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Mutiara Medika: Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan
Published by Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta
ISSN : 14118033     EISSN : 26140101     DOI : 10.18196/mm
Core Subject : Health,
Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology
Jurnal Mutiara Medika Fakultas Kedokteran dan Ilmu Kesehatan (MMJKK) Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta is a peer-reviewed and open access journal that focuses on promoting medical sciences generated from basic sciences, clinical, and community or public health research to integrate researches in all aspects of human health.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 3 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue " Vol 8, No 2 (2008)" : 3 Documents clear
Pewarnaan Gigi Buatan untuk Keperluan Penelitian Mahanani, Erlina Sih
Jurnal Mutiara Medika Vol 8, No 2 (2008)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran dan Ilmu Kesehatan Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

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Abstract

Nowadays, regarding the increased of aesthetic demands, the dental staining is a common problem. It can be caused by exogenous or endogenous source. It may adhere directly to the surface, contain within calculus and soft deposit, or incorporate within the tooth structure. Many studies are conducted to evaluate the ability of material or herbal to remove or inhibit dental staining. Therefore it is needed a method to produce the artificial stain for specimen.This article has an objective to give information about the artificial dental stain for research. Combination between chlorhexidine and tea has been reported that it can produce fast and optimum artificial stain. Meanwhile it is needed artificial saliva to stimulate pellicle in the specimen surface so the stain source can attach. The clear acrylic block is used as a specimen and spectrophotometer for measuring the optical density of staining and Lobene score index for visual assessment. Pewarnaan gigi adalah masalah yang seringteijadi, bisa disebabkan faktor dari dalam maupun dari luar, dan dapat bersifat sementara di permukaan, bersatu dengan karang gigi ataupun telah masuk dalam struktur gigi. Banyak penelitian dilakukan untuk mengetahui kemampuan suatu bahan untuk mengurangi atau mencegah terjadinya pewarnaan gigi. Oleh sebab itu diperlukan suatu metoda penelitian untuk menghasilkan pewarnaan buatan pada spesimen.Tujuan penulisan artikel ini adalah untuk memberikan suatu gambaran metoda pewarnaan gigi buatan untuk keperluan penelitian. Kombinasi antara teh dan obat kumur chlorhexidine telah banyak diteliti dapat menghasilkan pewarnaan yang cepat dan optimal. Selain itu diperlukan saliva buatan untuk menghasilkanpellicle di permukaan spesimen sehingga sumber pewarna bisa menempel. Digunakan akrilik jernih sebagai spesimen dan spektrofotometer untuk mengukur optical density pewarnaan gigi dan Lobene skor indek untuk penilaian visual.
Hiperhomosisteinemia dan Faktor Risiko Kelainan Vaskuler Gugun, Adang Muhammad
Jurnal Mutiara Medika Vol 8, No 2 (2008)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran dan Ilmu Kesehatan Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

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Abstract

Homocysteine is a sulfhydryl-containing amino acid derived from the essential amino acid methionine, which is abundant in animal sources of protein. Raised plasma homocysteine (tHcY) concentrations are caused by genetic mutations, vitamin dificiencies, renal and ather diseases, numerous drugs and increasing age. Raised tHcY concentrations are associated with laboratory evidence of atherothrombotic. In experimental studies, homocysteine causes oxidative stress, damages endothelium, and enhances thrombogenicity. Epidemiological studies have shown that too much homocysteine in the blood (plasma) is related to a higher risk of coronary heart disease, stroke and peripheral vascular disease. Supplementation of folic acid with vitamin B6 and Bn combination can be lowering homocysteine. There is currently insufficient evidence to recommend routine screening and treatment of high tHcy concentrations with folic acid and other vitamins to prevent atherothrombotic vascular disease. There is the discordance between the epidemiology of homocysteine and the results of the clinical trials.Homosistein adalah asam amino sulfhydril, merupakan senyawa antara yang terbentuk dalam metabolisme asam amino esensial metionin, banyak berasal dari protein hewani. Peningkatan homosistein disebabkan oleh mutasi genetik, defisiensi vitamin, penyakit ginjal dan penyakit lain, obat-obatan dan peningkatan usia. Peningkatan kadar homosistein menyebabkan aterotrombosis. Homosistein menyebakan stress oksidatif, kerusakan endotel (disfungsi endotel) dan memacu trombosis. Studiepidemiologimemperlihatkan peningkatan homosistein plasma beihubungan dengan kejadian penyakit jantung koroner, stroke dan penyakit pembuluh darah perifer. Pemberian suplemen asam folat dengan kombinasi vitamin B6 danvitaminB12 menurunkan kadar homosistein. Buktiyang kuat untuk memberikan asam folat atau vitamin lainnya secara rutin maupun dalam terapi untuk pencegahan penyakit aterotrombosis belum didapatkan. Terdapat ketidaksesuaian antara studi epidemiologi dan clinical trial.
Khasiat Obat Nyamuk Bakar Berbahan Aktif Pyrethroid terhadap Culex quinquefasciatus pada Berbagai Kondisi Ruangan Kesetyaningsih, Tri Wulandari
Jurnal Mutiara Medika Vol 8, No 2 (2008)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran dan Ilmu Kesehatan Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

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Abstract

Lymphatic jilariasis is an important disease caused by filarial nematodes and transmitted by mosquito bites; although the disease is not fatal, it can cause a permanent disability. One important action to prevent the infection is the use of lotion repellent, mosquito coil or electrics, etc. In practice, the use of mosquito coil in the community is done in different room conditions, such as wind speed, temperature, etc. This study was to find out the efficacy of several mosquito coils which contain pyrethroids as active agent to Aedes aegypti in the different room conditions.This was a true experimental study, consisting of four groups i.e. three treatment groups of metofuthrin, d-allethrin, transfuthrin and one group as control. Each group was treated in the following conditions: 1) In a lxlxlmi box (AC, non-AC); 2) The distance of mosquito soil and mosquito cage is 0.05 m (AC, non AC); and 3). The distance of mosquito coil and mosquito cage is 1 m (AC, non-AC). The subjects were 25 Culex quinquefasciatus mosquitoes for each group with 2 replications. The observation was carried out by counting knockdown mosquito in every 5 minute during 50 minutes of exposure. Data was analyzed using Probit Analysis to determine knockdown time 50 and 90 (Kd T50 and Kd T90).The results of this study showed that Kd T50 and Kd T90 from three kinds of mosquito coil were different depending on room condition. In a closed room, mosquito coil was more efficacious in AC than non-AC room with Kd T50 13,69 in AC room and 17,71 in non-AC room; Kd T90 25,46 in AC room and 32,28 in non-AC room. In an open room, the mosquito coil was more efficacious in non-AC than in AC room in both distance of 0,5 and 1 meter between mosquito coil and mosquito cage. In distance intervention of 0.5 m, Kd T5018,35 in AC room and 17,71 in non-AC room; Kd T90 18,38 in AC room and 19,51 in non-AC room. In distance intervention of 1 m, Kd T50 45,15 in AC room and 25,12 in nonAC; Kd T90 115,03 in AC room and 46,60 in non-AC room. Mosquito coil is not efficacious in AC room with 1-meter distance between mosquito coil and mosquito cage with Kd T50 45,15 and Kd T90 115,03. In conclusion, mosquito coil was more efficacious in non-AC than AC room. Filariasis limfatik adalah penyakit penting yang disebabkan oleh cacing filariadan ditularkan melalui gigitan nyamuk; meskipun tidak berakibat fatal, namun dapat menyebabkan kecacatan permanen. Upaya penting untuk mencegah infeksi adalah penggunaan repelen atau obat nyamuk bakar (ONB) atau elektrik, dll. Pada kenyataannya penggunaan obat nyamuk bakar di masyarakat dilakukan pada kondisi lingkungan yang berbeda, dalam hal kecepatan angin, suhu ruangan dan lain-lain. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkap khasiat beberapa obat nyamuk bakar berbahan aktif pyrethtum terhadap nyamuk Aedes aegypti pada berbagai kondisi lingkungan ruangan.Penelitian ini bersifat eksperimental mumi, terdiri atas 4 kelompok yaitu kelompok perlakuan metofluthrin, d-allethrin, transfluthrin dan kontrol negatif. Masing-masing kelompok diujikan pada kondisi: 1) Dalam kotak 1 x 1 x 1 m3 (AC, non AC); 2) Jarak antara obat nyamuk dengan sangkar nyamuk 0,05 m (AC, non AC); 3) Jarak antara obat nyamuk dengan sangkar nyamuk 1 m (AC, non AC). Subyek penelitian adalah nyamuk Culex quinquefasciatus, 25 ekor tiap kelompok penelitian, replikasi 2 kali. Pengamatan dengan menilai nyamuk knock down setiap 5 menit selama 50 menit pemaparan. Data dianalisis dengan Analisis Probit untuk menentukan Knock-down Time 50 dan 90 (Kd T 50 dan 90).Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Kd T50 maupun Kd T90 dari ketiga jenis obat nyamuk berbeda, tergantung pada kondisi ruangan. Pada ruangan tertutup, ONB lebih berkhasiat pada ruangan berAC daripada non-AC, dengan KdT50 13,69 (ber-AC) dan 17,71 (non-AC); Kd T90 25,46 (ber-AC) dan 32,28 (nonAC). Pada ruangan terbuka, ONB lebih berkhasiat pada suhu ruangan non-AC daripada ber-AC baik pada jarak antara ONB dan sangkar nyamuk 0,5 m maupun 1 m. Pada perlakuan jarak 0,5m, KdT50 18,35 (berAC) dan 17,71 (nonAC); KdT90 18,38 (berAC) dan 19,51 (nonAC). Sedangkan pada perlakuan jarak 1 m, Kd T50 45,15 (berAC) dan 25,12 (nonAC); Kd T90 115,03 (berAC) dan 46,60 (nonAC). Obat nyamuk bakar tidak berkhasiat pada ruang berAC dengan jarak ONB dan sangkar nyamuk 1 m dengan KdT50 45,15 danKdT90 115,03. Secara umum dapat disimpulkan bahwa ONB lebih berkhasiat pada suhu ruangan nonAC daripada berAC.

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