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JMPM (Jurnal Material dan Proses Manufaktur)
Published by Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta
ISSN : 25803271     EISSN : 26565897     DOI : 10.18196/jmpm
Core Subject : Engineering,
Engineering Mechanical Engineering
Jurnal Material DAN Proses Manufaktur focuses on the research and research review in the field of engineering material and manufacturing processes. The journal covers various themes namely Design Engineering, Process Optimization, Process Problem Solving, Manufacturing Methods, Process Automation, Material research and investigation, Advanced Materials, Nanomaterials, Mechanical solid and fluid, Energy Harvesting and Renewable Energy.
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Articles 9 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "Vol. 9 No. 2 (2025): December" : 9 Documents clear
Development of Standard Test Specimens for Competency Improvement of Non-destructive Test (NDT) Personnel—Industrial Radiography
JMPM (Jurnal Material dan Proses Manufaktur) Vol. 9 No. 2 (2025): December
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/jmpm.v9i2.26290

Abstract

Test specimens made of low-carbon SS400 steel in the form of plates and pipes will be manufactured for use by certification and training institutions. Currently, test specimens in Indonesia are imported, resulting in higher operational costs. Therefore, the domestic fabrication of test specimens is conducted to address this issue and improve the competency of NDT personnel. Radiographic techniques are applied to evaluate defects and verify acceptance criteria. Plate specimens with a geometry of 350 mm x 200 mm and pipes with a diameter of 2 "(50.8 mm) were welded using SMAW (Shielded Metal Arc Welding). Radiographic examinations revealed porosity and incomplete penetration (IP) defects on the plate specimens and four types of weld discontinuities on the pipe specimens: porosity, IP, external undercut, and spatter. The resulting density follows the acceptance standard, namely 2.12 on the plates and 1.91 on the pipes. Future evaluation using digital radiography methods such as computed radiography (CR) and digital detector arrays (DDA) is required to align with current technological advancements.
Analysis of Carbon Emission Calculation on Converted Electric Vehicles to Determine Emission Reduction Potential: Review
JMPM (Jurnal Material dan Proses Manufaktur) Vol. 9 No. 2 (2025): December
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/jmpm.v9i2.27875

Abstract

The transportation sector is a major contributor to carbon emissions in Indonesia, mainly due to the widespread use of fossil fuel-powered vehicles. To lessen these environmental impacts, converting conventional motor vehicles into electric vehicles is seen as an effective and cost-efficient solution. This study aims to examine the potential for reducing carbon emissions through the conversion to electric cars by reviewing national journals and conducting simple simulations. The research used a systematic literature review approach, comparing annual emissions of fossil fuel vehicles (Internal Combustion Engine/ICE) and electric vehicles (EV) based on energy consumption and yearly mileage. Results indicate that the potential for emission reduction ranges from 0.0036% to over 85%, with an average of around 37%, with the highest reductions observed in scenarios where renewable energy sources dominate. Simulations demonstrate that vehicle conversion can cut emissions by approximately 29% for an annual mileage of 10,000 km. The success of emission reduction depends heavily on the composition of the national electricity mix, which is still largely dominated by PLTU. Increasing the renewable-energy share to 50% could significantly boost emission reductions.
PV Array Simulation with Single Diode Equivalent Circuit Considering Series and Shunt Resistance
JMPM (Jurnal Material dan Proses Manufaktur) Vol. 9 No. 2 (2025): December
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/jmpm.v9i2.29291

Abstract

This study analyzes the output characteristics of solar panels using three modeling approaches, namely the Single Diode Model (SDM), the Ideal Single Diode Model (ISDM), and the Newton–Raphson (NR) method, and compares them with the reference model from the MATLAB library. The performance of each model is tested under various irradiation and temperature conditions. The results indicate that the ISDM model, implemented using MATLAB Simulink blocks, exhibits noticeable deviation from reference due to the neglect of shunt resistance (R_sh) and series resistance (R_s) effects. The SDM model with the Matlab Simulink block provides better accuracy but still shows slight discrepancies caused by algebraic loops during simulation. Among the three methods, the Newton–Raphson method yields results that match the reference most closely, demonstrating minimal error at the maximum power point. This confirms that the NR method more accurately represents PV characteristics and behavior compared to the SDM and ISDM. Therefore, this method can be relied upon for PV system simulation and optimization applications under varying operating conditions.
Thermal Behavior of Agricultural Waste in Microwave-assisted Pyrolysis: A Focus on Temperature Parameters
JMPM (Jurnal Material dan Proses Manufaktur) Vol. 9 No. 2 (2025): December
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/jmpm.v9i2.29302

Abstract

Temperature is a crucial parameter in microwave-assisted pyrolysis, as it serves as a basis for evaluating the thermal treatment of a material. This study aims to assess temperature-related parameters and identify the optimal mixture composition for the microwave-assisted pyrolysis of agricultural waste, specifically corn cob, groundnut shell, and rice husk, combined with charcoal. The research employed thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), with agricultural waste mixed with a microwave absorber in the form of charcoal at various composition ratios: 100:0, 75:25, 50:50, 25:75, and 0:100. The results indicate that the composition of feedstock significantly affects temperature parameters. The addition of charcoal was found to increase the maximum temperature and heating rate while simultaneously reducing energy consumption. For all tested agricultural waste, higher charcoal compositions at ratios of 75:25, 50:50, and 25:75 resulted in substantial improvements. Maximum temperature increased by up to 230%, heating rate by up to 497.90%, and energy consumption decreased by up to 80.45% compared to pure agricultural waste biomass. This indicates that 75:25 mixtures of corn cobs, groundnuts, and rice husks with charcoal can be recommended for the pyrolysis process, as they are capable of reaching the pyrolysis temperature range of approximately 400°C–800°C.
Failure Mechanism Identification of Hook Components in Automatic Machines Using Visual and Material Analysis
JMPM (Jurnal Material dan Proses Manufaktur) Vol. 9 No. 2 (2025): December
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/jmpm.v9i2.29365

Abstract

The hook component in automatic packaging machines frequently experiences premature failure, leading to increased downtime, higher maintenance costs, and reduced production efficiency. This study aims to identify the failure mechanism of the hook through visual inspection, maintenance data analysis, and material characterization. Visual examination was performed on the fractured hook specimens to identify fracture morphology and surface characteristics. Historical maintenance records from 2017 to 2024 were analyzed to identify the frequency and type of failure. Chemical composition testing was performed using Optical Emission Spectroscopy (OES), while Rockwell hardness testing (HRC) evaluated the material’s mechanical properties. The results indicate that the hook failed through a brittle fracture mechanism, characterized by flat, granular fracture surfaces and the absence of plastic deformation. The primary failure factor was the direct impact between the hook and the punch, which occurred due to mechanical misalignment caused by bearing wear. The material, classified as medium carbon steel with 0.599 wt.% C and 1.000 wt.% Mn, exhibited high hardness but low toughness, leading to a brittle fracture under impact loading. Surface hardening followed by light tempering and shot peening is recommended to improve wear resistance and toughness, thereby reducing the risk of brittle fracture.
Corrosion Rate Analysis of SS400 Steel Plates with Coating Variations in Artificial Seawater
JMPM (Jurnal Material dan Proses Manufaktur) Vol. 9 No. 2 (2025): December
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/jmpm.v9i2.29410

Abstract

Low-carbon steel such as SS400 is highly susceptible to corrosion, particularly when exposed to marine environments or artificial seawater. One of the most common methods to mitigate corrosion is by applying protective coatings. This study aims to analyze the effect of coating type and thickness on the corrosion rate of SS400 steel using Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS). The samples were prepared by applying two types of coatings, epoxy and flintkote, with variations of one or two layers. The EIS results revealed that uncoated SS400 exhibited the lowest impedance values, while coated samples showed a significant increase in impedance. For epoxy coating, the real impedance (Z’) was 8×104 Ω with a single layer and increased to 4×105 Ω with two layers. In comparison, flintkote coatings demonstrated much higher impedance values, reaching 1.5×107 Ω, particularly with two layers. The substantial increase in impedance indicates that flintkote provides superior barrier properties compared to epoxy, and that applying multiple layers further enhances corrosion resistance. Therefore, two-layer flintkote coating was found to be the most effective in improving the corrosion resistance of SS400 steel in artificial seawater.
A Comparative Study of a Single-Cylinder 211cc Diesel Engine Performance Using B100 Biodiesel, Dexlite, and Pertamina Dex Fuels
JMPM (Jurnal Material dan Proses Manufaktur) Vol. 9 No. 2 (2025): December
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/jmpm.v9i2.29548

Abstract

This study investigates the performance characteristics of a single-cylinder diesel engine fueled with Pertamina Dex, Dexlite, and B100 biodiesel. Experiments were conducted at 1000, 2000, 3000, and 4500 rpm to evaluate fuel mass flow rate, torque, brake power, BSFC, thermal efficiency, and engine temperature. The test range extends up to 4500 rpm, exceeding the engine’s 3600 rpm rated speed to specifically assess off-design performance and operational limits. The results show that each fuel exhibits a distinct performance profile. Dexlite delivers the highest torque and brake power at medium speeds. It also achieves the lowest BSFC and the highest thermal efficiency at 2000–3000 rpm. Pertamina Dex shows the most stable performance across all engine speeds, with relatively low fuel consumption and the lowest temperature rise, reflecting its refined hydrocarbon composition and high cetane number. B100 biodiesel displays higher mass flow rates and temperatures but demonstrates competitive thermal efficiency, particularly at low and high speeds, due to its oxygen-rich molecular structure that promotes complete combustion. These findings highlight that Dexlite is best suited for mid-speed efficiency-focused applications, Pertamina Dex delivers uniform and stable performance, and B100 offers combustion advantages under specific thermal and load conditions. This study offers guidance for selecting fuels that improve engine performance and support energy-efficient vehicle applications.
Study of the Mechanical Properties of Ship Cleats Fabricated from Recycled High-Density Polyethylene
JMPM (Jurnal Material dan Proses Manufaktur) Vol. 9 No. 2 (2025): December
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/jmpm.v9i2.29556

Abstract

High-Density Polyethylene (HDPE), known for its high resistance to chemicals and impact, as well as its low carbon emission production process. However, the high production of HDPE plastic waste poses a significant challenge in the maritime world. This study focuses on efforts to recycle HDPE waste generated from the shipbuilding process at the Non-Metal Workshop of the Surabaya State Shipping Polytechnic (PPNS). This HDPE waste has great potential to be processed into ship components, including cleats. Cleats are essential devices on ships that function to tie ropes. HDPE waste is molded into new sheets using the Hot Press Compression Molding method, followed by tensile and bending tests. These values will be compared with the mechanical properties of virgin HDPE and simulated using ANSYS software to evaluate the cleat's resistance to tensile loads of 470 N, 600 N, and 730 N. Simulations show that the cleat can withstand loads of 470 N and 600 N, but fails plastically under a load of 730 N, with the stress exceeding its yield strength. The results of this study are expected to contribute to the development of more sustainable shipbuilding technology and encourage the development of other recycled products in the maritime industry.
Experimental Study of Photovoltaic System Conversion into Thermal Energy Using 50 Wp Solar Module
JMPM (Jurnal Material dan Proses Manufaktur) Vol. 9 No. 2 (2025): December
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/jmpm.v9i2.29684

Abstract

The battery is the most vital component in a photovoltaic system. Under high solar irradiation, the battery may experience overcharging, primarily if the voltage limiter in the battery charge controller is not functioning correctly. To prevent excessive voltage buildup, the electrical energy is redirected for use in a water heating system. This study aims to experimentally examine the conversion of electrical energy from solar modules into thermal energy for heating water. The experiment was conducted outdoors using a photovoltaic setup comprising a 50 Wp solar module, a 10 A battery charge controller, and a 70 Ah battery. The water heating system includes a 25-liter water tank, a DC pump, an electric heater, a flowmeter, and piping components. Data were collected on solar module current and voltage, solar irradiation, and water temperature. The analysis shows that electrical power, thermal energy, and water temperature increase with higher solar irradiation. Throughout the experiment, the battery remained protected from overcharging. This energy conversion system successfully produced hot water at a maximum temperature of 37.68°C under an average solar irradiation of 586.31 W/m².

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