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Khaliq, Rabia
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Dentistry Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health

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Exposure of Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals: A Growing Public Health Concern in Faisalabad, Pakistan Qader, Abdul; Hayat, Muhammad Khawar; Khaliq, Rabia
Health Dynamics Vol 2, No 11 (2025): November 2025
Publisher : Knowledge Dynamics

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33846/hd21106

Abstract

Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are gradually documented as public health hazards in agricultural and industrial centers of Pakistan. Faisalabad, is known as a major pivot point for intensive farming and textile manufacturing, presents multiple sources of exposure including industrial effluents, pesticide residues, and consumer products. However, the exposure of EDCs at population level leftovers under-addressed. The data documented in this study was collected from recent environmental and biomonitoring studies conducted in Punjab, Pakistan. For this purpose, we reviewed literature on EDCs concentrations in food items, groundwater, and biological samples, with special focus on bisphenol A (BPA), organochlorine pesticides, and phthalate metabolites. In conclusion, Faisalabad’s polluted groundwater supply, convergence of dyeing industry effluents, and pesticide-intensive agriculture create a significant risk of low dose, chronic exposure to various EDCs which are associated with metabolic disorders, warranting urgent public health interventions. 
Extensive Exposure of Cadmium (Cd): A Silent Driver of Diabetes Epidemic beyond Testing of Blood Sugar in Pakistan Qader, Abdul; Khaliq, Rabia; Hayat, Muhammad Khawar
Health Dynamics Vol 2, No 12 (2025): December 2025 (In progress)
Publisher : Knowledge Dynamics

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33846/hd21204

Abstract

The prevalence of diabetes mellitus has been increased and our diagnostic strategies are limited to only body mass index (BMI), blood sugar level and life style changes. This is actually a silent driver which we ignored in diagnosis of diabetes mellitus. The elevated level of blood sugar tells us that our pancreas is struggling while high level of cadmium in urine and blood exhibits why pancreas is struggling. Until, we test blood and urinary cadmium levels we cannot reach the actual cause of high blood sugar level. Thus, we ignore a cause which should actually be removed. Therefore, the concentration of cadmium should not be ignored during the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus especially in big cities of Pakistan where exposure is on its peak level.
Co-Authors Hayat, Muhammad Khawar Qader, Abdul