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Medical Journal of Indonesia
Published by Universitas Indonesia
ISSN : 08531773     EISSN : 22528083     DOI : 10.13181
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology
This quarterly medical journal is an official scientific journal of the Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia in collaboration with German-Indonesian Medical Association (DIGM) Indexed in: IMSEAR; CAB Abstracts; Global Health; HINARI; DOAJ; DRJI; Google Scholar; JournalTOCs; Ulrichsweb Global Serial Directory; WorldCat; New Jour; Electronic Journals Library; ISJD Accredited (2013-2018) by DIKTI Kemendikbud Republik Indonesia (No:58/DIKTI/Kep/2013)
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Articles 14 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 30 No. 2 (2021): June" : 14 Documents clear
Accuracy of pediatric advanced life support method for predicting the depth of endotracheal tube in Indonesian children
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 30 No. 2 (2021): June
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.oa.203835

Abstract

BACKGROUND The pediatric advanced life support (PALS) method can predict the depth of endotracheal tube (ETT) in pediatric patients easily, but it has limitations due to variations in the children’s characteristics, especially the racial consideration. This study compared the accuracy of ETT depth prediction based on the PALS methods in Indonesian children. METHODS Patients aged 0–12 years, who underwent elective surgery with oral intubation, were recruited consecutively based on their ages: 0–24 months and 25 months–12 years for this cross-sectional study in Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia from June to August 2014. Bland–Altman analysis was used to compare the two measurement methods: PALS method to predict the ETT depth accuracy and auscultation method to confirm the position of the ETT. Furthermore, correlation analysis was done to examine the relationship of age, weight, height, and ETT internal diameter with ETT depth. RESULTS 50 patients were recruited in each group. Bland–Altman test of ETT depth in the 0–24 months age group showed a 1.18 cm mean difference from confirmation using the auscultation method (limits of agreement −0.71 to 3.08). The 25 months–12 years age group showed a 1.11 cm mean difference with limits of agreement were −0.95 to 3.17 from confirmation using the auscultation method. Age and weight had the strongest correlation value to ETT depth in the 25 months–12 years age group (R2 = 62.3%). CONCLUSIONS The PALS method is inaccurate for predicting ETT depth in Indonesian children aged 0–12 years old compared with the auscultation method.
High visibility of outdoor tobacco advertisements around health facilities in East Java, Indonesia: a geospatial analysis
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 30 No. 2 (2021): June
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.bc.204177

Abstract

BACKGROUND Indonesian tobacco control initiatives are minimal despite having the second-highest adult male smoking prevalence in the world, with less than 10% of districts/cities banning outdoor tobacco advertisements. This research aimed to provide evidence on the presence of outdoor tobacco advertisements near health facilities in Surabaya where there is no outdoor advertising ban. METHODS Data collection was carried out in Surabaya from October to November 2018. Data of government (public) and private health facilities were obtained from the city health office. Two spatial data analyses were carried out: a buffer analysis near the healthcare facilities and an advertisement hotspot analysis using ArcMap 10.6. RESULTS From 308 tobacco advertisements that were identified, there were billboards (63%), banners (31%), and videoboards (7%). Of 142 public and 1,242 private health facilities in Surabaya, 26% and 31% had advertisements within 300 m and 63% and 70% were within advertisement hotspots, respectively. Furthermore, 5% of advertisements were within 300 m from public health facilities and 21% of them were within 300 m from private health facilities. CONCLUSIONS Outdoor tobacco advertisements were widespread throughout the city, prominently around public and private health facilities.
Impact of metabolic syndrome on lower urinary tract symptoms in patients with benign prostate hyperplasia
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 30 No. 2 (2021): June
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.oa.214256

Abstract

BACKGROUND Studies evaluating the relationship between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in men with benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) are lacking in Indonesia. This study aimed to discover the association of LUTS and MetS in men with BPH. METHODS Subjects who underwent biopsy were recruited from Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia from January 2014 to January 2018, but only men who had biopsy-proven BPH were included. Body mass index, waist circumference, fasting blood glucose, triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein, prostate volume (PV), and international prostate symptom score (IPSS) were collected before the biopsy. MetS criteria were based on the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III. IPSS was assessed for LUTS and consisted of irritative and obstructive symptoms and quality of life (QoL). Independent t-test or Mann–Whitney test was used to analyze numerical data. RESULTS Of 227 men with biopsy-proven BPH, 87 (38.3%) were diagnosed with MetS. PV was similar in men with or without MetS (54.4 [20.3–100] versus 49.9 [19.5–100] cm3, p = 0.239). Men with MetS generally had more LUTS (15 [1–30] versus 11 [0–35], p = 0.005), more irritative symptoms (8 [0–20] versus 6 [0–20], p = 0.007), and lower QoL (4 [0–6] versus 3 [0–6], p = 0.018). CONCLUSIONS BPH patients with MetS had greater LUTS, particularly irritative symptoms and QoL score.
Treatment delay of cancer patients in Indonesia: a reflection from a national referral hospital
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 30 No. 2 (2021): June
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.oa.204296

Abstract

BACKGROUND Cancer is a complex disease requiring a multidisciplinary approach in establishing prompt diagnosis and treatment. Treatment in a timely manner is crucial for the outcomes. Hence, this study aimed to provide information on treatment delay including patient and provider delays and its associated factors. METHODS Cancer patients were recruited conveniently in the outpatient clinic of Department of Radiation Oncology, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Indonesia between May and August 2015. All patients were asked to fill a questionnaire and interviewed in this cross-sectional study. Treatment delay was explored and categorized into patient delay and provider delay. Patient delay could be happened before (patient-delay-1) or after (patient-delay-2) the patient was diagnosed with cancer. Provider delay could be due to physician, system-diagnosis, and system-treatment delays. RESULTS Among 294 patients, 86% patient had treatment delay. Patient delay was observed in 153 patients, and 43% of them had a history of alternative treatment. An older age (p = 0.047), lower educational level (p = 0.047), and history of alternative treatment (p<0.001) were associated with patient delay. Meanwhile, 214 patients had provider delay, and 9%, 36%, and 80% of them experienced physician, system-diagnosis, and system-treatment delays, respectively. All types of provider delay were associated with patient delay (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS Most of the patient had treatment delay caused by either patient or provider.
A case report of acute Marchiafava-Bignami disease: a rare clinical entity in chronic alcoholism
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 30 No. 2 (2021): June
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.cr.204464

Abstract

Marchiafava‑Bignami disease (MBD) is a rare neurological disease often associated with a chronic consumption of alcohol and malnutrition, which is characterized by a demyelination and necrosis of the corpus callosum. We present a case of a 21-year-old male with chronic alcoholism who presented with an acute altered sensorium and seizure, which were initially treated as meningoencephalitis. His persistent poor Glasgow coma scale score and ideomotor recovery with encephalitic changes on his electroencephalogram prompted urgent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of his brain, which revealed extensive symmetrical hyperintensities in the corpus callosum. The diagnosis of MBD was made because of the typical MRI findings and after the exclusion of other possible diagnosis. The patient was promptly treated with a parenteral thiamine and showed a good recovery at 3 months follow-up. This case highlights the importance of diagnosing and recognizing MBD in a patient with chronic alcoholism as prompt treatment could prevent irreversible damage, which could carry high morbidity.
A systematic review of intracavernosal injection of mesenchymal stem cells for diabetic erectile dysfunction
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 30 No. 2 (2021): June
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.oa.204475

Abstract

BACKGROUND As current erectile dysfunction (ED) treatments are limited, other treatment such as stem cells should be explored. Hence, this study aimed to review the sources, method of administration, and therapeutic effect of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for diabetic ED treatment. METHODS All relevant articles regarding the use of MSCs for diabetic ED were searched in PubMed and Google Scholar databases from December 15, 2019 to January 1, 2020 published in the past 10 years. The keywords were “mesenchymal stem cells” and “diabetic ED”. The selection and critical appraisal of the studies were discussed. Diabetic ED was evaluated for functional and structural outcome. Functional outcome in animal studies was assessed by intracavernosal pressure/mean arterial pressure (ICP/MAP) ratio, meanwhile the structural outcome was done microscopically. In human study, the assessments were done using international index of erectile function score (IIEF-5) to erection hardness score and penile Doppler ultrasonography. RESULTS There were 10 animal studies and 3 human studies. The studies used MSCs from adipose (n = 6), bone marrow (n = 4), placenta (n = 1), umbilical cord (n = 1), and muscle tissue (n = 1). The MSCs were administrated through intracavernosal injection in all studies. In all animal studies, functional outcome was improved, shown in higher ICP/MAP ratio. Microscopically, there were an increase of cavernosal endothelial cells, vascular endothelial growth factor, nitric oxide synthase, and smooth muscle cells. In human studies, IIEF-5 and erection hardness score were improved. Peak systolic velocity was also higher. CONCLUSIONS MSCs may be a promising therapy for diabetic ED; however, long-term safety concerns still need further investigations.
Efficacy and safety of platinum chain and gold weight implants for paralytic lagophthalmos: a systematic review
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 30 No. 2 (2021): June
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.oa.214683

Abstract

BACKGROUND Surgery has been proposed as a treatment of paralytic lagophthalmos. However, no consensus has been reached on the best treatment. This study was aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety between platinum chain and gold weight implants to treat paralytic lagophthalmos. METHODS This study used all randomized controlled trials or observational studies (prospective or retrospective) using platinum chain and gold weight implants for paralytic lagophthalmos surgery that were published from 1990 to 2020 in the PubMed, Cochrane, and Google Scholar databases. Efficacy was indicated by the reduction of ≥3 in lagophthalmos, and safety was measured based on complications after surgery. RESULTS The efficacy of platinum chain and gold weight implants were 60–100% and 10–93.6%, respectively. The complications of platinum chain implant were 0–2.9% of extrusion and 0–3.3% of migration. However, gold weight implant had 0–13.3% of migration. CONCLUSIONS Both platinum chain and gold weight implants have similar efficacy to treat paralytic lagophthalmos. However, gold weight implant has a higher rate of complication.
Delivery routes in pregnancy with COVID-19 and the risk of intrapartum vertical transmission: a meta-analysis
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 30 No. 2 (2021): June
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.oa.214779

Abstract

BACKGROUND Mode of delivery has become an important highlight in managing pregnancy with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) due to the possible risk of viral transmission from mother to baby, especially during the peripartum period. This study aimed to review the mode of delivery and the possible risk of vertical transmission related to delivery routes in pregnant women with COVID-19. METHODS Literature research was conducted using PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and EBSCO database with the following keywords: SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, pregnancy, vertical transmission, and delivery. The extracted data were as follows: author, country, study design number of cases, maternal age, mode of delivery, and the SARS-CoV-2 status in neonates. RESULTS Of 11 studies found, vaginal birth was reported in 218 cases (34.53%) and cesarean delivery was reported in 385 women (65.47%). The indication for cesarean delivery was majority due to COVID-19 related condition (53.61%). In total, 8 neonates who confirmed positive for COVID-19 by real-time polymerase chain reaction assay were reported. The pooled odds ratio (95% confidence interval) for SARS-CoV-2-positive neonates in cesarean delivery compared with vaginal birth was 0.622 (0.237–1.633) with p = 0.335. CONCLUSIONS Cesarean delivery is more common than vaginal delivery in patient with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Any delivery route is not related to possible risk of intrapartum vertical transmission, and cesarean delivery should be carried out based on the obstetric indication.
Neurological manifestations of COVID-19: a clinical approach
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 30 No. 2 (2021): June
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.rev.204821

Abstract

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an emerging infectious disease caused by SARS-CoV-2 which attacks the respiratory tract and has been declared a global pandemic by the World Health Organization. The disease has a very wide clinical spectrum which can be manifested as asymptomatic to critical conditions. SARS-CoV-2 shows a neurotropism proven by its identification in the cerebrospinal fluid and brain vascular endothelial. The complete mechanism of how the virus invades the human nervous system is yet to be identified. Thus, every neurologist needs to follow the progressivity of COVID-19 symptoms involving the nervous system.
Gastrointestinal disorders in COVID-19 patients: a great imitator
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 30 No. 2 (2021): June
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.bc.204960

Abstract

Up to this point, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is still ongoing. Some studies with a large number of cases have reported its clinical manifestations, concluding that the disease is a great imitator. Patients may present with symptoms other than the main symptoms of respiratory tract infections, such as diarrhea, abdominal pain, nausea, or vomiting, which may sometimes cause a delayed treatment in managing COVID-19 patients. Reports of various hospitals have also demonstrated gastrointestinal complaints as a clinical manifestation in those patients. The patients may come with gastrointestinal symptoms as their early clinical manifestation, or the gastrointestinal symptoms may be found in hospitalized COVID-19 patients, which indeed can be explained since the SARS-CoV-2, an etiologic agent of COVID-19 infection, can obviously be found along the gastrointestinal tract. Hence, the virus can be found in fecal and anal, and therefore, rectal swabs can be used as a diagnostic tool for COVID-19 infection.

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