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All Journal Journal Coaching Education Sports
Schall, Robert
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Training Load and Injury Incidence of Under-19, Under-21 and enior Netball Players Sinclair, Colleen; Coetzee, Derik; Schall, Robert
Journal Coaching Education Sports Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Program Studi Pendidikan Kepelatihan Olahraga Fakultas Ilmu Pendidikan Universitas Bhayangkara Jakarta Raya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31599/yb8ks466

Abstract

Research demonstrated links between training load, performance adaptation and injury risk in sport. In netball, monitoring and optimising training load is essential to support player welfare and reduce injuries. The aim was to determine the training loads (session rating of perceived exertion X session duration) and injury incidence of under-19 (u/19), under-21 (u/21) and senior elite netball players in the Free State Province, South Africa. A descriptive cohort research was conducted. Weekly training monitoring and injury questionnaires were used. Thirty-six netball players (12 per age group) that participated in a competitive season were eligible. Data were collected over 12 consecutive weeks. In week 7, the University Sport South Africa (USSA) netball tournament took place, week 8 was university holidays and week 12 the National Netball Championships. Data for weeks 1–6 and 9–11 represented normal training weeks. Descriptive statistics were calculated per player, age group, and position. Significant differences in training load were found between age groups, with senior players recording notably lower loads than u/19 and u/21 players. No significant differences were observed between playing positions. Injured u/19 players consistently had higher training loads than their uninjured peers. Most injuries, predominantly ligamentous, occurred during matches. Age-related disparities in training load highlight the need for tailored workload strategies. Understanding position-specific and age-specific demands can aid coaches and strength and conditioning staff in optimising training loads to reduce injury risk and enhance performance.
Nutrition intervention in bodybuilders in Limpopo Province, South Africa: anthropometric, serum lipid and micronutrient profiles Masoga, Sylven; Schall, Robert; Mphekgwana, Peter; Coetzee, Derik; du Toit, Elmine
Journal Coaching Education Sports Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Program Studi Pendidikan Kepelatihan Olahraga Fakultas Ilmu Pendidikan Universitas Bhayangkara Jakarta Raya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31599/hsya9n84

Abstract

Bodybuilders follow various diets, with some posing health risks. The study aimed to determine the baseline information on serum lipids and micronutrients, implement meal plans and evaluate the impact on these profiles of bodybuilders. An intervention study was conducted with 26 affiliated bodybuilders. The study was divided into baseline, intervention and post-intervention phases. In the baseline phase, anthropometry, serum lipid and certain micronutrient profiles were measured. The intervention phase was informed by baseline results, with athletes randomly assigned either to the experimental (n=14) or control (n=12) group. The experimental group received designed meal plans for three months. The post-intervention phase repeated measurements of the same variables in the baseline. Independent t-test and Wilcoxon test were used to determine the impact of meal plans between baseline and intervention variables. Total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG) serum levels were within acceptable standards, with a mean TC of 4.2 mmol/L for the experimental group and 3.8 mmol/L for the control group, and TG of 0.8 mmol/L for the experimental group and 0.7 mmol/L for the control group. High-density lipoprotein (HDL) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels were within normal ranges for both groups. Dietary micronutrient intake and serum levels were mostly within the recommended daily allowance (RDA) and tolerable upper intake level (UL) in both groups. The nutrition intervention maintained bodybuilders' serum lipid and micronutrient profiles within acceptable standards.
Co-Authors Coetzee, Derik du Toit, Elmine Masoga, Sylven Mphekgwana, Peter Sinclair, Colleen