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BERITA BIOLOGI

berita_biologi
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Published by Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia

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Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology

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Articles 34 Documents

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Search results for , issue "Vol 5, No 2 (2000)" : 34 Documents clear

TATA AIR PODOLANDAK (Baccaurea sp.), SPESIES JARANG KAWASAN HUTAN TROPIK TERDEGRADASI AKIBAT PENAMBANGAN EMAS DI BOJONGPARI, JAMPANG, PELABUHAN RATU, JAWA BARAT Naiola, B. P.
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 5, No 2 (2000)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Forest exploitation activities always brings some environmental problems such as reduction in individual plant or species biodiversity and some physical deterioration which lead to microclimate change.This study presenting the results of measurement of plant-water relations against a shrub plant (Sundanese) podolakan (Baccaurea sp.),a rare species in a degraded tropical forest land under gold mining pressure in Jampang,Pelabuhan Ratu, West Java.Results shows that no significant differences between plants growing in the degraded and non-degraded (natural) sites in their water relations aspects emphasized on water potential components i.e. total water potential (Â¥, -MPa): 0,48 and 0,38, osmotic potential (Â¥â, -MPa):1,64 and 1,44 and turgor pressure (y/p, MPa): 1,16 and 1,06 respectively. The values of their fat turgorloss point showed no significant different either between degraded and natural sites, i.e. -1,93 MPa and -1,43 MPa.Interestingly, in comparison with the dominant species i.e. puspa (Schima wallichii (DC) Korth.) in the non-degraded site, results shows a significant different between these two degraded forest species in their Â¥â (0,01>P>0,001), where there was better developed in the rare species (-1,44 MPa) than the dominant ones (-1,29 MPa). While in the degraded site, there was also a significant different (P<0,001),where the rare species had better development (-1,64 MPa) than the dominant (-0,67 MPa). It seems that the dominant spesies in the degraded site underwent more environmental (water) stress than the rare species as shown by more negative of its Y (-0,82 MPa),while rare species was only -0.48 MPa. Water potentials at turgor loss points were not significantly different between Baccaurea sp. in degraded and natural sites.It is suggested that even though as a rare species, Baccaurea sp.retained better water status. This is maybe due to its position in the forest as lower strata plants, thus received less effect of climatic stress in upper canopy such as more light intensity and bigger wind flow. Hence, in natural reclamation, plant species like Baccaurea sp. may have better chance to role as pioneering species. No significant differences in f at f(turgor loss points) between the degraded and natural sites (-1..93 and -1,43 MPa respectively). It is suggested that water is not a limiting factor for the plants in degraded tropical forest site under gold mining pressure.

HUBUNGAN AIR DAN TANAMAN DIPELAJARI SECARA TERINTEGRASI DENGAN MODEL SIMULASI DINAMIK Hidayati, Nuril
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 5, No 2 (2000)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Water is the most crucial factor in affecting plant growth and production.In order to assess the complex relationship between plant and water,a dynamic model of crop growth was constructed by interlinking plant growth and soil water models.The growth model mainly consists of physiological processes, i.e.photosynthesis, respiration, partitioning, leaf growth and phenological development.The photosynthesis and partitioning models are based on SUCROS, extended in two ways, the calculation of light use efficiency as a function of air temperature and extinction coefficient as a function of LAI.The development model was calculated based on thermal time concept.Water balance model comprises evaporation and transpiration as water losses, and rainfall and irrigation as water sources at 1 m - depth. Evaporation was based on Penmann Monteith formula.Both models were linked by relating the degree of growth reduction to water deficits. Simulation results showed a good agreement with observed data in predicting soil water deficits and crop water use for all of the treatments, i.e.irrigated, irrigated just after flowering, dry and rainfed.Despite the model predicted soil water considerably well, it tent to overestimate soil water deficits in the beginning of the growing period for both years. The results also showed a good agreement between simulated and observed dry matter production,especially under irrigated and rainfed conditions.

PENGGUNAAN MODEL DENGAN PROGRAM CSMP UNTUK MENDUGA POTENSI HASIL PADI BERDASARKAN PENDEKATAN IKLIM, TANAH DAN TANAMAN Estiningtyas, Woro
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 5, No 2 (2000)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Most of rice yield potential prediction models are focussed on optimization of two factors(i. e. soil and crop factors) than another(climate).It is probably due to significant influence of soil and crop factors thananother in rice production.In fact,the result of yield prediction taking into account soil and climate is not sufficient because climate will became limiting factor.In order to integrate climate with soil and crop factors in rice yield potential prediction,the CSMP(Continuous System Modelling Program) model is used in this research.The results of simulation shows that through climate optimization, actual rice yield production can be increased 1500-2000 kg more than actual production.Yield potential during one year can be optimised.Moreover,CSMP can give suggestion in.the efficient use of natural ressources such as nitrogen, phosphor and potassium.

KOLEKSINE MATODA DARI SULAWESI Purwaningsih, E; Hartini, S; Saim, A
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 5, No 2 (2000)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

IDENTIFIKASI LAHAN BAGI PENGEMBANGAN TANAMAN JAHE (Zingiber offlcinale Rose.) DAN MELINJO (Gnetum gnemon L.) Effendi, Dedi Soleh
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 5, No 2 (2000)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/bb.v5i2.1156

Ginger (Zingiber officinale Rose.)and melinjo (Gnetum gnemon L) are potential comodities that have great opportunity to be promoted.Ginger is one of nine spices in international trade (and its market is also available in Indonesia and foreign market),while melinjo is known for long time and has high economic value. One important in promoting both comodities had to be known land potency in which both comodities would be cultivated.Land identification would be base on soil analysis in the laboratory,land ability map and field observation. Evaluation of soil fertility criteria and land suitability based on TOR Classification of land ability from Center Research of Soil and Agroclimate.Evaluation of soil chemical properties include N-toial, P-available, exchangeable potassium, cation exchange capacity, pH, and C-organic content.Evaluation of soil physical properties include soil-texture, drainage, soil effective depth and climate.The aim of this study was to observe real/current and potential land suitability level for ginger and melinjo in Lebak District.The result showed that land potency for promoting ginger and melinjo were 89 ha and 71 - 98 ha respectively.

ISOLASI, SELEKSI, DAN KARAKTERISASI MIKROBA PENDEGRADASI ASETONITRIL DARI LIMBAH INDUSTRI Sunarko, Bambang; Adityarini, Adityarini; Tambunan, Usman Sumo F; Sulistinah, Nunik
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 5, No 2 (2000)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

A number of microbes which could grow on acetonitrile were isolated and selected from industrial effluents and were studied to characterise the isolate which has the best degrading capability.Cultures were grown on mineral medium with microelements and acetonitrile was added as sole source of energy, carbon, and nitrogen.Isolate D5, identified as Corynebacteriumsp.,was able to grow on high concentration acetonitrile (up to 5 % v/v) and exhibited the highest specific growth rate (j).When Corynebacterium D5 grew on 2 % (v/v) acetonitrile,the doubling time was 6 hours 40 minutes,the specific growth rate (p) was 0.1 h and the acetonitrile decreasing rate was 3.99 mM/h.Increasing of acetonitrile concentration would extend the doubling time, decline the maximum growth and specific growth rate (i), and biomass production of Corynebacterium 05.The products of acetonitrile degradation by Corynebacterium D5 were acetamide, acetic acid, and ammonia.The maximum growth of Corynebacterium D5 showed when /3-aminopropionitrile was used as a substrate.

BEBERAPA CATATAN TENTANG ASPEK PERTUMBUHAN, MAKAN DAN REPRODUKSIIKAN NILEM PAITAN (Osteochilus jeruk Hadiaty & Siebert, 1998) Hadiaty, Renny Kurnia
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 5, No 2 (2000)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Osteochilus jeruk is one of the two new species of Osteochilus occuring in Gunung Leuser National Park, Aceh, Sumatra, Indonesia.It has a big size and beautiful colour, so it is potential as food and aquarium fish. Notes on growth, food and reproduction were examined as base for the culture of this fish.

TATA AIR PODOLANDAK (Baccaurea sp.), SPESIES JARANG KAWASAN HUTAN TROPIK TERDEGRADASI AKIBAT PENAMBANGAN EMAS DI BOJONGPARI, JAMPANG, PELABUHAN RATU, JAWA BARAT B. P. Naiola
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 5, No 2 (2000)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v5i2.1157

Forest exploitation activities always brings some environmental problems such as reduction in individual plant or species biodiversity and some physical deterioration which lead to microclimate change.This study presenting the results of measurement of plant-water relations against a shrub plant (Sundanese) podolakan (Baccaurea sp.),a rare species in a degraded tropical forest land under gold mining pressure in Jampang,Pelabuhan Ratu, West Java.Results shows that no significant differences between plants growing in the degraded and non-degraded (natural) sites in their water relations aspects emphasized on water potential components i.e. total water potential (¥, -MPa): 0,48 and 0,38, osmotic potential (¥„, -MPa):1,64 and 1,44 and turgor pressure (y/p, MPa): 1,16 and 1,06 respectively. The values of their fat turgorloss point showed no significant different either between degraded and natural sites, i.e. -1,93 MPa and -1,43 MPa.Interestingly, in comparison with the dominant species i.e. puspa (Schima wallichii (DC) Korth.) in the non-degraded site, results shows a significant different between these two degraded forest species in their ¥„ (0,01>P>0,001), where there was better developed in the rare species (-1,44 MPa) than the dominant ones (-1,29 MPa). While in the degraded site, there was also a significant different (P<0,001),where the rare species had better development (-1,64 MPa) than the dominant (-0,67 MPa). It seems that the dominant spesies in the degraded site underwent more environmental (water) stress than the rare species as shown by more negative of its Y (-0,82 MPa),while rare species was only -0.48 MPa. Water potentials at turgor loss points were not significantly different between Baccaurea sp. in degraded and natural sites.It is suggested that even though as a rare species, Baccaurea sp.retained better water status. This is maybe due to its position in the forest as lower strata plants, thus received less effect of climatic stress in upper canopy such as more light intensity and bigger wind flow. Hence, in natural reclamation, plant species like Baccaurea sp. may have better chance to role as pioneering species. No significant differences in f at f(turgor loss points) between the degraded and natural sites (-1..93 and -1,43 MPa respectively). It is suggested that water is not a limiting factor for the plants in degraded tropical forest site under gold mining pressure.

BIODEGRADASI SENYAWA ORGANIK DAN AMONIUM DALAM LIMBAH CAIR INDUSTRI MINYAK KELAPA SAWIT DENGAN SISTEM PERTUMBUHAN MIKROORGANISMA TERLEKAT Dwi Agustiyani; Hartati Imamuddin
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 5, No 2 (2000)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v5i2.1148

Efficiency of biodegradation of organic carbon and ammonium of sawit palm oil industry wastewater was investigated by using batch reactor with fluidized porous support particles.Two bioreactors, each had an effective volume of 3.0 L, were operated in parallel. Bioreactor-l is a batch reactor with fluidized porous support particles and bioreactor-ll is a suspended growth reactor.The wastewater consisting of 1500-2000 mg/L COD and 50-60 mg/L nitrogen was fed by fill and draw mode with one cycle per day,where 1.5 L treated water was drawn before adding the new wastewater.Efficiency of COD degradation and nitrification were calculated by measuring concentration of COD, ammonium-N, nitrite-N and nitrate-N.The experimental results showed that efficiency of COD degradation and nitrification tend to be higher in the bioreactor-l than in the bioreactor II.The highest efficiency of COD degradation in the reactor-l was 83.7% and in the bioreactor-ll was 63.44 %.The highest efficiency of nitrification in the bioreactor-l and bioreactor-ll was 76.72% and 56%, respectively.Ammonium removal occurred in the bioreactor might not only by biological nitrification, but also by other phisical or chemical processes.

ANALISIS DISTRIBUSI SPASIAL MARGA CURCUMA DIJAWA Roemantyo Roemantyo
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 5, No 2 (2000)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v5i2.1153

Based on the distribution data of 13 species of Curcuma found in Java,spatial analyses using land status and land used thematic maps has been earned out.The purpose of this analysis is to detenvine thehabittat that usually Curcuma grows both cultivated or wild.Cluster analysis based on distance Eucledian using Statistical Program for Social Sciences(SPSS) for Window Release 6 software was administered to classify the relation between Curcuma species and their habitat.The result showed that Curcuma domestica; C. aurantiaca, C. aeruginosa, C. zedoaria, C. xanthorhiza and C.viridifolia are wide distributed in Java, but C. mangga, C. heyneana, C. purpuracens, C. soloensis, C. euchroma, C.colorata and C. borg are strickly found in specific areas only. Eventhough C. phaeocaulis, C. sylvatica and C. ochrorhiza has been reported found in Java, that species should be monitor due to limited information of this species in Java.Spatial analyses using ArcView software showed that Curcuma found in the 13 kinds of land status and land used.Curcuma mainly occupies in the habitat that classify as a "daratan" status withlanduse status as resettlement.Beside that Curcuma are also grown in the teak forest areas, but some of them have been changed to secondary forest after the timber harvested proven by landuse thematic map.Those areas are classified as a high-risk habitat due to probability status can be changed easily.Cluster diagram analyses using land status thematic maps, showed that there are some habitat similarities among C. xanthorrhiza and C. zedoaria, and then among C. aeruginosa, C. aurantiaca, C. viridiflora and also among C. borg, C. soloensis, C. mangga, C. heyneana, C. colorata, C. euchroma and C. purpuracens. Cluster diagram analysis using land use thematic showed that maps some similarities habitat also occurred betweenC. aurantiaca and C.aeruginosa, and then between C. zedoaria, C. xanthorhiza and C. viridifolia, and also between C. mangga, C. heyneana,C. purpuracens, C. soloensis, C. euchroma, C. colorata and C. borg.

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