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Experiment Tool Development of Circular Motion Experiment with Belt-Connected Wheels Using Hall Effect Sensor Based on IoT Yuhelmi Farah Difa; Yulkifli; Asrizal; Yenni Darvina
Research on Instrumentation Vol. 1 No. 2 (2024): Research on Instrumentation
Publisher : RESSTECH

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.66926/rins.2024.11

Innovation in educational tools is crucial for improving the learning experience in physics experiments. This study presents the design and development of an IoT-based experimental tool for analyzing wheel dynamics. The tool integrates microcontrollers and sensors to accurately measure both angular and linear velocities. By varying wheel sizes and controlling rotation speeds, students can explore the relationship between speed, size, and motion. Real-time data transmission via smartphones ensures accessibility and efficiency in analyzing wheel dynamics during experiments. The system incorporates a KY-024 Hall effect sensor that detects wheel movements through digital signals generated by magnets. Data is collected in real-time and sent to an IoT platform for further analysis, allowing precise comparisons between experimental and theoretical values. The tool supports three configurations: contacting wheels, concentric wheels, and belt-connected wheels, enabling comprehensive exploration of wheel mechanics. Experimental results demonstrate high accuracy, with angular velocity measurements exceeding 98,00% across configurations. Contacting wheels achieve accuracy levels of 97,68% and 98,34%, concentric wheels maintain 98,34%, and belt-connected wheels exhibit slight variations at 98,34% and 97,65%. This IoT-integrated system offers a reliable, precise, and versatile approach to understanding wheel dynamics, making it a significant asset for enhancing educational physics experiments.

Linear momentum and impulse experimentation tool using infrared and load cell sensors based on Internet of Things Zahrotiy Irsyad; Yulkifli; Asrizal; Yenni Darvina
Research on Instrumentation Vol. 1 No. 2 (2024): Research on Instrumentation
Publisher : RESSTECH

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.66926/rins.2024.15

Microcontrollers can be utilized in the field of physics education as a component to develop physics experimental tools. This research aims to design and build an experimental tool that can be used to measure linear momentum and impulse with high accuracy, using Internet of Things technology. This tool utilizes infrared sensors and load cells as the main components in the measurement. The infrared sensor is used to detect the speed of the object, while the load cell is used to measure the mass of the object. The data obtained from these two sensors is sent in real-time through the IoT platform. This tool is designed to make it easier for users, especially in the educational environment, to conduct physics experiments related to momentum and impulse more efficiently and effectively. From the research that has been done, the results of performance specifications on the experimental tool and design specifications on the experimental tool are obtained. The results of performance specifications, the sensors used have good linearity with R-Square values of 0.99849, electronic circuits using various components, and blynk interfaces to display data. The results of the design specifications have an accuracy rate of 96,781% and a high measurement accuracy of 99.002% and 93.567%.

Design of a 5 GHz Microstrip Bandpass Filter Using the Coupled Line Method for Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Syukri Fajrin; Asrizal; Mona Berlian Sari; Khairi Budayawan
Research on Instrumentation Vol. 1 No. 2 (2024): Research on Instrumentation
Publisher : RESSTECH

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.66926/rins.2024.18

The remote sensing system, commonly referred to as radar, enables the monitoring of the Earth's surface by transmitting and receiving reflected microwave signals. With advancements in technology, remote sensing systems can now produce visual outputs in the form of 2D and even 3D images with high resolution. Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) has become one of the preferred methods for remote sensing. Using microwave signals, SAR radar is not exempt from disturbances such as out-of-band frequencies, interference, and other issues, which result in unclear radar images and noise. Therefore, a bandpass filter is required to filter signals in SAR radar systems. The proposed filter is designed using a microstrip layout. Microstrip filters offer advantages such as ease of design, the ability to operate at higher frequencies, low profile, and easy integration with other devices. The filter is designed using the couple line method, with a substrate having a dielectric constant of 2.17 and a thickness of 1.6 mm. The proposed design is tailored to the characteristics of SAR, targeting a filter frequency of 5 GHz with a narrow bandwidth of approximately 10 MHz. Simulation results indicate that the filter achieves a center frequency of 5.01 GHz, a bandwidth of 50 MHz, an insertion loss of -2.7 dB, and a return loss of -28 dB. Measurements of the fabricated filter show a center frequency of 5.03 GHz, a bandwidth of 18 MHz, an insertion loss of -2.8 dB, and a return loss of -15.11 dB. Based on these findings, the microstrip bandpass filter designed using the couple line method can be effectively used for SAR applications.

A Microstrip Lowpass Filter Using a Stepped Impedance Hairpin Resonator for GPS Application Resty Amanda; Asrizal; Pakhrur Razi; Khairi Budayawan
Research on Instrumentation Vol. 2 No. 1 (2025): Research on Instrumentation
Publisher : RESSTECH

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.66926/rins.2025.26

The rapidly developing digital era today, particularly advancements in technology within the fields of navigation and information. One such technological advancement is the Global Positioning System (GPS). GPS is a satellite-based system that uses microwave signals to continuously provide accurate information on position, speed, direction, and time, independent of time and weather conditions. As a result, to obtain accurate information, a device known as a lowpass filter is required to reduce interference in the GPS receiver signal. The increasing sophistication of technology has driven the need for more efficient systems. Therefore, filters for GPS receiver applications are generally designed to be small and thin. One such filter with these characteristics is the microstrip filter. This filter has several advantages, including its small size, ease of fabrication, simplicity in production, and ease of integration into other electronic devices. This research aims to analyze the effect of adding stubs, the influence of the filter's physical dimensions, and to characterize the lowpass filter for GPS applications. The filter was designed using a stepped impedance hairpin resonator (SIHR). The substrate used was NPCH-220A with a dielectric constant of 2.17 and a substrate thickness of 1.6 mm. The proposed design complies with the specified filter specifications. Simulation results show a cutoff frequency of 1.79 GHz, return loss of -24 dB, insertion loss in the passband of -0.1 dB, and at the cutoff frequency of -3 dB. Meanwhile, the measurement results show a cutoff frequency of 1.66 GHz, return loss of -45 dB, insertion loss in the passband of -1.6 dB, and at the cutoff frequency of -3 dB. From the results of this study, the microstrip lowpass filter using a stepped impedance hairpin resonator can be used in GPS applications.

Development of a Fish Feed and Water Control System for an Internet of Things-based Smart Aquarium Cindy Tisni Permata; Asrizal; Yulkifli
Research on Instrumentation Vol. 2 No. 1 (2025): Research on Instrumentation
Publisher : RESSTECH

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.66926/rins.2025.30

The cultivation of Discus ornamental fish requires a stable aquarium environment, particularly in maintaining water quality parameters such as temperature, pH, turbidity, and feeding management. Irregularities in these parameters can lead to stress, disease, and even mortality in fish. This study aims to design and implement an Internet of Things (IoT)-based Smart Aquarium system capable of monitoring and automatically controlling water quality and feeding in real time. The research method used is an engineering approach with experimental testing. The system is built using an ESP32 microcontroller integrated with a DS18B20 temperature sensor, pH sensor, turbidity sensor, and HX711 load cell sensor. The actuators include water pumps, relays, a heater, and a servo motor, supported by float switches and a water level sensor for automatic draining and refilling processes. System data is displayed through an I2C LCD and the Blynk application via Wi-Fi for remote monitoring. The experimental results show that the system operates effectively with high accuracy, where the temperature sensor achieves 99.45% accuracy, the pH sensor 98.51%, the turbidity sensor 99.30%, and the load cell sensor 99.25%. The system is capable of maintaining water temperature within the range of 28–30°C, detecting unsuitable water conditions, and controlling feeding based on weight automatically. Therefore, the proposed Smart Aquarium system improves efficiency, monitoring convenience, and the overall quality of Discus fish cultivation.

A Step Impedance Microstrip Filter for Microwave RFID Application Gina Haziza Ariani; Asrizal; Mairizwan
Research on Instrumentation Vol. 1 No. 2 (2024): Research on Instrumentation
Publisher : RESSTECH

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.66926/rins.2024.46

RFID is an automatic identification technology that uses electromagnetic waves to transmit and receive information stored in tags or responders upon request from an RFID reader. To ensure that only signals with the working frequency of the RFID reader enter the reader, the signals are filtered first using a filter. A filter is a transition device designed to pass desired frequencies while eliminating or attenuating undesired frequencies. Therefore, a lowpass microstrip filter is designed for RFID microwave applications to limit the radio wave frequencies used in the RFID system. The designed lowpass microstrip filter has a cut-off frequency of 2.4 GHz, an insertion loss of -3 dB, a return loss of -10 dB, and an input impedance of 50 ohm. The lowpass filter is implemented on a microstrip substrate NPC-H220A. variations in the physical design of the microstrip filter can affect the signal performance in achieving the desired cut-off frequency, insertion loss, and return loss. Thus, lowpass microstrip filters with different dimensions are designed. The result of these dimensional changes will be analyzed to determine which design yields the best performance that meets the desired specifications. This research is based on S-Parameters measured using a Vector Network Analyzer (VNA). According to the S-Parameter, S11 represents the return loss, which indicates how well the filter avoids signal reflection back to the source. The smaller the S11 value, the better the filter performance in reducing reflections. S21 represents the insertion loss, measuring the signal loss as it passes through the filter. The smaller the S21 value, the more efficient the filter, indicating that a larger signal successfully passes through the filter

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