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INDONESIA
BERITA BIOLOGI
Published by Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 40 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 9, No 5 (2009)" : 40 Documents clear
EVALUASI KARAKTER PEKA PANJANG HARI (PHOTOPERIOD) PADA TIGA GOLONGAN (Subspecies) PADI (Oryza sativa) SERTA PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP KARAKTER AGRONOMIS Tintin Suhartini
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 9, No 5 (2009)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v9i5.1999

Abstract

Day length or photoperiod is a situation of replacement of light period to dark which able to control the flower initiation and also growth of crop. Rice is short day plant; if day length exceed the critical phase it will be late of flowering.The purpose of this experiment was to evaluate rice cultivars which differ in groups and agronomic characters to photoperiod.The experiment was done at two seasons in November 1997 and May 1998 at green house BB-BIOGEN Bogor. The total of 29 cultivars consist of 3 subspesies of javanica, indica and japonica type were used. The experiment was based on randomized block design with 4 replications. The result showed the local varieties were sensitive and javanica were medium, while improved varieties and japonica type were insensitive to photoperiod. The effect of seasons were significantly different to flowering days of local and javanica types, significantly and not significantly different to japonica, while not significantly different to improved varieties. The season has not significant effect to panicle length and unfilled grain per panicle characters for all cultivars type. Plant heigth and dry straw per hill were higher in rainy season, while fill grain per panicle, total grain per panicle and 1000 grain weight were higher in dry season. The results showed there have correlation between flowering days to all characters were observed, except number of tiller in rainy season was not correlated.
UJI DAYA HAMBAT DAUN SENGGANI (Melastoma malabathricum L.) TERHADAP Trichophyton mentagrophytees DAN Candida albicans Djaenudin Gholib
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 9, No 5 (2009)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v9i5.1989

Abstract

The in vitro study of" inhibition effect of senggani leaves (Melastoma malabathricum L.) ethanol extract on Trichophyton mentagrophytees and Candida albicans was conducted by diffusion and dilution method. The extract was diluted into 5%, 10%,15% and 20% for diffusion test, and 1%, 2%, 3%, 4% and 5% for dilution test on T. mentagrophytees, and 2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, and 10% on C. albicans. The results showed that the extract inhibited fungal growth. Agar diffusion test (agar wheel) was observed by diameter of inhibition zone around the wheel. At 20% extract dilution, the diameter mean was estimated 30 mm on T. mentagrophytees, and 21 mm on C. albicans. In dilution test, the result showed Minimal Inhibition Concentration (MIC) of the extract was 3% on T. mentagrophytees, and 6% on C. albicans. It is concluded that the extract effect of inhibition on T. mentagrophytees is greater than that on C. albicans.
STUDI FITOKIMIA Baeckea frutescens L: PENGARUH FAKTOR LINGKUNGAN TERHADAP KOMPOSISI KIMIA MINYAK ATSIRI Tri Murningsih
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 9, No 5 (2009)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v9i5.1994

Abstract

Isolation of two essential oils of Baeckea frutescens L. leaves from different locations (Yogyakarta and Semarang) was done by hydrodistilation. The chemical composition of the oils were analysed by GC-MS. The oils were found to possess chemical compositional differences and considerable variation in the levels of each chemical components, suggesting the existence of chemical varieties.The oils were dominated by monoterpene i.e 8-cineole (22,08-22.67%) and P-pinene (17,98-29.22%).Comparison of chemical composition of the oils analyzed in this study and oils from literatures was conducted to study the effect of environmental factor on the essential oil composition.The result showed that temperature, irradiance, photoperiod and altitute factors influence the chemical composition of essential oils. Tasmanone, a non-terpenic triketone only appears in the essential oils from Quang Binh province (north Vietnam), that have extreme environmental condition.
KONDISI HUTAN MANGROVE DITELUK AMBON: PROSPEK DAN TANTANGAN Suyadi Suyadi
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 9, No 5 (2009)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v9i5.1985

Abstract

The destruction of mangrove forest constitutes one of the greatest threats to biodiversity and conservation of Ambon Bay.But,data and information of condition and potential of mangrove in Ambon Bay are lacking. We link three methods: remote sensing,Biological survey using transect, and sedimentation sampling to study the condition and potential of mangrove in Ambon Bay specially for biodiversity and sediment trapped. Remote sensing data showed that area of mangrove forest in Ambon Bay 34 ha and has declined dramatically in the past decade.The research recorded 8 species of mangrove; two are recorded as new species compared to the last survey.Based on data collected from four transects, mangrove forest in Ambon Bay is habitat for 8 species of mollusc and species of fish, crustacean, bird and epiphytes. Sediment analysis showed that mangrove forest 80% more effective to reduce sediment that come in to Ambon bay. Finally, the result indicated that condition of mangrove forest in Ambon Bay has been declined, nevertheless, have great potential for conservation of biodiversity and efficient in trapping sediment that come in to Ambon Bay.
STATUS HARA DIHUTAN GEWANG (Corypha utan Lamk.), DESA USAPISONBA'I, KUPANG, NUSATENGGARA TIMUR Laode Alhamd; T Partomihardjo; BP Naiola
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 9, No 5 (2009)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v9i5.2000

Abstract

Gewang or Corypha utan Lamk. is tree that support the daily need in Usapisonba'i village, Nekamese District, Kupang, Nusa Tenggara Timur The nutrient content of the tree is important to be observed, since the tree is crucial to be sustainable.Three permanent plots were established and random sampling was conducted. The results showed that characteristics of soil are clay in texture, somewhat alkaline, mid in C/N ratio, and high CEC (cation exchange capacity) for calcium, magnesium dan potassium.Nutrient contents of soil were 0.15, 0.002, 0.04, 1.16 and 0.04%, respectively, for N, P, K, Ca and Mg. Litter contribution was dominated by leaves (7.73 t ha-'), and other parts reached 6.7 t ha , with their nutrient content of N (0.72), P (0.09), K (0.18),Ca (2.S4) and Mg (0.27%). The significant, differences of nitrogen between nutrient contents and between total nutrient contents through litters (P < 0.05) were found. The nutrient contents of tree are 0.57 N, 0.4, P, 0.75 K, 0.77 Ca and 0.18% Mg. The increase of the tree nutrient could be done by utilizing organic matter or by planting tree species that can increase soil fertility and survive in savanna.
PERTUMBUHAN DAN AKUMULASI MERKURI BERBAGAI JENIS TUMBUHAN YANG DITANAM DI MEDIA LIMBAH PENAMBANGAN EMAS DENGAN PERLAKUAN BERBAGAI TINGKAT KONSENTRASI MERKURI DAN KELAT AMONIUM TIOSULFAT Titi Juhaeti; N Hidayati; F Syarif; S Hidayat
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 9, No 5 (2009)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v9i5.1990

Abstract

Gold mining activities have recently increased in many areas. Contamination with heavy metals, mainly mercury due to illegal mine (PETI) have been in concern to residents around the area. One approach to remediate risks from some toxic metal pollutants is phytoextraction using hyperaccumulator plants. These remarkable plant species accumulate appreciable high concentrations of metals than do normal plants when the normal plants suffers yield reduction from metal phytotoxicity. Possible solution of using indigenous plants for phytoremediation has been studied. Performance of four selected plant species i.e Paspalum conjugatum, Centrosema pubescens, Commelina nudiflora and Mikania cordata were examined. In this study the plants were grown in PETI waste media contaminated with 25.733 ppm mercury (Hg), added with mercury (II) chloride (HgCl2) with different levels of concentrations i.e. 0 ppm Hg (HO), 10 ppm Hg (H10) and 20 ppm Hg (H20). To increase mercury uptake from the media, chelating agent, ammonium thiosulfat (NH4),S2O, was applied with concentration of 0 ppm (KO) dan 50 ppm (50). Plants biomass and mercury accumulation in plant shoots and roots were assessed at one and two months after treatments. The results showed that all of the plant species under study were highly tolerant to Hg. It was indicated by plant normal performances and high biomass production even in the highest level of Hg concentration and high Hg accumulation in the plant shoot and roots that reached 41.860 ppm in the shoot of P. conjugatum (H10 with chelate), 40.054 ppm in the shoot of C. pubescens (H20 no chelate),41.089 ppm in the shoot of C. nudiflora (H10 no chelate) and 42.610 ppm in the shoot of M. cordata (H10 no chelate). At the highest concentration levels of Hg under study there was no effects of toxicity on the plants, indicated by normal plant growth and high biomass production. Higher accumulation of Hg were found in the plants treated with higher level of Hg concentrations.
VARIASI INTRASPESIES Monascus purpureus DALAM BERBAGAI SAMPEL ANGKAK DARI JAWA TIMUR Nandang Suharna
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 9, No 5 (2009)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v9i5.1996

Abstract

Study was carried out to know intraspecific variation within Monascus purpureus in Chinese red rice (angkak) collected from a number of cities in East Java, covering isolation, characterization and identification of Monascus based on cultural and microscopic characters.Results showed that cultural and microscopic observation on 19 representative isolates of Monascus which each isolate was observed from 19 sample of angkak showed variations among those isolates.Those characters were rate of growth, pigmentation,crystalline hyphae, spore size and cleistothecium diameter.These results indicated that there are intraspecies variaty on M.purpureus used in angkak production. Moreover, cultural and morpholological characters such as colony diameter and askomata seemingly can not be used as taxonomic characters.
STUDI VEGETASI HUTAN RAWA AIR TAWAR DI CAGAR ALAM RIMBO PANTI, SUMATERA BARAT Razali Yusuf; Purwaningsih Purwaningsih
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 9, No 5 (2009)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v9i5.1986

Abstract

A Vegetation study of some different freshwater swamp forests in Rimbo Panti Nature Reserve, West Sumatera was carried out with a quadrat methode.The results of a floristic inventory of trees with DBH e" 10 cm show that 136 species of 90 genera in 402 families ,presented by 1676 individuals, with the total basal area of 53.11 m occurred in the 5 hectare sample plots.The two leading families in terms of number of species were Euphorbiaceae and Lauraceae while according to the the total sum of importance values for families were Euphorbiaceae, Moraceae and Bignoniaceae.We recorded 19 species of Euphorbiaceae, constituting14.4% of the total species with the basal area of 39.4 % of the total in the three plots. Terminalia copelandii(Combretaceae) was the most prominent species occurring here and was one of the ten leading species. The species-area curves rose steadily up to an area of 1.0 hectare, with a very slight indication of levelling off at about 2 hectares, indicating high Heterogenity particulary in the permanently flooded swamp forest. Four largest trees were Artocarpus rotundatus (DBH = 100.50 cm) Chydenanthus excelsus (DBH = 92.50 cm), Haplophragma macrolobum (DBH = 83.00) and Anthocephalus chinensis (DBH= 75.10 cm).
EGAKAN BAMBU DIKEBUN RAKYAT KOTAMADYA SALATIGA Elizabeth A Widjaja; Sunaryo Sunaryo; Hamzah Hamzah
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 9, No 5 (2009)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v9i5.2001

Abstract

Bamboo is one of the important and favorite plants in the villages, however the management of this plant is less interest either from the people or even the government. Because of that there are many bamboo garden has been turned into housing or industrial area, although some people understand that bamboo can be used to prevent soil erosion as well as water conservation. In Central Java, bamboo is mainly used to make furniture, whereas the bamboo handicrafts is only made by the local people for daily uses.The uses of bamboo for handicraft is mainly occurred in Yogyakarta Province, although the bamboo material for this purposes is imported from Central Java. Because of that a study on the bamboo stand in Central Java Province is very important to support the furniture industry which is found also in this neighbouring city. Based on a study done at the Promasan Village, Salatiga, it is found that the bamboo stand occurred in the plot (50 m x 50 m, 5 plots) was 332.96 clum/ha on 2003, whereas the bamboo stands on 2004 decreased till 331.2 clump/ha. The number of clump might decrease due to over harvesting, so many clump was died. The same phenomena was also occurred at the bamboo potency on 2004 which was decreasing compare to 2003 data. The bamboo potency/clump might be increased, but the total production of bamboo culm/ha/year was decreasing sharply compare to the bamboo condition on 2003. This situation can be seen also from the regeneration of bamboo which was decreasing compare the data on 2003 to 2004. The species found in this village was bambu tali (Gigantochloa apus), which was dominated at this village. This potency of this bamboo stands is very high, because the local people used this bamboo for daily use and it used more than other species.However,Gigantochloa atter has also a demand for the bamboo furniture, because of that the potency of this species is also high.Then Dendrocalamus asper which also been used for bamboo furniture. The potency of Bambusa vulgaris is very low in this village, because this species was rarely used.
PENINGKATAN PRODUKSI BENIH BAUNG {Mystus nemurus) MELALUI PERBAIKAN KADAR LEMAK PAKAN INDUK Ningrum Suhenda; Reza Samsudin; Jojo Subagja
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 9, No 5 (2009)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v9i5.1991

Abstract

The production of good quality seed for culture purpose begins with proper attention to the nutritional requirements of the parental broodstock. The objective of this research was to know the level of lipid in broodstock feed to reach good seed production.The experiment was conducted in concrete ponds located at Research Instalation for Aquaculture Environment and Toxicology,Cibalagung, Bogor. Broodstock with average individual body weight of 420.8 ± 72.10 g were cultured in concrete pond 3.5 x 2.53x 0.8 m with stocking density of 15 fish/pond. Pelleted fish with 35% protein content and different lipid level of 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12 % were given with daily ratio 2 % of body weight. Gonadosomatic index, ovosomatic index; the weight, the number and the diameter of egg; fertilization rate, hatching rate, percentage of larva produced and daily growth rate and survival rate of 21 days old seed were observed. The result showed that there were no significant difference (P>0.05) among treatments for all parameters except for the diameter of the egg. The result showed that all of the broodstock were matured in three months.Gonadosomatic index were ranged between 13.69-16.65%, ovosomatic index: 11.26-14.62%. The weight of the egg varied from 1.45-1.69 mg/egg with the diameter in between 1.37-1.66 mm. The number of eggs per kg broodstock varied from 74,473-88,787 with fertilization rate of : 67.15-93.29%, and hatching rate were ranged from 88.33%-96.62%. The feed with 8% lipid level showed the highest value of gonadosomatic index (16.65%), fertilization rate (93.29%), percentage of larva produced (90.14%), egg weight (1.69 mg) and egg diameter (1.66 mm). Average daily growth rate of the 21 days old offsprings was 18.12%-19.25% with survival rate of 60.25%-75.50%. The feed with 8% lipid level tends to give the best effect on the reproduction parameters and the performances of the seed.

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