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INDONESIA
The Indonesian Biomedical Journal
Published by The Prodia Education and Research Institute
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Public Health
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 6 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "Vol 6, No 1 (2014)" : 6 Documents clear
The Effect of the Transtheoretical Model Approach Towards the Body Mass Index of Overweight and Obese Children in Makassar Kadek Ayu Erika
The Indonesian Biomedical Journal Vol 6, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : The Prodia Education and Research Institute (PERI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18585/inabj.v6i1.43

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Overweight and obesity is now ranked fifth as a global risk for the cause of death. Urban lifestyle is fueled by excessive food intake and lack of activity in overweight and obese children. The assessment of the children’s Body Mass Index (BMI) is one of the indicators to assess the nutritional status of children. One strategy that can be used is the transtheoretical model (TTM) approach which is behavior change that helps children and parents in making more effective decisions to reduce health-risk behaviors among children so that the children’s BMI can decrease. This study aims to identify the differences between children's BMI before and after the TTM approach.METHODS: This research was conducted in the district area of Tamalanrea and Biringkanaya, Makassar. The design used is the Quasy Experiment namely pre- and post-test with control group design. Research subjects were overweight or obese children in the 4th, 5th, and 6th grade of elementary school. The samples in the treatment group consisted of 31 participants, while the control group consisted of 33 participants which were selected using purposive sampling. Intervention research was conducted during a six month period by providing guide books on healthy lifestyle, visiting the families every month using questionnaires, and measurements of children’s height, weight and BMI using WHO’s AntrhoPlus software year 2007.RESULTS: Post-pretest results showed the average value of the treatment group’s BMI was -1.48 and the control group was 1.35. This means that the treatment group experienced a decrease in BMI after the application of TTM. The Mann Whitney test results indicate that there is a difference in the BMI pre-post intervention with the value of p=0.00 (>0.05).CONCLUSION: The overweight and obese children’s BMI was influenced by TTM approach.KEYWORDS: transtheoretical model, children’s BMI, overweight, obesity
MicroRNAs in Lipid Metabolism and Atherosclerosis Anna Meiliana; Andi Wijaya
The Indonesian Biomedical Journal Vol 6, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : The Prodia Education and Research Institute (PERI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18585/inabj.v6i1.39

Abstract

BACKGROUND: MicroRNAs (miRNA) are mediators of post-transcriptional gene expression that likely regulate most biological pathways and networks. The study of miRNAs is a rapidly emerging field; recent findings have revealed a significant role for miRNAs in atherosclerosis and lipoprotein metabolism.CONTENT: Results from recent studies demonstrated a role for miRNAs in endothelial integrity, macrophage inflammatory response to oxidized low-density lipoprotein, vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and cholesterol synthesis. These mechanisms are all vital to the initiation and proliferation of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease. The importance of miRNAs has recently been recognized in cardiovascular sciences and miRNAs will likely become an integral part of our fundamental comprehension of atherosclerosis and lipoprotein metabolism. The extensive impact of miRNA mediated gene regulation and the relative ease of in vivo applicable modifications highlight the enormous potential of miRNA-based therapeutics in cardiovascular diseases.SUMMARY: miRNA studies in the field of lipid metabolism and atherosclerosis are in their infancy, and thus there is tremendous opportunity for discovery in this understudied area. The ability to target miRNAs in vivo through delivery of miRNA-mimics to enhance miRNA function, or antimiRNAs which inhibit miRNAs, has opened new avenues for the development of therapeutics for dyslipidemias and atherosclerosis, offers a unique approach to treating disease by modulating entire biological pathways. These exciting findings support the development of miRNA antagonists as potential therapeutics for the treatment of dyslipidaemia, atherosclerosis and related metabolic diseases.KEYWORDS: atherosclerosis, lipoprotein, HDL, miRNA
Conditioned Media of Human Umbilical Cord Blood Mesenchymal Stem Cell-derived Secretome Induced Apoptosis and Inhibited Growth of HeLa Cells Ferry Sandra; Janti Sudiono; Elina Ardiani Sidharta; Elisabeth Pricilia Sunata; Dea Jane Sungkono; Yanni Dirgantara; Angliana Chouw
The Indonesian Biomedical Journal Vol 6, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : The Prodia Education and Research Institute (PERI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18585/inabj.v6i1.44

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Secreted factors contained in conditioned media (CM) of human umbilical cord blood mesenchymal stem cells (hUCB-MSCs) known as secretome, was suspected to have important roles in regulating cells. This study was conducted to investigate the role of CM-hUCB-MSCs-derived secretome in apoptosis and growth of HeLa cells.METHODS: HeLa cells were treated with secretome in various concentrations (0, 0.2, 2 and 20%) for 24 and 48 hours. Trypan blue exclusion assay was performed to detect cell viability. Meanwhile sub-G1 apoptotic assay was performed to detect apoptotic cells. The transition of mitochondrial transmembrane potential (TMP), which occurs in the apoptotic process, was analyzed by mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨM) assay. Both sub-G1 and ΔΨM assays were performed using FACSCanto flow cytometer. Statistical analyses were conducted using IBM SPSS Statistics to detect significance level at p<0.05.RESULTS: Secretome significantly induced cell death starting at concentration of 0.2% within a 24-hour period (p<0.05). Secretome significantly induced cell death in concentration and time dependent manner (p<0.05). The cell death was then confirmed as apoptosis through sub-G1 analysis. Due to the underlying apoptotic mechanism, we found distinct decrease of TMP, indicating an increase in mitochondrial membrane permeability of HeLa cells. In addition, we found that HeLa cell growth was inhibited partially by secretome.CONCLUSION: Taken together, we conclude that CMhUCB-MSCs-derived secretome significantly induced apoptosis of HeLa cells in a concentration and time dependent manner through mitochondrial apoptotic pathway. The secretome might also play important role in inhibiting HeLa cell growth.KEYWORDS: umbilical cord blood, mesenchymal stem cell, secretome, apoptosis, growth, cancer
A Closer Look at Cardioprotective Function of HDL: Revise the HDL – Cholesterol Hypothesis? Anna Meiliana; Andi Wijaya
The Indonesian Biomedical Journal Vol 6, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : The Prodia Education and Research Institute (PERI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18585/inabj.v6i1.40

Abstract

BACKGROUND: The strong inverse association of plasma levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol with coronary heart disease (CHD) found in human epidemiological studies led to the development of the ‘HDL cholesterol hypothesis’, which posits that intervention to raise HDL cholesterol will result in reduced risk of CHD. A number of recent developments have brought the potential protective role of HDL into question. Several clinical trials of agents that substantially raise HDL-C have been demonstrated to not reduce CHD event rates.CONTENT: For decades, HDL and HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C) levels were viewed as synonymous, and modulation of HDL-C levels by drug therapy held great promise for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease. Nevertheless, recent failures of drugs that raise HDL-C to reduce cardiovascular risk and the now greater understanding of the complexity of HDL composition and biology have prompted researchers in the field to redefine HDL. As such, the focus of HDL has now started to shift away from a cholesterol-centric view toward HDL particle number, subclasses, and other alternative metrics of HDL. Many of the recently discovered functions of HDL are, in fact, not strictly conferred by its ability to promote cholesterol flux but by the other molecules it transports, including a diverse set of proteins, small RNAs, hormones, carotenoids, vitamins, and bioactive lipids. Based on HDL’s ability to interact with almost all cells and deliver fat-soluble cargo, HDL has the remarkable capacity to affect a wide variety of endocrine-like systems.SUMMARY: There is a significant need to redefine HDL and its benefit. HDL transports a diverse set of functional proteins, including many binding proteins. HDL transports and deliver vitamins, carotenoids, and other small molecules. Moreover, HDL transports hormones, steroids and bile acids, and can modulate multiple endocrine pathways. HDLs also transport and deliver microRNAs to recipient cells and control gene expression. Likewise, HDLs carry bioactive lipids and can activate signaling cascades and receptors that control endothelial apoptosis, migration, survival and activation. Many of HDL’s alternative noncholesterol cargo likely confer many of HDL’s alternative functions.KEYWORDS: HDL, ApoA1, RCT, ABCA1, ABCG1, miRNA, HDL lipidome, HDL proteome
The Pharmacogenetics of Cytochrome P450 2C19 Enzymes - Effects on Clopidogrel and Proton Pump Inhibitors Yusmiati Yusmiati; Dewi Muliaty
The Indonesian Biomedical Journal Vol 6, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : The Prodia Education and Research Institute (PERI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18585/inabj.v6i1.41

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes play important roles in human, including drug metabolism. CYP2 is the largest family of human CYP, with its sequence comprising almost one third of all CYP sequences, and responsible for the metabolism of approximately 2% of clinically administrated drugs. One of the most important enzymes in this family is the CYP2C19 enzyme. The CYP2C19 gene is polymorphic, and the variation is common especially in the Asian population.CONTENT: CYP2C19 is responsible for the metabolism of various drugs, including proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) such as omeprazole and lansoprazole, psychotropic drugs including diazepam and imipramine, anticonvulsants such as phenobarbital and mephenytoin. and the recently most studied the anti-platelet drug, clopidogrel, and many others. Drugs metabolized predominantly by this enzyme like clopidogrel and PPIs might be much affected by the genotype status of CYP2C19. Clopidogrel is a pro-drug requiring a group of enzymes to convert to its active form, particularly the CYP2C19. PPIs are metabolized to its inactive metabolites mainly by CYP2C19 in the liver. Some PPIs are inhibitor of CYP2C19 enzymes, and interaction of PPIs and clopidogrel has been widely studied.SUMMARY: The association of CYP2C19 genotypes with the plasma level of active clopidogrel and platelet reactivity in individual taking this drug is well-established. Although conflicting results still exist for the association of CYP2C19 genotypes to the clinical outcomes of clopidogrel therapy, this effect seems to be consistent in patients receiving clopidogrel for coronary stents. Due to the interaction of certain PPIs and clopidogrel, the use of PPIs other than omeprazole is recommended, especially for patients taking dual anti platelet therapy of clopidogrel and aspirin.KEYWORDS: pharmacogenetics, CYP2C19, proton pump inhibitors, clopidogrel
Comparison between Carotid Intima-Media Thickness and Coronary Artery Calcification in the Prediction of Atherosclerosis in Diabetic Patients Rusli Muljadi; Bachtiar Murtala; Peter Kabo; FX Budhianto Suhadi
The Indonesian Biomedical Journal Vol 6, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : The Prodia Education and Research Institute (PERI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18585/inabj.v6i1.42

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular disease is one of the atherosclerosis etiologies that can lead to death. Diabetes mellitus increases the risk of atherosclerosis. Screening tool is very beneficial for detecting atherosclerotic plaque, especially in subclinical atherosclerotic cases. Carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) and coronary artery calcification score (CACS) are two kinds of tools that are widely used, and each of these tools has its own superiority. This study was aimed to investigate the sensitivity and specificity of both of these tools as screening tools.METHODS: The study was conducted with a cross sectional design involving 43 diabetic and 68 non-diabetic male subjects aged above 45 years old. All subjects fulfilled inclusion criteria. Carotid artery ultrasonography and CACS measurement were performed.RESULTS: Fischer exact test was used to show a significant correlation between CIMT and CACS (p<0.05). Diagnostic test was used to assess the sensitivity of CIMT toward CACS in above 75 percentile. The left common carotid artery (LCCA) showed the highest sensitivity either in diabetic (76.4%) or non-diabetic male subjects (90%).CONCLUSION: CIMT has the same sensitivity with CACS. CIMT can be used as the preferred screening tool for high risk patients and as a substitution tool to CACS for low risk patients in subclinical atherosclerosis detection.KEYWORDS: atherosclerosis, diabetes mellitus, carotid intima-media thickness, coronary artery calciication score

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