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INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACY

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Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada

ISSN : 23389427 EISSN : 23389486 DOI : -

Core Subject : Health,

Medicine & Pharmacology

Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy (ISSN-e: 2338-9486, ISSN-p: 2338-9427), formerly Majalah Farmasi Indonesia (ISSN: 0126-1037). The journal had been established in 1972, and online publication was begun in 2008. Since 2012, the journal has been published in English by Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada (UGM) Yogyakarta Indonesia in collaboration with IAI (Ikatan Apoteker Indonesia or Indonesian Pharmacist Association) and only receives manuscripts in English. Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy is Accredited by Directorate General of Higher Education (DGHE) DIKTI No. 58/DIKTI/Kep/2013.

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Articles 8 Documents

Search results for , issue "Vol 23 No 3, 2012" : 8 Documents clear

DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION OF IN SITU GELS OF MOXIFLOXACIN FOR THE TREATMENT OF PERIODONTITIS Hareesh Babu Kunche; Mohammed Gulzar Ahmed; Narayana Charyulu Rompicharla
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy Vol 23 No 3, 2012
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

Gel dosage forms are successfully used as drug delivery systems to control drug release and protect the medicaments from a hostile environment. The main objective of the present investigation is to formulate and evaluate in situ gels of moxifloxacin for the treatment of periodontitis using gellan gum and sodium alginate based on the concept of ion activated systems. The system utilizes polymers that exhibit sol-to-gel phase transition due to change in specific physico-chemical parameters. Sol-to-gel transformation occurred in the presence of monovalent/divalent cations. It was found that increase in the concentration of calcium ions produced stronger gels. Formulations were evaluated for gelling capacity, drug content, clarity, viscosity, gel strength, spread ability, microbiological studies and in vitro release. The results shown by the above characterization studies were found to be satisfactory. Experimental part showed that viscosity of sols and gel strength was increased with increase in the concentration of polymers and the sustained release of drug was observed. The formulations were therapeutically efficacious, sterile and provided sustained release of the drug over a period of time. These results demonstrated that the developed system is an alternative to conventional drug delivery systems, provides patient compliance and economical.Key words: in situ gels, moxifloxacin, periodontitis, polymers, Ion activation.

ATTEMPTED SYNTHESIS OF BIS-SPIROEPOXIDE DITHIANEDIOXIDE Ritmaleni Ritmaleni; Varinder K. Aggarwal
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy Vol 23 No 3, 2012
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

The bis-spiroepoxide dithiane dioxide has been attempted to be synthesised as its role as an intermediate in the synthesis of diaminopimelic acid (DAP). The first method was carried out by reacting the 3-dithiane-2-diethylphosphonate 4 with an aqueous solution of the commercially available glutaraldehide resulting the bis-ketene dithiane dioxide 5. The second alternative method was involving the ozonolysis of cyclopentene 7 in the synthesis of bis-ketene dithiane dioxide 5 in four step reactions which gave moderate to good yield. Unfortunately, epoxidation process for the bis-ketene dithiane dioxide 5 was still unsuccess yet.Key words: synthesis, diaminopimelic acid, bis-spiroepoxide dithiane dioxide

ELECTROCHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF ZINECARD IN PHARMACEUTICAL AND BIOLOGICAL SAMPLES Chennupalle Nageswara Reddy; Puthalapattu Reddy Prasad; Neelam Yugandhar Sreedhar
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy Vol 23 No 3, 2012
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

Zinecard is used to prevent a toxic effect to heart caused by certain medicines that are used to treat cancer. Zinecard is also used to treat tissue damage caused by the leakage of certain medicines that are used to treat cancer. Differential pulse polarographic method developed for the quantitative determination of zinecard gives a peak at -0.32 V at DME. From the structural point of view zinecard contains a >C=Omoiety which can be electrochemically reduced at universal buffer (pH 4.0). Millicoulometric experiment is performed successfully in estimating the number of electrons and proton to understand reduction mechanism. The differential pulse polarographic peak was adequately well-resolved, reproducible and linear dependent with the zinecard concentration. For quantification the calibration plot for zinecard concentrations ranging between 1.0×10-5mol dm-3 to 1.0×10-8mol dm-3 at pH 4.0 was selected. The proposed differential pulse polarographic method was successfully applied to the determination of zinecard in pharmaceutical formulations and urine samples.Key words: Zinecard, DPP, pharmaceutical formulations and urine samples.

Satyrium nepalense: A RARE MEDICINAL ORCHID OF WESTERN HIMALAYA (INDIA); PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING, ANTIMICROBIAL EVALUATION AND CONSERVATION STUDIES Mishra, Abhay Prakash; Saklani, Sarla
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy Vol 23 No 3, 2012
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

Satyrium nepalense is an endangered medicinal herb found at the higher altitude of 2400-5000m. Local inhabitant used tubers of Satyrium nepalense as an energetic tonic and as an important medicine to cure different type of fever in traditional health care system of Uttarakhand (INDIA). Present study was carried out to evaluate the phytochemical, antibacterial screening against four (Streptococcus mutans, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumoniae) microorganisms in methanolic extracts and habitat studies for conservation of S. nepalense. Tubers of Satyrium nepalense were extracted separately with methanol by hot extraction process using soxhlet apparatus. The extracts were subjected to Lyophilization to get dry extract and preserved in aseptic condition. The different group reagents used for phytochemical screening as dragendorffs’s for alkaloid, molisch’s test for carbohydrates, shinoda test for flavonoids etc. Antibacterial study was carried out by disc diffusion method. The highest zone of inhibition was recorded as 15.0±0.00 mm against Klebsiella pneumonia and 15.0±0.82 mm against Staphylococcus aureus. Phytochemical screening shows the presence of alkaloids, carbohydrates/glycosides, flavonoids and unsaturated sterols/triterpenes in Satyrium nepalense. The result indicates that methanolic extract of Satyrium nepalense shows potent antibacterial activity against all four bacterial strains.Key words: Uttarakhand, Satyrium nepalense, medicinal orchid, antibacterial, phytochemicals

ISOLATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF FLAVONOIDS FROM Sesamum indicum Priyanka Sharma; Renu Sarin
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy Vol 23 No 3, 2012
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

Natural substances have long served as sources of therapeutic drugs. Many substances have been derived from traditional medicines. The plants are rich in secondary metabolites. The medicinal properties of these plants have been attributed to the biochemicals present in the plant materials. In addition to their role in human and animal nutrition, knowledge of micronutrients and phytochemical composition is fundamental to the understanding of modes and mechanisms of action of medicinal plants in general. In the present investigation, quercetin and kaempferol have been isolated and identified from stem, leaves and unorganized cultures of Sesamum indicum and maintained by frequent subculturings on Murashige and Skoog’s medium (1962) supplemented with NAA+BAP(5.0+0.5mg/L). The study showed that maximum content of quercetin and kaempferol was observed in 6 weeks old calli and minimum in stem of S. indicum. The structure of the isolated compound was established on the basis of physical, chemical test and spectroscopic evidences.Key words: Flavonoids, quercetin, kaempferol, Sesamum indicum

QSAR MODELING OF 2-[CH(OH)X]-5,8-(OY)2 -1,4-NAPHTHOQUININES AGAINST L1210 CELLS USING MULTIPLE LINEAR REGRESSION Ajeet .; Brajpal Singh; Vipul Kumar
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy Vol 23 No 3, 2012
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

Quinones are present in many drugs such as anthracyclines, daunorubicin, doxorubicin, mitomycin, mitoxantrones and saintopin, which are used clinically in the therapy of solid cancers. The cytotoxic effects of these quinone are mainly due to the inhibition of DNA topoisomerase-II. It is the necessity to develop the 1,4-Naphthoquinone analogues with Cytotoxic effect. Here 2-[CH(OH)X]-5,8-(OY)2-1,4-Naphthoquinines analogues have been used to correlate the cytotoxic activity with the Eccentric Connectivity index (ECI), Fragment Complexity (FC) and McGowan Volumes (MG) for studying the Quantitative Structure Activity Relationship (QSAR). Correlation may be an adequate predictive model which can help to provide guidance in designing and subsequently yielding greatly specific compounds that may have reduced side effects and improved pharmacological activities. We have used Multiple Linear Regression (MLR), one of the best methods for developing the QSAR model. Results from this QSAR study have suggested that ECI, FC and MG are the important descriptors for cytotoxic activities of 1,4-Naphthoquinones against L1210 cells. For the validation of the developed QSAR model, statistical analysis such as data point-descriptor ratio, fraction of variance, cross validation test, standard deviation, quality factor, Fischer’s test; and internal validation such as Y-randomization test have been performed and all the tests validated this QSAR model.Key words: 1,4-Naphthoquinones, QSAR, Eccentric connectivity index, Fragment complexity, McGowan Volume, Multiple Linear Regression

EXPRESSION OF RECOMBINANT HUMAN ERYTHROPOIETIN WITH GLYCOSYLATION MODIFICATION IN HEK293T CELLS Endah Puji Septisetyani; Yana Rubiyana; Popi Hadi Wisnuwardhani; Andri Wardiana; Adi Santoso
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy Vol 23 No 3, 2012
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

Stability of erythropoietin (EPO) depends on its glycosylation states. With more glycosylation sites, the EPO protein will be more stable and also increase its half-life. A construct of recombinant human erythropoietin (rhEPO) which contains 2 additional N-link for glycosylation were designed. Based on translation analysis using ORF (open reading frame)-finder and protein alignment analysis using blast-p of NCBI home page, expected recombinant hEPO with additional 6-histidin tag in carboxyl terminus was expressed. HEK293T cells were transfected with recombinant plasmid containing rhEPO by using calcium phosphate method. Expression of rhEPO was detected by dot blot and Western blot analysis using hEPO antibody as the primary antibody and antirabbit antibody with alkaline phospatase linked as the secondary antibody. The bands were detected by BCIP/NBT color development substrate. The data indicated detection of EPO in culture medium of transfected HEK293T cells.Key words: HEK293T cell, calcium phosphate transfection, N-linked glycosylation, recombinant human erythropoietin

A BIOAVAILABILITY STUDY OF INDONESIAN GENERIC TABLET OF CAPTOPRIL IN HEALTHY VOLUNTEERS Nugroho, Agung Endro; Hakim, Arief Rahman; ., Purwantiningsih; Hakim, Lukman
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy Vol 23 No 3, 2012
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

CaptoprilÂ isÂ aÂ selectiveÂ inhibitorÂ ofÂ angiotensin-converting enzymeÂ (ACE)Â andÂ isÂ formulatedÂ byÂ severalÂ pharmaceutical companies in Indonesia. This study was conducted to compare the bioavailabilityÂ ofÂ aÂ captoprilÂ tabletÂ withÂ referenceÂ productsÂ in healthyÂ volunteers.Â TheÂ relativeÂ bioavailabilityÂ ofÂ captoprilÂ was determined in single dose, randomized, crossover,Â andÂ two-phase studies.Â TheÂ relativeÂ bioavailabilityÂ ofÂ theÂ testÂ productÂ (aÂ generic captopril 50 mg tablet) with respect to the reference product was determined. Twelve healthy volunteers in two groups took part in theseÂ studiesÂ andÂ tookÂ eitherÂ theÂ testÂ orÂ referenceÂ tabletsÂ inÂ the firstÂ phase Â andÂ receivedÂ theÂ otherÂ tabletÂ inÂ theÂ secondÂ phaseÂ of eachÂ study.Â TheÂ bioavailabilityÂ parametersÂ includeÂ theÂ peak concentrationÂ ofÂ captoprilÂ inÂ serumÂ (Cmax);Â theÂ timeÂ toÂ achieve theÂ peakÂ concentrationÂ (Tmax);Â andÂ theÂ areaÂ underÂ theÂ curveÂ of captoprilÂ inÂ serumÂ versusÂ time.Â Non-compartmentalÂ analysisÂ on observed concentration versus time data has resulted in the mean value of Cmax of 545.26 Â± 22.90 ng/mL (test product) and 548.91 Â± 25.07 ng/mL (reference product) and mean Tmax of 1.13 Â± 0.08 hoursÂ (testÂ product)Â andÂ 1.08Â Â± 0.08Â hoursÂ (referenceÂ product), meanÂ ofÂ AUC0-7Â valueÂ ofÂ 1820.51Â Â± 75.31Â ng.Â hour/mLÂ (test product)Â andÂ 1822.09Â Â± 99.29Â ng.Â hour/mLÂ (referenceÂ product), andÂ meanÂ ofÂ AUC0-infÂ valueÂ of 1967.83Â Â±Â 95.65Â ng. hour/mLÂ (test product)Â andÂ 1996.94Â Â± 124.52Â ng.Â hour/mLÂ (referenceÂ product). Based on the data, it can be concluded that there is no significant differenceÂ (p>0.05)Â inÂ bioavailabilityÂ betweenÂ bothÂ captopril Tablet (test and reference product).Key words: Bioequivalence, Captopril, HPLC, Human serum, GenericÂ

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