apoptosis. This study was aimed to investigate the effect of buceng on Bcl2 expression on penile and prostate tissues of the rats. Methods: In this experimental study, 24 male Sprague Dawley rats of 90 days old, weighing ± 300 grams, were randomly assigned into four groups. Group A, normal rats. Group B, castrated rats and treated with buceng 100 mg/day, per oral (Cast-Bcg); Group C, castrated rats and treated with 2 ml of water as placebo against buceng (Cast-Plac). Group D, castrated rats, treated with mesterolone 6.75 mg/day, per oral, as exogenous testosterone (Cast-Mest). All rats were treated for 30 days. Manova test was used to analyze the different expression of Bcl2 among groups with significance level at p ≤ 0.05. Results: Castration was associated with significant decrease of Bcl2 expression in the penile and prostate tissues (53.0 and 50.9%, respectively) compared to normal rats (82.6 and 84.2%, respectively, p < 0.001). Treatment with mesterolone reversed Bcl2 expression (77.1 and 78.1%) to a near normal level. The same level of Bcl2 expression was also observed with buceng treatment (73.8 and 78.2%). Conclusion: The treatment with buceng could enhance Bcl2 expression in penile and prostate tissues, comparable to normal rats and mesterolone treated rats.
Correlation between peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness and visual function changes in patients receiving ethambutol
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 24 No. 1 (2015): March
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.v24i1.1065

Abstract

Background: Recent animal studies revealed the decreased amount of retinal ganglion cells after treatment with ethambutol. The aim of this study was to evaluate the changes of peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness in patients receiving ethambutol therapy, as well as to know the correlation of RNFL thickness changes with the changes of visual function. Methods: This was a cohort study on 29 subjects at one tuberculosis treatment center, Jakarta. Subjects underwent RNFL thickness measurement using optical coherence tomography (OCT) and several visual function parameters (visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, color sensitivity and visual field) before and two-months following ethambutol therapy. Statistical comparison between pre- and post- ethambutol measurements were done using either paired T-test or Wilcoxon test. Correlations between anatomical and functional changes were assessed with Spearman correlation test. Results: There were significant changes of peripapillary RNFL thickness in superior (147 and 141 μm, p = 0.001), nasal (92 and 88 μm, p = 0.045) quadrants and average RNFL thickness (116.77 and 112.65 μm, p = 0.001). No significant correlation between RNFL thickness changes and the changes of visual function parameters (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Ethambutol consumption for two months in recommended dose is still considered safe to human retina and visual status.
Chronic myeloid leukemia with soft tissue infiltration: a case report
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 24 No. 1 (2015): March
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.v24i1.1083

Abstract

A 27 year old male patient with chronic myeloid leukemia under irregular hydroxyurea treatment presented with a left thigh swelling associated with a dull aching pain. Blood examination revealed a total leukocyte count [TLC] of 125,000/mm3 with 13% metamyelocytes, 8% myelocytes, 1% promyelocytes and 3% band cells. A fine needle aspiration biopsy of the swelling revealed mostly myeloblasts with occasional promyelocytes. He was maintained on tablet hydroxyurea 2g given in divided daily doses along with allopurinol, systemic alkaliser and plenty of oral fluids. Gradual symptomatic relief was achieved over next 2 months with no palpable lump after 3.5 months. TLC was 38,400/mm3 with 1% promyelocytes and myeloblasts and 5% band form. There was reduction in the liver size during this period but no reduction in spleen size. He is currently being maintained on hydroxyurea 2g with other supportive care and has not had any recurrence of symptoms for the last 9 months.
Gastro-esophageal reflux disease among type-2 diabetes mellitus patients in a rural area
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 24 No. 1 (2015): March
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.v24i1.1164

Abstract

Background: One of the most neglected complications of diabetes mellitus (DM) is gastro-esophageal reflux disease (GERD) which arises from autonomic neuropathy and diabetic gastropathy related to the extent of DM. This study was done to find prevalence of GERD in DM patients with GERD-questionnaire (GERDQ), dietary factor proportion, and their association with other GERD risk factor in rural area. Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted in Puskesmas Pelaihari from August to September 2013. Subjects with DM aged ≥ 18 were selected consecutively from both newly and previously diagnosed patients with exclusion criteria: pregnancy, in proton-pump inhibitor therapy, and had other metabolic disease(s). DM was diagnosed with ADA criteria, while GERD was diagnosed in patients with score of ≥ 8 of Indonesian GERDQ. Results: There were 30 subjects (29.7%) with GERD among 101 patients with DM and dietary factors found in GERD patients were spicy diet (90%), high-fat food (90%), irritative beverages (87%), and irritative diet (23%). Only female gender was associated with GERD vs non-GERD in DM patients (87% vs 68%, p = 0.048). Meanwhile, duration of DM (2 [0-13] vs 2 [0-19], p = 0.976), obesity (37% vs 38%, p = 0.897), age (53.2±10.5 vs 54.7 ± 9.3, p = 0.481), and uncontrolled diabetes (90% vs 94%, p = 0.421) were not associated with the GERD among DM patients. Conclusion: Prevalence of GERD in DM is somewhat high in this study. Female group with DM needs to be screened for GERD as early as possible.
Optimizations of expression and purification of recombinant HIV-1 CRF01_AE p24 protein in Escherichia coli for development of immunodiagnostic assay
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 24 No. 1 (2015): March
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.v24i1.1166

Abstract

Background: Conventional method for confirmation of HIV infection is Western blot. However, it has limitations because of contamination by human cellular antigen and genetic diversity among the HIV-1 subtypes that show indeterminate result and inaccuracy for the diagnosis of different strains. Most of Western blot developed are based on HIV-1 B subtype. In Indonesia HIV-1 CRF01_AE subtype is dominantly circulated. Therefore, we optimized the expression, purification of the recombinant HIV-1 CRF01_AE p24 protein for development of immunodiagnostic assay. Methods: Optimization of protein expression in Escherichia coli strain BL21CP was performed including induction time, isopropyl-1-thio-d-galactopyranoside (IPTG) and immidazole consentrations, and induction temperature. Purification of the recombinant p24 protein was used by using Ni-NTA (Qiagen) purification system in native condition. Results: Expression and purification of HIV-1 CRF01_AE p24 protein have been performed. Confirmation of the recombinant protein by Western blot showed the expression and purification of recombinant p24 protein has been optimized well and reactive with sera of patients with HIV-1 CRF01_AE subtype positive. Conclusion: The recombinant HIV-1 CRF01_AE p24 protein has been expressed and purified successfully, and it is potential to be used as antigen for immunodiagnostic assay.
Can a pneumothorax break your heart?
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 24 No. 1 (2015): March
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.v24i1.1179

Abstract

Takotsubo cardiomyopathy or apical ballooning is a condition characterized by transitory left ventricular dysfunction, affecting commonly postmenopausal females after foregoing acute emotional or physical stress. We report a case of a 63 year old female presenting with severe dyspnea and right-sided secondary spontaneous pneumothorax, initially treated with tube thoracostomy. Despite the fact that pneumothorax resolved, shortness of breath persisted and due to ST-segment elevation and increased Troponin I levels, she was admitted to cardiac catheterization. A significant coronary stenosis was ruled out and the diagnosis of a Takotsubo cardiomyopathy was established. Electrocardiographic findings were normalized within three days and attributable to prolonged air leakage. A thoracoscopic apex resection followed by a partial parietal pleurectomy was performed. Although Takotsubo cardiomyopathy is a rare syndrome, it should always be considered as a potential cardiac complication of a pneumothorax.
Palmaris longus absence in six largest Indonesian ethnicities and its relationship with gender, ethnicity, and hand dominance
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 24 No. 1 (2015): March
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.v24i1.1191

Abstract

Background: Palmaris longus (PL) tendon is often used as graft in tendon or ligament reconstruction. PL absence is a normal variation in human body. Its prevalence was different in various population. Serbian population had an absence rate of 42.4%, but in the Korean population it was only 4.0%. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of PL absence in various ethnic of Indonesian population and its relationship with gender and side of hand dominance. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study in 1230 people from six ethnicities in Indonesia. The absence of PL was determined by Schaeffer test and confirmed with Mishra and Thompson test. Data collection was performed by a single examiner in various cities in Indonesia. The relationship between PL absence with ethnicity, gender, and hand dominance were determined by Chi-square test. Results: Prevalence of PL absence in overall Indonesian population was 10.4% (bilateral 37.5% and unilateral 62.5%). The highest were in Batak and Madura ethnicities (15.5%), followed by Sunda (11.8%), Java (10.0%), Betawi (6.0%), and the lowest was Minang ethnicity (4.1%) (p = 0.008). Prevalence of PL absence in female and male were 10.7% 10.2%, respectively, p > 0.05). Conclusion: Compared to range of prevalence in other countries in the world, prevalence of PL absence in Indonesian population was moderate (10.4%). There was significant difference found between ethnicity, but not in gender. Surgeon should consider this data when planning for reconstruction procedures using PL graft in Indonesian population.
Validity and reliability of the Indonesian version of tinnitus handycap inventory
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 24 No. 1 (2015): March
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.v24i1.1193

Abstract

Background: To translate and assess the validity and reliability of the Indonesian version of Tinnitus Handycap Inventory (THI) as an psychometric instrument for evaluating the quality of life in tinnitus patients. This instrument will support the clinicians to determine the appropriate tinnitus management for them. Methods: A cross-sectional psychometric validation study was performed to assess the internal consistency, reliability and validity of the Indonesian version of THI in 50 subjective tinnitus patients at ENT outpatient clinic of Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital between May-August 2010. 25 question items of original THI were translated, back-translated and validated using the transcultural validation by WHO. Results: The validity test demonstrated a significant correlation in the emotional and the catastrophic scale whilst there was no significant correlation in the functional scale for item F2 and particularly for item F15. Nevertheless, the validity test on the functional scale showed a good result. This study also showed high internal consistency and reliability for the total scale (Cronbach-α = 0.91) Conclusion: The evaluation result indicated that the reliability of adapted Indonesian version of the THI in our study is relatively high and could be applied in clinical examination or further otolaryngology study by both specialists and general physicians.
Body mass index and waist-to-height ratio cut-offs as predictors of high blood pressure in adolescents
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 24 No. 1 (2015): March
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.v24i1.1200

Abstract

Background: Obesity is associated with increased risk for high blood pressure (BP). Although a routine BP measurement is indicated for all children visiting pediatric practice, recognition of children particularly at risk may save times. The aim of this study was to assess the cut-off point for body mass index (BMI) and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) to predict high BP in adolescents. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study on 928 children aged 11 to 16 years in Yogyakarta. BP were measured using standard technique described by The Fourth Report on The Diagnosis, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure in Children and Adolescents. BMI was adjusted for age and sex using the WHO 2007 growth reference. WHtR was ratio of waist circumference related to height in centimeters. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to estimate the best cut-offs. Results: The best cut-off point for BMI-for-age Z-score (BMIZ) to predict high BP was 0.51 with sensitivity and specificity of 82% (95% CI = 78-86) and 76% (95% CI = 67-78) for systolic BP and sensitivity and specificity of 82% (95% CI = 78-86) and 72% (95% CI = 68-76) for diastolic BP. The best cut-off point for WHtR was 0.45, with sensitivity of 76% (95% CI = 67-78) and specificity of 74% (95% CI = 71-79) for systolic BP and sensitivity of 76% (95% CI = 72-80) and specificity of 70% (95% CI = 61-75) for diastolic BP.Conclusion: BMIZ of 0.51 and WHtR of 0.45 are the best cut-off point to predict high BP in adolescents.

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