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Mutiara Medika: Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan
Published by Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta
ISSN : 14118033     EISSN : 26140101     DOI : 10.18196/mm
Core Subject : Health,
Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology
Jurnal Mutiara Medika Fakultas Kedokteran dan Ilmu Kesehatan (MMJKK) Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta is a peer-reviewed and open access journal that focuses on promoting medical sciences generated from basic sciences, clinical, and community or public health research to integrate researches in all aspects of human health.
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Articles 5 Documents
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Search results for , issue " Vol 14, No 1 (2014)" : 5 Documents clear
Efikasi Fisioterapi terhadap Perbaikan Derajat Paresis Berdasarkan Status Ekonomi Penderita Stroke Muarandari, Aniesa; Wahyuliati, Tri
Mutiara Medika: Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 14, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

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Abstract

Stroke merupakan penyebab kematian ketiga tersering setelah penyakit jantung dan kanker. Stroke juga merupakan penyebab kecacatan nomor satu di dunia. Sebanyak 88% penderita stroke akut mengalami hemiparesis. Fisioterapi adalah salah satu program rehabilitasi stroke. Efikasi fisioterapi dapat dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor yaitu usia, status ekonomi dan tingkat pendidikan Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan pengaruh fisioterapi terhadap perbaikan kekuatan otot berdasarkan status ekonomi penderita stroke. Penelitian ini menilai pengaruh status ekonomi terhadap perbaikan derajat paresis pada 39 subyek. Desain penelitian ini adalah kohort retrospektif tanpa kelompok kontrol selama tiga bulan. Data diperoleh dari rekam medik dan kuesioner lalu dianalisis dengan uji Regresi dengan variabel Dummy. Analisis uji Regresi dengan variabel Dummy menunjukan nilai signifikansi antara sta­tus ekonomi dengan perbaikan derajat paresis setelah tiga bulan fisioterapi sebesar p=0,033 (R2=0,116, p<0,05). Hal ini berarti, status ekonomi berpengaruh sebesar 11,6% terhadap rerata perbaikan derajat paresis setelah fisioterapi. Disimpulkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh status ekonomi terhadap rerata nilai perbaikan derajat paresis penderita stroke. Perbaikan derajat paresis lebih baik pada penderita stroke dengan status ekonomi rendah dibandingkan status ekonomi tinggi dan menengah.Stroke is the third leading cause of death after cardiovascular disease and cancer. Stroke is also the most common cause of disability in the world. As many as 88% of patients with acute stroke have hemiparesis. Physiotherapy is one of the stroke rehabilitation program. Efficacy of physiotherapy influ­enced by several factors such age, economic status and level of education. The research aims to deter­mine the influence of physiotherapy on improving muscle strength based on economic status of stroke patient. The research assessed to the closeness of the influence economic status on the parese degree improvement in 39 subjects. The design of the research is a retrospective cohort study without control group was held for three months. Data were obtained by using medical records and questionnaire then analyzed by Dummy Regression Test. Analysis by Dummy Regression Test showed that a significance between high, medium, and low economic status with the paresis degree improvement after 3 months of physiotherapy is p=0,033 (R2=0,116, p<0,05). It means that economic status influence as many 11,6% on the mean of parese degree improvement after physiotherapy. Concluded that there are significant influence high, medium and low economic status on the mean of the parese degree improvement of patient stroke. The parese degree improvement on patient stroke with low economic status is better than high and medium.
Pengaruh Leptin terhadap Kadar Interleukin 6 Serum Tikus yang Diberi Pakan Tinggi Lemak Setiawan, Daniel; Soemardini, Soemardini; Indra, Rasjad M.
Mutiara Medika: Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 14, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

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Abstract

Pada keadaan obesitas, meningkatnya jumlah sel lemak merupakan salah satu penyebab meningkatnya sitokin proinflamasi seperti IL-6. Obesitas dapat dimulai dengan terjadinya resistensi leptin. Penurunan resistensi perifer leptin akan mengembalikan fungsi leptin dalam memecah jaringan lemak sehingga kadar IL-6 dalam serum akan turun. Dalam penelitian ini leptin eksogen diberikan untuk mengatasi resistensi perifer leptin. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah pemberian leptin eksogen dalam jangka pendek dapat mengatasi resistensi perifer leptin. Penelitian eksperimental dengan post test only control group design. Dua puluh lima tikus jantan dibagi menjadi 5 kelompok yaitu kelompok dengan pakan normal, kelompok dengan pakan tinggi lemak, kelompok pakan tinggi lemak dan pemberian leptin dosis 50 ng/ml; 100 ng/ml; dan 200 ng/ml. Tiap kelompok terdiri dari 5 ekor tikus. Setelah diberi pakan tinggi lemak enam puluh hari, tikus diberi injeksi leptin intravena sekali sehari selama 3 hari. Pada hari ke 3 setelah pemberian leptin, tikus dibedah dan diambil darahnya dari aorta. Darah disentrifus, untuk memisahkan serum dengan hematokrit, kemudian diukur kadar IL-6 dalam serum. Tikus yang diberi pakan tinggi lemak kadar IL-6 dalam serum lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan kelompok yang diberi pakan normal. Tikus yang diberi pakan tinggi lemak dan pemberian leptin mempunyai kadar IL-6 dalam serum yang lebih rendah. Disimpulkan bahwa pemberian leptin eksogen dapat mengatasi resistensi leptin sehingga kadar IL-6 dalam serum menurun.In obesity, the increasing amount of fat cells is one among many factors that causes raise in proinflammatory cytokine such as IL-6. Obesity may begin with leptin resistance. Decline in leptin pe­ripheral resistance will return leptin function in breaking down fat tissues hence the serum concentration of IL-6 will decrease. In this study, exogenous leptin was given to overcome leptin peripheral resistance. This study aims to investigate whether short course of exogenous leptin administration can overcome leptin peripheral resistance. Experimental research with posttest only control group design. Twenty five male mouses were divided into 5 groups which are: group with normal diet, high fat diet, high fat diet with 50 ng/ml leptin administration, high fat diet with 100 ng/ml leptin administration, high fat diet with 200 ng/ ml leptin administration. Every group consists of 5 mouses. After given high fat diet for 60 days, mouses were given intravenous leptin injection once daily for 3 days. On the 3rd day after leptin administration, mice were resected and blood was taken from the aorta. The blood was centrifuged to separate the serum from the hematocrit, and then concentration of IL-6 was measured from the serum. Mouses given high fat diet had higher serum IL-6 concentration compared with control group. Mouses with high fat diet with leptin administration had lower serum IL-6 concentration. It can be concluded that exogenous leptin can overcome leptin resistance, thus serum IL-6 concentration decreases.
Asosiasi Gambaran Tingkat Lesi Foto Toraks Penderita Klinis Tuberkulosis Paru dengan Diabetes Melitus Dibandingkan Non Diabetes Melitus Husein, Muhammad Fikri; Majdawati, Ana
Mutiara Medika: Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 14, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

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Abstract

Tuberkulosis di Indonesia menjadi salah satu penyebab kematian terbanyak setelah penyakit jantung dan saluran pernafasan. Prevalensi tuberkulosis meningkat seiring dengan peningkatan prevalensi Diabetes Mellitus (DM). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara gambaran tingkat lesi foto toraks penderita klinis tuberkulosis paru dengan DM dibandingkan non DM di RS PKU Muham¬madiyah I Yogyakarta. Penelitian ini adalah observasional analitik dengan desain cross sectional menggu¬nakan data sekunder catatan rekam medis pasien RS PKU Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta untuk semua kasus tuberkulosis periode Januari 2010-Desember 2012. Data rekam medis yang digunakan adalah penderita tuberkulosis paru dengan DM dan non DM yang memiliki hasil foto radiologi toraks. Hasil penelitian didapat 19 sampel tuberkulosis paru dengan DM perincian 6 sampel gambaran foto toraks lesi minimal, 10 sampel dengan lesi moderate, 3 sampel dengan lesi lanjut serta 23 sampel tuberkulosis paru non DM dengan perincian 17 sampel dengan gambaran foto toraks lesi minimal, 9 sampel dengan lesi moderat dan 6 sampel dengan lesi lanjut. Hasil analisis chi-kuadrat didapatkan nilai p 0,201 (>0,05, X2= 3,208 dan X2 tabel= 5,991 dengan db= 2). Disimpulkan bahwa tidak ada perbedaan tingkatan lesi radiologi pada pasien tuberkulosis paru dengan DM dan non DM.Tuberculosis is one of the most common cause of death after heart disease and respiratory tract in Indonesia. The prevalence of tuberculosis increases with the increased prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus (DM). This research aims to know the correlation between chest x-ray imaging in patient with clinical manifestation of pulmonary tuberkulosis with DM and without DM and severity of lungs corresponding to the level of lesion in chest X-ray examination in RS PKU Muhammadiyah I Yogyakarta. This study is observational analytic cross-sectional design using secondary data patient’s medical records RS PKU Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta for all tuberculosis cases from January 2010-December 2012. Medical record data used is a sample that includes pulmonary tuberculosis patients with DM and non DM having the photos radiology toraks. The results of research obtained 19 samples of pulmonary tuberculosis with Dia¬betes Mellitus 6 samples overview minimal radiographic lesions, 10 samples with moderate lesions, 3 samples with advanced lesions and 23 samples of non-pulmonary tuberculosis Diabetes Mellitus with 17 samples with minimal description of radiographic lesions, 9 samples with moderate lesions, and 6 samples with advanced lesions. After the data were analyzed by Chi square p value 0.201 obtained (> 0.05, X2= 3.208 and X2= 5.991 with tables db= 2. It can be concluded that there is no difference in the level of radiological lesions in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis Diabetes Mellitus and non-Diabetes Mellitus.
Kepatuhan Perawat dalam Melaksanakan Standar Prosedur Operasional Pemasangan Infus di Rumah Sakit PKU Muhammadiyah Gombong Jeli, Mutiana Muspita; Ulfa, Maria
Mutiara Medika: Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 14, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

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Pemasangan infus merupakan prosedur invasif dan merupakan tindakan yang sering dilakukan di rumah sakit (RS), namun hal ini berisiko tinggi terjadinya Hospital Acquired Infection (HAIs). Tindakan pemasangan infus akan berkualitas apabila dalam pelaksanaannya selalu patuh pada Standar Prosedur Operasional (SPO) yang telah ditetapkan demi terciptanya pelayanan kesehatan yang bermutu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana kepatuhan perawat dalam melaksanakan SPO pemasangan infus di RS PKU Muhammadiyah Gombong. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan rancangan studi kasus yang hasilnya disajikan secara deskriptif. Populasi yakni seluruh perawat RS PKU Muhammadiyah Gombong dengan jumlah sampel 42 responden. Data dikumpulkan dengan cara observasi lembar check list SPO Pemasangan Infus RS PKU Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta dan wawancara mendalam. Hasil observasi menunjukkan bahwa seluruh perawat tidak patuh (100%) dalam melaksanakan SPO pemasangan infus. Hasil wawancara mendalam menunjukkan bahwa komitmen, hubungan sosial, kelangkaan, resiprositas, validasi sosial dan otoritas terkait kepatuhan perawat belum terwujud dengan baik dalam hal pelaksanaan SPO pemasangan infus. Hal ini dapat disebabkan karena kurangnya sosialisasi dan evaluasi SPO pemasangan infus. Disimpulkan bahwa seluruh perawat tidak patuh dalam melaksanakan SPO pemasangan infus di RS PKU Muhammadiyah Gombong.Peripheral venous catheter insertion is an invasive procedure and frequently used in hospitalized patients but it could increase the risk of Hospital Acquired Infection (HAIs). Peripheral venous catheter insertion would be in best practice if the implementation is based on Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) in order to get the best quality of medical services. This research aims to know the compliance of nurse in implementing SOP of peripheral venous catheter insertion in RS PKU Muhammadiyah Gombong. This research is a qualitative case study design that the results are presented descriptively. Population consisted of all nurses in RS PKU Muhammadiyah Gombong with the number of samples were 42 respondents. Data was collected by observating the check list of SOP of Peripheral Venous Catheter Insertion and in-depth interviews. The result of observation showed that all of nurses do not comply (100%) the SOP of Peripheral Venous Catheter Insertion. The result of in-depth interviewsshowed that commitment, liking, scarcity, reciprocity, social proof and authority relating compliance in implementing SOP of Peripheral Venous Catheter Insertion have not been done well in RS PKU Muhammadiyah Gombong. Perhaps it is because the lack of socialization and evaluation of SOP of Peripheral Venous Catheter Insertion. It was concluded that all of nurses do not comply the SOP of Peripheral Venous Catheter Insertionin RS PKU Muhammadiyah Gombong.
Perbandingan Tingkat Kecemasan Primigravida dan Multigravida Dalam Menghadapi Persalinan Di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Wirobrajan Kurniawati, Hidayatul; Wahyuni, Alfaina
Mutiara Medika: Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 14, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

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Kecemasan adalah pengalaman tidak menyenangkan yang terjadi ketika seseorang merasa khawatir atau ketakutan. Diperkirakan 2%-4% diantara penduduk di suatu fase dari kehidupannya pernah mengalami kecemasan. Sebagai seorang perempuan, kehamilan dan menghadapi persalinan merupakan salah satu fase yang dapat menyebabkan kecemasan. Dibandingkan dengan primigravida, multigravida lebih berpengalaman dalam menghadapi persalinan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk membandingkan apakah terdapat perbedaan tingkat kecemasan primigravida dan multigravida dalam menghadapi persalinan. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Puskesmas Wirobrajan Yogyakarta. Jenis penelitian adalah observasional dengan teknik purposif sampling. Tingkat Kecemasan berupa data interval yang diukur menggunakan Analog Anxiety Scale (AAS). Sampel dengan jumlah 30 responden yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Data dianalisis dengan Independent-Sample T Test. Hasil penelitian diperoleh bahwa responden primigravida dengan kecemasan ringan sebanyak 4 responden (13,33%), cemas sedang sebanyak 3 responden (10%), dan cemas berat sebanyak 1 responden (3,34%). Untuk responden multigravida hanya mengalami cemas ringan dan cemas sedang masing-masing 1 responden (3,34%). Nilai signifikansi (P) 0,05. Disimpulkan bahwa primigravida memiliki tingkat kecemasan yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan multigravida dalam menghadapi persalinan.Anxiety is unpleasant experience that happen when someone feel worry or threatening. Approximately 2%-4% of population suffers from anxiety in one phase of their life. As a woman, pregnancy and facing the child birth is one phase that can caused anxiety.  Compare with primigravida, multigravida have more experience in facing the child birth. This research was to know whether there was a differentiation of anxiety level between primigravida and multigravida in facing the child birth. The research was done in Wirobrajan Primary Health Care. The study was observational with purposive sampling technique. The anxiety level was interval data that  measured using Analog Anxiety Scale (AAS). Samples with a number of 30 respondents who is appropriate with the inclusion criteria. Data was analyzed by Independent-Sample T Test. This research found that primigravida with mild anxious there were 4 respondents (13,33%), 3 respondents (10%) with moderate anxious, and  1 respondent (3,34%) with severe anxious. For multigravida, there were 1 respondent (3,34%) with mild anxious and moderate anxious. The (P) value was 0,05. It can be concluded that anxiety level of primigravida is higher than multigravida in facing the child birth.

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