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INDONESIA
BERITA BIOLOGI
Published by Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 32 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 4, No 5 (1999)" : 32 Documents clear
REGENERASI TANAMAN DARI JARINGAN KOTILEDON +RUAS BENIH KEDELAI, {Glycine max L., KULTIVAR WILIS) DENGAN RADIASI SINAR GAMMA [Plant Regeneration from Cotyledons of Mature Soybean ( Glycine max L. Wilis Cultivar Using Gamma Rays] Hutabarat, Dameria; Ratma, Rivaie
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 4, No 5 (1999)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (412.161 KB) | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v4i5.1245

Abstract

Soybean Wilis cultivar was efficiently regenerated in vitro via somatic embryogenesis. Cotyledonary explants were excised from mature geminating seeds. Seeds were germinated on agar solution and on B5 medium enriched with 5 ppm BA, 0,25 pom IBA and 500 ppm casein hydrolyzate. Cotyledonary nodes from both germinating seeds were excised and cultured on B5 medium enriched with 5 ppm BA, 0,25 ppm IBA and 500 ppm casein hydrolyzate. Age of seedlings had a remarkable influence on shoot regeneration. Cotyledon from seeds germinated on agar solution with light gave better result in shoot regeneration compare with those germinated in darkness. The highest number of regenerants per explants (5 shoots) was produced by cotyledon from seeds germinated on 65 medium enriched with 5 PPM BA, 0,25 PPM IBA and 500 PPM casein hydrolyzate in darkness. The seeds of soybean were exposed to gamma-rays doses 10 Gy then germinated on S5 medium enriched with 5 PPM BA,0,25 PPM IBA and 500 ppmcase/n hydrolyzate did not improve the number of plant regeneration.Only 5-day-old seedlings from seeds were exposed to gamma-rays dose 30 Gy could improve the number of shoot regeneration, one of the cotyledonary node treated produced 21 regeneration shoots.
PENGUJIAN PERTUMBUHAN DAN DAYA HASIL BEBERAPA GALUR TANAMAN CABE MERAH {Capsicum annuunft.) HASIL PERLAKUAN COLCHICINE [Growth and Yield Potential Testing of Some Colchicine-treated Red Pepper (Capsicum annuumh.)Lines}. Witono, Joko R
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 4, No 5 (1999)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (376.721 KB) | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v4i5.1250

Abstract

This experiment aims to examine first generation (F1) of some lines of red pepper (taosicum annuum L) resulted by colchicine treatments,the examinatton covering growth and yield characters.The method was Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with 16 lines resulted generation combination soaking time in colchicine solution (0, A 16, and 24 hours) and the red pepper varieties (Cipanas, Bengkulu, Jatilaba, and TIT super). The best growth character is 65, and the best yield character isG16.High heritability characters (height of plant, age of blossom, length of fruit, diameter of fruit, and weight of fruit) could be chosen for selection and plant breeding programs.
ANALISIS VARIASI GENETIK Saccharomyces cerevisiae Dl TAHAN ETANOL DENGAN RAPD (RANDOM AMPLIFIED POLYMORPHIC DNA) [Genetic Variation Analysis of Ethanol Tolerance Yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae Dl by Using RAPD] Julistiono, Heddy; Yulineri, Titin; Hanjono, Sukamto
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 4, No 5 (1999)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (444.724 KB) | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v4i5.1240

Abstract

Genetic variations among 3 cultures, which were treated with or without Mn of Saccharomvces cerevisiae D1, were analyzed using RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA ) technique. The Mn-treatment of three cultures were as follows: the culture KMn was D1 strain, the culture Mn+ was D1 strain colony survived in ethanol 20%, which was previously treated with 0,5 mU MnSOt and the culture Mn- was a D1 colony survived in ethanol 20% without MnSOi treatment. Polymorphism of total DNA of the three cultures may indicate that mutation may occur in cells which were tolerant to ethanol. The locus or base change was not identified. However, since the oxygen uptake rate of the three cultures at catabolite derepression state were identical,the results suggest that the locus may not be in mitochondrial DNA encoding respiratory chain proteins. The relation between DNA polimorphic and ethanol tolerant cell is still to be clarified.
PENERAPAN TEKNOLOGI FERMENTASI PADA BIOPROSES FERMENTASI MINYAK KELAPA (FERMIKEL) [Bioprocessing of Fermented Coconut Oil by Application of Fermentation Technology] Joko Sulistyo; Sulistyo, Joko; Soeka, Yati Sudaryati; Triana, Evi; Napitupulu, Rostiati NR
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 4, No 5 (1999)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (422.461 KB) | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v4i5.1246

Abstract

Methods of extracting oil from coconut endosperm by fermentatbn were studied. The factors which must be controlled to break the emulsion and liberate oil were investigated. It was found that grinding conditions exerted a profound effect upon the stability of the coconut milk emulsion. The optimum condition for rapid fermentathn of coconut milk was related to the condition during incubation period. The fermentation progressed best under mild conditions (28°C-40°Cj. The fermentation was successful in breaking the emulsion at a relatively broad of range and titrable acidity. Coconut cream and small volume of coconut water and "lontar" (palmyra palmj-sap were incubated separately with some strains of Bacillus species, which were preincubated in a coconut tomato-extract sugar (CTSj medium using a shaker, and grown as a starter under conditions that allowed for coconut oil production at pH 4,0-5,0 and 30 C°- 40 "C for 12-24 h. The organism destabilizes the emulsion, apparently by metabolizing sugars, resulting in the production of protein curd and high-quality oil. The palm sap and coconut water to the cream ratio of fermentation medium influenced the performance of oil produced and the bacteria grew well and produced oil in non sterile systems. The oil recovered was about 25 to 20% while average amount of oil in the coconut is approximately 25-35%, which means that only 83,33 to 66,67% oil was recovered. The oil contained little free fatty acid and very low concentration of cholesterol (0,0095 mg/ml), while the traditional coconut oil and commercially palm oil were 0,0111 mg/ml and 0,0132 mg/ml, respectively.
GAMBARAN MORFOLOGI BUAH/BIJI PERUD PUSPA (BALANOPHORA FUNGOSA J.R. & G. FORST. SSP. INDICA (ARN.) B. HANSEN VAR. GLOBOSA (JUNGH.) B. HANSEN) Sunaryo, Sunaryo
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 4, No 5 (1999)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v4i5.1253

Abstract

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PEMANFAATAN KUSKUS OLEH MASYARAKAT PEDALAMAN IRIAN JAYA Farida, W Rosa; Semiadi, Gono; Wirdateti, Wirdatcti
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 4, No 5 (1999)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v4i5.1254

Abstract

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DINAMIKA POPULASI MIKROBA BENTUK FILAMEN PADA PROSES ANAEROBIK-AEROBIK UNTUK PENAMBATAN POSPAT DENGAN MIKROBA I Made Sudiana
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 4, No 5 (1999)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v4i5.1252

Abstract

Filamentous bulking is commonly observed in activated sludge treatment plant. The present study is intended to study the dynamic of filamentous organism in enhanced biological phosphorous removal. An anaerobic-aerobic sequential batch reactor was operated at 6 cycles per day with anaerobic phase for 55 minutes, aerobic phase for 135 minutes and settling phase for 60 minutes. Population of filamentous organism were counted and identified.Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with oligonucleotide probe specific for the alpha, beta, gamma sub class Proteobacteria and gram positive high GC DNA content organism was done to identify in-situ community of filamentous organism in the activated sludge. Them were 4 major filamentous organisms namely Type 021N, 0041, Micmthrix oarvicella and Haliscomenobacter hydrosis, in which type 021N was always dominant. Deterioration of enhanced biological phosphorous removal process was observed when filamentous organism outgrew. Probing technique with oligonucleotide probe revealed that filamentous organism mostly belong to the gamma sub class of Proteobacteria.
TOLERANSI BEBERAPA GENOTIPE Vigna umbellata (THUMB.) TERHADAP SUHU TINGGI PADA BERBAGAI TAHAP PERTUMBUHAN Yuyu Suryasari Poerba; Fauzia Syarif
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 4, No 5 (1999)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v4i5.1243

Abstract

Degree of electrolyte leakage (EL) from leaf tissue after exposure to high temperature has been used as an indicator of heat tolerance. Inthe present study, EL was measured in an attempt to estimate heat tolerance of Viana umbellata (Thumb.) genotypes at three different growth phases. The degree of heat injury is significantly different among the three growth phases and among the genotypes as well as their interaction. However, the degree of heat injury tends to increase over the plant growth. The 18 genotypes of V. umbellata shows moderate genetic variability as shown by its value of genetic variance (46,25 ±16,35), phenotypic variance (85,37 ±27,60), and coefficient of genetic variation (26,36%).
PENELITIAN EKOLOGI HUT AN LAHAN PAMAH DI BARITO ULU, KALIMANTAN TENGAH: II. SERASAH DAN KANDUNGAN HARANYA Edi Mirmanto
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 4, No 5 (1999)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v4i5.1248

Abstract

A study on litterfall and their nutrient content has been conducted in the Barito Ulu research station, Central Kalimantan. Five plots of 50m x 50m were established to describe the forest structure and floristic composition. In each plot 10 of 1m x 1m litter-traps were emplaced on 25-28 April 1994, and litterfaii (ieaves, branches, flowers+fruits and miscellaneous) was collected twice at the mid and the end of month from May 1994 until May 1995. The litterfall chemical analyses were made for sampbs collected in May, June, July 1994 (dry season) and November and December 1994 and January 1995 (wet season). The mean annual total litterfall in the five plots was 8,4 t ha' yr< (range 7,3-9,5). The total litterfall was highest in October 1994 coinciding with the later part of dry season. The litterfall mineral-element concentrations and accession were below or within the range reported for other tropical forests. On the basis of Vitousek litter nutrient concentration hypothesis phosphorus tended to be more efficiently used than nitrogen. This means that growth of forest would be expected to be more limited by phosphorus. However the results of fertilization experiment in this forest suggested that primary production of forest might be more limited by nitrogen. This is a new information that primary production of lowland tropical forest was also limited by nitrogen. The results in detail of the fertilization experiment will be published separately.
KEMAMPUAN HIDUP KOLONI-KOLONI WERENG HIJAU Nephotettix virescens (Distant) PADA BEBERAPA GOLONGAN KETAHANAN VARIETAS PADI Trisnaningsih Trisnaningsih; SS Siwi; MM Muhadjir; M Amir
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 4, No 5 (1999)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v4i5.1239

Abstract

The experiment was carried out in the Laboratory of Rice Research Institute Bogor, on October 1996 to February 1997. The aim of the experiment was to study the survival rate and nymphal stages of these cobnies on a set group of rice varieties with different gen of resistance agains tungro disease. How far the source of resistance gen has been broken after the varieties have been planted by farmers alter several years. The source of colonies were taken from Bali, Central Java, West Java and South Sulawesi. Observation has been taken for the survival rate and the nymph period of each colony on each of varieties tested i. e. TO-Cisadane; T1-IR26; T2- Ciliwung; T3-IR 64 and T4-IR 72. The Completed Randomised Design was used to analyze the results. The results indicated that IR 72 still show resistance to N. virescens Bali colony and Centra! Java as shown from the longer of nymph periods compared to Cisadane as control variety. The survival rate was also still tow (21,66%), while on susceptible variety Cisadane reached around 66,66%. However, from West Java and South Sulawesi colonies, IR 72, no significant different has been found with Cisadane. IR26 and Ciliwung found to be resistant against colony of South Sulawesi as indicated from the low of survival rate i.e 10% and 28,33% respectively. IR 64 has been adapted for all colonies tested as shown from the higher of survival rate and the shorter of nymph's periods.

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