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All Journal The Journal of Pure and Applied Chemistry Research
Linggadiputra, Jonathan
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Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Materials Science & Nanotechnology Medicine & Pharmacology

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Optimization of Microwave-Assisted Synthesis Method for N-doped Carbon Dots (CDs) from Citronella Grass Oil Distillation Solid Waste and Its Antifungal Properties Linggadiputra, Jonathan; Elvina Dhiaul Iftitah
The Journal of Pure and Applied Chemistry Research Vol. 15 No. 1 (2026): Edition January-April 2026
Publisher : Chemistry Department, The University of Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jpacr.2026.015.01.7928

Abstract

Carbon dots (CDs) are promising materials with unique optical and chemical properties, although their synthesis often involves harsh conditions and extended processing times. Microwave-assisted synthesis (MAS) offers a more efficient approach, especially when using renewable carbon sources. Citronella grass, which commonly grown in Indonesia and used in essential oil production, provides a high-carbon-content distillation waste (CGSW) ideal for CD production. This research explores the synthesis optimization process of CGSW as a precursor for CDs, utilizing open-vessel MAS method with NaOH as a solvent. Optimal synthesis conditions were found to be 800 W of power with 0.20 g of N-doping. The resulting CCDs has high quantum yield (QY) of 41.83%, an average size of 3.08 nm and demonstrated significant antifungal activity, effectively inhibiting fungal growth for up to 14 days. These findings suggest that CCDs have strong potential as a sustainable bioactive material.
Co-Authors Elvina Dhiaul Iftitah