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agriTECH
Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada
ISSN : 02160455     EISSN : 25273825     DOI : 10.22146/agritech
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Agritech with registered number ISSN 0216-0455 (print) and ISSN 2527-3825 (online) is a scientific journal that publishes the results of research in the field of food and agricultural product technology, agricultural and bio-system engineering, and agroindustrial technology. This journal is published by Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta in colaboration with Indonesian Association of Food Technologies (PATPI).
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Lain-Lain)
Articles 15 Documents
 1   2 
Search results for , issue "Vol 33, No 1 (2013)" : 15 Documents clear
Penentuan Kriteria Mutu Biji Pala (Myristica fragrans Houtt) Berdasarkan Analisis Tekstur Menggunakan Teknologi Pengolahan Citra Digital Latifa Dinar; Atris Suyantohadi; Mohammad Affan Fajar Fallah
agriTECH Vol 33, No 1 (2013)
Publisher : Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (465.474 KB) | DOI: 10.22146/agritech.9570

Abstract

Separation of nutmeg based on quality at the farm level is still not done. At the market level process to separate the whole seed and seed damage done by direct observation. The process has the disadvantage, among others, can not be done continuously and mixed results. Development of non-destructive method for separate nutmeg by class quality effectively and objectively indispensable. On image texture analysis can be used to differentiate the surface properties of an object in the image associated with the rough and smooth, also the specific properties of the surface roughness and smoothness criteria that characterize an object of an object. This study aims to analyze the texture characteristics of the object image nutmeg with image processing to determine the quality grade of nutmeg. The materials used are nutmeg derived from Ternate town of North Maluku with reference to defined quality standards in 2000 that divides Menegristek nutmeg into three quality classes ABCD, Rimpel and BWP. Determination of the quality criteria nutmeg done by the method of discriminant analysis. Texture characteristics extracted from the object image consisting of nutmeg contrast, correlation, energy, homogenity, entropy. The results showed significant parameter correlation and the entropy distinguish quality classes nutmeg with a degree of truth of 96,7%.ABSTRAKPemisahan biji pala berdasarkan mutu di tingkat petani saat ini masih belum dilakukan. Di tingkat pedagang proses untuk memisahkan antara biji utuh dan biji rusak dilakukan dengan pengamatan langsung. Proses tersebut memiliki kelemahan antara lain tidak dapat dilakukan secara terus menerus dan hasil yang beragam. Pengembangan metode non-destruktif untuk memisahkanan biji pala berdasarkan kelas mutunya secara efektif dan objektif sangat diperlukan. Analisis  tekstur pada citra dapat digunakan untuk membedakan sifat-sifat permukaan suatu benda dalam citra yang berhubungan dengan kasar dan halus, juga sifat-sifat spesifik dari kekasaran dan kehalusan permukaan suatu objek yang mencirikan kriteria suatu objek. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis ciri tekstur dari citra objek biji pala dengan pengolahan citra untuk menentukan kelas mutu pala. Bahan yang digunakan adalah biji pala yang berasal dari kota Ternate Maluku Utara dengan mengacu pada standar mutu yang ditetapkan Menegristek tahun 2000 yang membagi biji pala kedalam tiga kelas mutu ABCD, Rimpel dan BWP.  Penentuan kriteria mutu pala dilakukan dengan metode analisis diskriminan. Ciri tekstur yang diekstrak dari citra objek biji pala terdiri dari kontras, korelasi, energi, homogenitas, entropi. Hasil penelitian menunjukan parameter korelasi dan entropi signifikan membedakan kelas mutu pala dengan tingkat kebenaran sebesar 96,7%.
The Improvement of Sugar Distribution System Using Value Stream Mapping (VSM) Approach A Case Study: Industri Gula Nusantara, Kendal, Jawa Tengah Muchamad Muchfirodin; Henry Yuliando; Adi Joko Guritno
agriTECH Vol 33, No 1 (2013)
Publisher : Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1779.813 KB) | DOI: 10.22146/agritech.9571

Abstract

This study was aimed to find kind of improvements of sugar distribution system using value stream mapping (VSM) when some inefficiencies in physical and service activities were encountered that will cause wasting time. The VSM was directed to reduce non value added time as the performace parameter. VSM was used to analyze thus inefficiencies because using VSM can simply mapping to trace whole activities both of material and service flow from beginning to the end of process. A case study of Industri Gula Nusantara showed that in its service operations, there were an inefficiency in the process of issueing the loading order. Move thus activity a day earlier, the improvement sounds a shorter service time over order and delivery schedule which in further make a better operation and service over the whole process of sugar distribution. At same time a policy of safety stock or inventory leveling could minimize stock out occasion by the increasing of service level from 25% to 38% that was close to standard deviation of demand during lead time.
Sistem Pendukung Keputusan Teknologi Penanganan dan Kelayakan Investasi Pascapanen Kakao (Theobroma cacao L.) (Studi Kasus Di Kabupaten Pidie Jaya, Propinsi Aceh) Raida Agustina; Lilik Sutiarso; Joko Nugroho Wahyu Karyadi
agriTECH Vol 33, No 1 (2013)
Publisher : Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (483.269 KB) | DOI: 10.22146/agritech.9572

Abstract

Cocoa beans produced by smallholders have low quality because of gaps in information on post-harvest tecnology. Information is needed to provide decision-support making for choosing one alternative implementation of the handling technology cocoa most appropriate and in accordance with the conditions of its territory which can improve the quality of dried cocoa beans. The purpose of this study was developed an  decision-support system software as a tool for decision making cocoa post-harvest handling, obtain the best alternative based on technical analysis and economic analysis, evaluate the feasibility of investment, and know the value of the sensitivity of each alternative. This study was carried out from July to December 2010 in Bandar Baru sub district, Pidie Jaya district of Aceh province. Survey and interview were used to collecting data. Collected data used to create a database for a decision-support system model of cocoa post-harvest handling technology, which was processed using  the Java programming language. Based on the analysis post harvest technology of cocoa to farmers and investors indicated a mechanical alternative is the best alternative because it produces the greatest benefits. Mechanical alternative  gives farmers a profit of Rp.1,419,279,165 per year and gives investors a profit of Rp. 1,023,246,397 per year and feasibility analysis shows NPV Rp 923,577,155 and the value of R/C ratio of 3 is also available in mechanical alternative. The results of sensitivity analysis on each alternative show that the most influential variables on the profitability of farmers and investors is wage labor, the price of fresh cacao fruit, and the price of dry beans.ABSTRAKBiji kakao yang dihasilkan perkebunan rakyat memiliki mutu yang rendah karena adanya kesenjangan dalam informasi mengenai teknologi penanganan pascapanen. Informasi dibutuhkan untuk memberi dukungan bagi pengambil keputusan dalam  memilih salah satu alternatif yang tepat dan sesuai dengan kondisi wilayahnya sehingga bisa meningkatkan kualitas biji kering kakao. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah membangun sebuah software sistem pendukung keputusan sebagai alat bantu pengambilan keputusan teknologi penanganan pascapanen kakao, memperoleh alternatif terbaik berdasarkan analisis teknis dan analisis ekonomi, mengevaluasi tingkat kelayakan investasi, dan mengetahui nilai sensitivitas dari setiap alternatif. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Juli 2010 sampai dengan bulan Desember 2010 di Kecamatan Bandar Baru, Kabupaten Pidie Jaya, Propinsi Aceh. Metode yang digunakan adalah survey lapangan dan wawancara. Hasil pengambilan data di lapangan dianalisis untuk tujuan penyusunan database model sistem pendukung keputusan teknologi penanganan pascapanen kakao, dan diolah menggunakan bahasa program Java. Berdasarkan hasil analisis teknologi penanganan pascapanen kakao untuk petani dan investor menunjukkan bahwa alternatif mekanis merupakan alternatif terbaik karena menghasilkan keuntungan terbesar. Untuk petani alternatif mekanis  memberikan keuntungan sebesar Rp 1.419.279.165,00 per tahun sedangkan untuk investor keuntungan sebesar Rp 1.023.246.397,00 per tahun  dan analisis kelayakan menunjukkan nilai NPV sebesar Rp 923.577.155,00 dan  nilai R/C ratio sebesar 3,00 juga didapatkan pada alternatif mekanis. Dari hasil analisis sensitivitas pada setiap alternatif, variabel yang paling berpengaruh terhadap keuntungan petani dan  investor adalah upah tenaga kerja, harga buah kakao segar, dan harga biji kering.
Pengendalian Aset Nirwujud dalam Manajemen Sistem Irigasi: Konsep dan Pengembangan Model Nugroho Tri Waskitho; Sigit Supadmo Arif; Mochammad Maksum; Sahid Susanto
agriTECH Vol 33, No 1 (2013)
Publisher : Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (317.267 KB) | DOI: 10.22146/agritech.9573

Abstract

Irrigation was an important component of the agricultural development in Indonesia, but it had many problems. Irrigation management was inefficient, irrigation networks were damaged and farmers participation were poor. These problems were caused by poor of intangible assets. The research aimed at developing the concept and the model of controlling intangible assets in irrigation system management. The research method consisted of two stages. The first stage was developing the concept. The concept of controlling intangible assets in irrigation system management was developed based on principles of knowledge management. The concept stated that intangible assets in irrigation system can be controlled using knowledge management. The second stage was developing the model which consisted of model building and sensivity analysis. Model of controlling intangible assets in irrigation system management was build using neuro-fuzzy. The model had three submodels: knowledge management, intangible assets and performance of irrigation system. Evaluating the model was done in Sapon irrigation system in Kulon Progo, Yogyakarta. Data collecting was done using questionnaire on nine Water Use Associations. Data analysis was done using Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Inference System. The model had been evaluated using correlation coefficient, Mean Absolute Percentage Error and Root Mean Square Error. Result of the study indicated that the concept of controlling intangible assets in irrigation system management had developed based on knowledge management. The concept stated that irrigation system management had to balance between tangible assets and intangible assets. Intangible assets which had amortization need be controlled. Controlling intangible assets can be done by knowledge management. The model of controlling intangible assets in irrigation system management could predict intangible assets and performance of irrigation system well. The model linked knowledge management, intangible assets and performance of irrigation system.  Knowledge management felt into four main components: learning organization, principle of organization, policy and strategy of organization and information and communication technology which controlling intangible assets in irrigation system. Intangible assets consisted of moral intelligence, emotional intelligence, creative attitude, institutional culture, and farmer participation which  controlling effectiveness of irrigation system. Learning organization was the most sensitive parameter in influencing moral intelligence and creative attitute.  Policy and strategy were the most sensitive parameter in influencing emotional intelligence, institutional cultura and farmer participation. Farmer participation was the most sensitive parameter in influencing effectiveness of irrigation system.ABSTRAKIrigasi merupakan komponen penting dalam pembangunan sektor pertanian di Indonesia namun masih mempunyai banyak permasalahan. Manajemen irigasi belum efisien, partisipasi petani yang menurun, jaringan irigasi yang rusak sehingga menurunkan kinerja sistem irigasi. Permasalahan tersebut disebabkan rendahnya kualitas aset nirwujud sistem irigasi. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengembangkan konsep dan model pengendalian aset nirwujud dalam manajemen sistem irigasi. Metode penelitian terdiri dari dua tahap. Tahap pertama adalah pengembangan konsep. Konsep pengendalian aset nirwujud dalam manajemen sistem irigasi dikembangkan dari prinsip manajemen pengetahuan. Tahap kedua adalah pengembangkan model yang terdiri dari pembangunan model dan analisis sensitivitas. Pembangunan model pengendalian aset nirwujud dalam manajemen sistem irigasi berbasis manajemen pengetahuan dengan prinsip neuro-fuzzy. Model mempunyai tiga submodel yaitu manajemen pengetahuan, aset nirwujud dan kinerja sistem irigasi. Pengujian model dilakukan di Daerah  Irigasi Sapon di Kabupaten Kulon Progo, Propinsi Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan kuesioner terhadap sembilan Perkumpulan Petani Pemakai Air. Analisa data dilakukan dengan   Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Inference System. Model dievaluasi dengan koefisien korelasi, Mean Absolute Percentage Error dan Root Mean Square Error. Penelitian menghasilkan bahwa konsep pengendalian aset nirwujud dalam manajemen sistem irigasi telah tersusun berbasis manajemen pengetahuan. Konsep menekankan bahwa manajemen sistem irigasi harus menyeimbangkan antara aset wujud dengan aset nirwujud. Aset nirwujud yang selama ini kurang diperhatikan mengalami penyusutan sehingga perlu dikendalikan. Upaya pengendalian aset nirwujud dilakukan dengan manajemen pengetahuan. Model pengendalian aset nirwujud dalam manajemen sistem irigasi yang menggunakan prinsip neuro-fuzzy dapat memprediksi aset nirwujud dan efektivitas sistem irigasi dengan cukup memadai. Model menghubungkan manajemen pengetahuan, aset nirwujud dan kinerja sistem irigasi.  Manajemen pengetahuan yang terdiri dari organisasi pembelajar, prinsip organisasi, kebijakan dan strategi organisasi, teknologi informasi dan komunikasi mempengaruhi aset nirwujud sistem irigasi. Aset nirwujud yang terdiri dari kecerdasan moral, kecerdasan emosional, sikap kreatif, budaya lembaga, dan partisipasi petani mempengaruhi efektivitas sistem irigasi. Organisasi pembelajar merupakan parameter yang paling sensitif dalam mempengaruhi kecerdasan moral dan sikap kreatif.  Kebijakan dan strategi merupakan parameter yang paling sensitif dalam mempengaruhi kecerdasan emosional, budaya lembaga dan partisipasi petani. Partisipasi petani merupakan parameter yang paling sensitif dalam mempengaruhi efektivitas sistem irigasi.
Pengembangan Konsep Agroindustri Berbasis Sistem Usahatani Terpadu di Wilayah Pasang Surut Bagian I: (Konsep Pemikiran) Rustan Massinai; Putu Sudira; Muhjidin Mawardi; Dwijono Hadi Darwanto
agriTECH Vol 33, No 1 (2013)
Publisher : Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1058.978 KB) | DOI: 10.22146/agritech.9574

Abstract

Integrated farming system was directed in efforts to lengthen biological cycle by optimizing use of agriculture and livestock products. Each chain of cycle resulted new product that have high economic value, so this system was expected to optimize empowerment and use of marginal land in all regions. The problems encountered in agricultural systems in tidal swamp land in general, i.e; (a) limitations in the form of land, human resources, technology, and capital owned by farmers, then the potential of local resources need to be managed optimally, directed, integrated and sustainable with a view to improve land productivity and living standards of farmers by way of application of integrated farming systems by integrating crop and livestock based on the potential of local areas, and (b) socio-economic problems and constraints in the development of food crops was due to a swamp area. The objective of this research was to produce integrated farming system concept to support agroindustry development in tidal swamp land in Pulang Pisau regency of Central Kalimantan province. This research was conducted with a book study method, which identifies a system consisting of integrated farming and agroindustry systems. In the both identification is performed by the system includes four aspects, i,e; economic aspects, technical aspects, social aspects of cultural and environmental. Integrated farming systems concept in tidal swamp land was generated from the production of integrated farming systems should first be processed through the processing system (agroindustry) in the form of home industry, or using a mechanical device. After that, it was carried out the marketing of products, systems concepts was expected to increase the added value of agricultural production (rice, coffee and cow). With the application of agroindustry systems in tidal swamp land Pulang Pisau regency of Central Kalimantan Province is expected to increase the economic income of farmers in village.ABSTRAKSistem pertanian terpadu diarahkan pada upaya memperpanjang siklus biologis dengan mengoptimalkan pemanfaatan hasil samping pertanian dan peternakan. Setiap mata rantai siklus menghasilkan produk baru yang memiliki nilai ekonomis tinggi, sehingga dengan sistem ini diharapkan pemberdayaan dan pemanfaatan lahan marginal di seluruh daerah dapat lebih dioptimalkan. Permasalahan-permasalahan yang dihadapi dalam sistem pertanian di daerah pasang surut secara umum, yaitu; (a) keterbatasan yang berupa lahan, sumberdaya manusia, teknologi, serta modal yang dimiliki petani, maka potensi sumberdaya lokal perlu kelola secara optimal, terarah, terpadu dan berkelanjutan dengan maksud untuk meningkatkan produktifitas lahan serta taraf hidup petani dengan cara penerapan sistem usahatani terpadu (integrated farming system) dengan mengintegrasikan tanaman dan ternak berdasarkan potensi wilayah setempat, dan (b) masalah dan kendala sosial ekonomi pengembangan tanaman pangan di daerah rawa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan konsep pengembangan sistem usahatani terpadu untuk mendukung agroindustri di lahan pasang surut di Kabupaten Pulang Pisau Provinsi Kalimantan Tengah. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode studi pustaka, yaitu mengidentifikasi sistem yang terdiri dari sistem usahatani terpadu dan sistem agroindustri.  Dalam identifikasi kedua sistem tersebut dilakukan meliputi empat aspek yaitu, aspek ekonomi, aspek teknis, aspek sosial budaya dan aspek lingkungan. Konsep sistem usahatani terpadu di lahan pasang surut yang dilakukan yaitu hasil produksi yang dihasilkan dari sistem usahatani terpadu hendaknya terlebih dahulu diolah melalui sistem pengolahan (agroindustri) baik berupa industri rumah tangga (home industry) maupun menggunakan alat mekanis, setelah itu dilakukan pemasaran produk, konsep sistem tersebut diharapkan dapat meningkatkan nilai tambah produksi pertanian (padi, kopi dan ternak sapi). Dengan penerapan sistem agroindustri di lahan pasang surut Pulang Pisau Provinsi Kalimantan Tengah diharapkan dapat meningkatkan pendapatan ekonomi petani di pedesaan.

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