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BERITA BIOLOGI

berita_biologi
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Published by Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia

ISSN : - EISSN : - DOI : -

Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology

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Articles 26 Documents

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Search results for , issue "Vol 9, No 1 (2008)" : 26 Documents clear

TOLERANSI SENGON BUTO (Enterolobium cyclocarpum Griseb) YANG DITANAM PADA MEDIA LIMBAH TAILING TERCEMAR SIANIDA DENGAN PERLAKUAN PUPUK Syarif, Fauzia
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 9, No 1 (2008)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Sengon buto (Enterolobium cyclocarpum Griseb) is one of the potential plant species for land reclamation and possibly for phytoremediation because of its fast growing even on poor soil, and its ability to fertilize soil through nitrogen fixation. For phytoremediation purpose we need fast growing plant with high ability to absorp target contaminant. Fertilization is needed to improve plant growth. This experiment was carried out to study the tolerance of sengon buto (Enterolobium cyclocarpum Griseb) grown on cyanide contaminated tailing media on various level of NPK fertilizer.The sengon buto seed were planted in the tailing of gold mine media mixed with compost (4:1) in pots. Various levels of NPK fertilizer were applied i.e. 0, 2, 4, 6, 8 g/pot at 2 and 2.5 month after planting (MAP).The plant were harvested at 6 MAP. The result showed that NPK fertilizer increase plant growth at level 2 of 2 g/pot, however the value of the increment was not significantly different with control plant (0 g/pot). Cyanide content of NPK treated plants were higher than the untreated plants. The highest value of shoot/root cyanide content ratio was on the NPK untreated plants (4.34) followed by 2 g/pot treatment (3.59). It is means that sengon buto is potential for phytoremediation of tailing of gold mining.

KERUSAKAN DINDING SEL Escherichia coli OLEH MINYAK ATSIRI TEMU KUNCI (Kaempferiapandurata) Miksusanti, Miksusanti; Jennie, Betty Sri Laksmi; Ponco, Bambang; Trimulyadi, Gatot
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 9, No 1 (2008)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Antibacterial activity of temu kunci (Kaempferiapandurata) essential oil against Escherichia coli Kl.l was analyzed. Activity of antibacterial essential oil was analyzed through its ability to leak the Escherichia coli Kl.l cell wall and altering it.Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of temu kunci essential oil is 0.11% (v/v). Further studies were conducted using the concentration of 1 MIC and 2 MIC.Leakage phenomena were monitored with atomic adsorption spectrometry (AAS), and ultraviolet spectrophotometry(UV).Alteration of cell wall was analyzed with scanning electron microscopy (SEM).The optical density values observed by UV spectrophotometer for protein and nucleic acid leakage were 0.3813-0.6573 at 280 nm and 0.2186-0.5603 at 260 nm.The result showed that K. pandurata essential oil could leak the inorganic ion Ca 17-53%, and K* 9-43% from the bacteria and alter the cell wall of the bacteria.

MENGESTIMASI NILAI KERUSAKAN TUMBUHAN INANG AKIVAT PEMARASITAN BENALU Sunaryo, Sunaryo
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 9, No 1 (2008)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v9i1.810

Benalu merupakan kelompok tumbuhan parasit yang termasuk ke dalam suku (famili) Loranthaceae.Beberapa pengarang membagi suku ini menjadi duaanak suku, yaitu Loranthoideae dan Viscoideae. Tetapi beberapa pengarang lain memisahkannya menjadi dua suku tersendiri, yaitu Loranthaceae dan Viscaceae[Barlow BA. 1967. Loranthaceae. In: Flora MalesianaSeries I, vol. 13,209-401. C Kalkman, DWKirkup, HPNootebom, PF Stevens and WJJO de Wilde (Eds.). Rijksherbarium/Hortus Botanicus, The Netherlands]. Suku Loranthaceae memiliki tidak kurang dari 940 jenis(spesies), yang termasuk dalam 70 marga [Anonymous2006. Taxonomy of Loranthaceae. http://www.parasiticplants/1 .htmll. Keseluruhan jenisnya bersifat hemiparasit/ parasit fakultatif, karena di dalamsiklus hidupnya dapat melakukan proses fotosintesamelalui keberadaan pigmen hijau daun.

KERAGAMAN AKTINOMISETES KEPULAUAN WAIGEO, KABUPATEN RAJA AMPAT, PAPUA DAN POTENSINYA SEBAGAI PENDEGRADASI SELULOSADAN PELARUT FOSFAT Nurkanto, Arif
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 9, No 1 (2008)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Some Actinomycetes isolated from Waigeo Raja Ampat Regency Papua have been identified. Those isolates were also characterized for their cellulolitic and phosphate solubilizing ability. Microscopic identification was based on Miyadoh (1997) and Holt (1994) methods.Actinomycetes could be identified by microscopic observation on spores, chain spore, hypha, aerial hypha and its pigmentation.The cellulolitic ability was observed by clear zone ratio in CMC medium and phosphate solubilizing activity by the same approach in Vikoskaya medium.From 139 Waigeos Actinomycetes isolates which had been deposited in LIPI Microbial Collection (LIPIMC) were identified as 10 genera (Actinomadura, Actinoplanes, Microbiospora, Micromonospora, Nocardia, Pseudonocardia, Saccharopolispora, Streptomices, Streptosporangium and Thermomonospora). As much as 57.5% phosphate solubilizing actinomycetes and 82.7 % cellulolitic actinomycetes were detected.

POPULASI POHON JENIS DIPTEROCARPACEAE DITIGA TIPE HUTAN PAMAH KALIMANTAN Simbolon, Herwint
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 9, No 1 (2008)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Data of Dipterocarpaceae species have been extracted from 8 studied plots of 1-ha each, distributed in three types of natural forest in Kalimantan (those were 4 plots in mixed dipterocarps forest, 2 plots in peat swamp forest and 2 plots in heath forest types) for further population analysis. Number of Dipterocarpaceae species in mixed dipterocarps forest type was higher than of in two other forest types, however mean number of individual per species was higher in peat swamp and heath forest types than of in mixed dipterocarps forest type. Some of Dipterocarpaceae species are adapted to heath and peat swamp forest type conditions indicated by the number and distribution of population of the species in both forest types. The higher the population number of juvenile trees 5-10 cm in diameter, the lower population number of mature trees of diameter 50cm up, indicated the higher tree population the higher mortality rate. However, survivorship of tree will higher as the tree diameter higher. Survivorship of trees in mixed dipterocarp forest is higher than of in peat swamp and heath forest types.

POTENSI ANTIBAKTERIA EKSTRAK DAN FRAKSI LIBO (Piper miniatum BL) Priyono, Sumarnie -H
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 9, No 1 (2008)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Libo (Piper miniatum Bl.) is traditionally used in Papua as spices and tonic. Besides as food flavor, it is commonly used as food natural preservative that is related to its antibacterial activity. But so far, there is no scientific report about antibacterial activity from the plant extract.The antibacterial activity test result in this study, showed that the four extracts (n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and methanol) of libo were active against Streptococcus mutants (BCC1863) and Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923). The extracts were active only on high consentration againts Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 27853) and Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922), meanwhile on Salmonella enteriditis (BCC 2754), Staptylococcus epidermidis strain Cowan (BCC 1820) and Bacillus subtilis (ATCC 10400) gave different antibacterial effect. The n-hexane extract has the highest antibacterial activity againts S. mutans (BCC 1863). Fractionation result of n-hexane extract, F3 and F4 at concentration 124.4|ig showed antibacterial effect against Listeria monocytogenes (M 19117) equivalent to erythromycin 10 \g as standart antibiotic. While Fl and F2 at concentration 124.4|ig had antibacterial activity against E. coli (ATCC 25922) equivalent to erythromycin 10 ug.

DAUR PATOLOGIS TEGAKAN HUTAN TANAMAN Acacia mangium Willd. Nuhamara, Simon Taka; Hadi, Soetrisno; Suhendang, Endang; Suhartono, Maggy T; Syafii, Wasrin; Achmad, Achmad
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 9, No 1 (2008)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Heart rot on Acacia mangium Willd. forest stand is critical especially for mechanical or construction wood based purposes. Failure on understanding the nature and the way it get established into the tree stem may cause high economic consequences.Anticipating such a worse condition, studies on cull factor in relation to age was initiated. Eventually the study is aimed at healthy cutting cycles of the clear and purposely stand establishment. The study had been carried out at BKPH Parung Panjang, KPH Bogor. Following the cull factor measurement technique combined with the pathological rotation estimation procedures, it was found that the healthy volume was 0.0623 m and the cull factor was 31.25 %.The figures were at the age of nine years. Therefore, the pathological rotation cycle for the A. mangium stand in the area could be fitted at eight years, as being adopted so far.This is true, when the plantation is established for the production of wood, provided that the tending operation is optimal. Applying the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Forest Health Monitoring (FHM) indices, the general performance of the A. mangium forest stand in Parung Panjang is found to be in healthy criteria. The damage indices for all stand ages investigated varied from 2.77 (lowest) to 5.16 (highest) as compared to the 21.18 value, the possible highest FHM tree index.

POTENSI IKAN MUJAIR (Sarotherodon mossambica) SEBAGAI BIOAKUMULATOR PENCEMARAN PESTISIDA PADA LINGKUNGAN PERTANIAN Sani, Yulvian; Indraningsih, Indraningsih
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 9, No 1 (2008)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

An analysis of pesticide contamination in farm sites was conducted to investigate the impacts of organochlorine contamination in environmental matrices leading to pesticide residue in animal products and to identify a bioaccumulator of freshwater (mujair) fish (Sarotherodon mossambica).The observation sites were selected in accordance to the presence of animal farms within the agricultural areas applying pesticides intensively, such as Bandung, Sukabumi and Bogor districts. Samples consisting of water, soils,animal feed, freshwater fish, poultry meats, eggs and weeds were collected from these areas. The study shows that some organochlorines - OC (lindan, endosulfan and DDT metabolites) were detected from all samples. Endosulfan and lindan appeared to be used extensively for horticulture activity (corn, chilly, cassava and tobacco) in these areas, where both pesticides could also be detected either from animal products (meats and eggs) or water, freshwater fish and soils collected from the same areas.The results reveals that there were positive correlation between OC contamination in the environment and residues in animal products. The weed of babadotan (Ageratum conyzoides) was found growing abundantly around the animal farms and was able to accumulate the pesticides. Furthermore, freshwater mujair fish (S. mossambica) appeared to reduce endosulfan contaminantion in water as indicated by an increase pesticide residues in its tissues.

KEANEKARAGAMAN FLORA CAGAR ALAM NUSABARONG, JEMBER - J AWA TIMUR Partomihardjo, Tukirin; Ismail, Ismail
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 9, No 1 (2008)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Flora of Nusa Barong Nature Reserve, Jember-East Java, was intensively surveyed in 2005. At least 357 specimens consist of 282 species belonging to 232 genera and 88 families have been collected during the survey. Those are includes four species of Pterydophytes and 278 species of Spermatophytes. Among them there were three protected species Corypha utan, Excoecaria agalloca and Protium javanicum. Based on the IUCN categorization status, there were five species under threatened condition, i.e.Agalia edulis (LR/nt), Casearia flavovirens (VU.Bl+2c), Cycas rumphii (NT decreasing), Intsia bijuga and Intsia palembanica,both under VU.Al.cd.The natural population of these last two species was drastically decreasing due to the international trade. Most of the species recognized as new records for the island since there was no complete flora record of the area. Further studies are needed to gain more complete biodiversity information of small island ecosystem.

PEMBUATAN STARTER UNTUK EKSTRAKSI MINYAK KELAPA MURNI MENGGUNAKAN MIKROBA AMILOLITIK Naiola, Elidar
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 9, No 1 (2008)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

The thirteen isolates of amylolitic microbes had been tested their ability to extract the oil from " coconut milk" and nine of them could break the emulsion and separated the oil from the water and protein. The aim of this study was to find a starter that can be used for producing the coconut oil by using molase and "gula aer" gewang (Corypha utan Lamk.) palm sugar as the substrates.The result suggest that by using the isolates (ferm. 1 and ferm.2), "gula aer"gewang can be used as a substrate without supplemented by organic nitrogen. The starter prepared with isolate ferm. 1 containing cells of microbe about 10.2 x 10 cell/ml and prepared with ferm.2 about 9.0 - 10.2 x 10 cell/ml. After 4 weeks the amount of the cells decreased to 0.98 x 10 cell/ml and 0.90 x 10cell/ml, respectively, The amount of microbes were stable until 12 weeks.The starter conducted the fermentation processes at 40Â°C for 16 hours and produced the coconut oil. The extracted oil content about 85% saturated fatty acids and 42% of them was lauric acid. Another chemical component of the extracted oil were Iodine numbers, peroxide numbers and free fatty acid (FFA), they were 5.98%, 2.51 Meq/kg and 0.41%, respectively.

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