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All Journal International Journal of Industrial Optimization (IJIO) Analit: Analytical And Environmental Chemistry
Adjar Pratoto
Andalas University
Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Engineering Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering

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TAGUCHI EXPERIMENTAL STUDY: THE EFFECT OF BAY LEAF EXTRACT WEIGHT PERCENTAGE AND SAMPLE SIZE ON THE CHARACTERISTICS OF POLYVINYL ALCOHOL FILMS Hery Sunarsono; Hairul Abral; Adjar Pratoto; Elisabeth Feberlian Gulo; Melbi Mahardika; Mat Uzir Wahit; Vitri Aprila Handayani
Analit : Analytical and Environmental Chemistry Vol. 10, No. 02 October (2025) Analit : Analytical and Environmental Chemistry
Publisher : Jurusan Kimia FMIPA Universitas Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/analit.v10i02.231

Abstract

This research aims to determine the optimum parameters for incorporating Indonesian bay leaf extract (DS) into a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) matrix to form a new polymer, PVA/DS. Taguchi's experimental method was employed to obtain the anti-UV properties and optimal mechanical characteristics of the PVA/DS polymer. Factors studied include DS concentration and sample size. The experimental design was prepared using an orthogonal array L16. The ability to block UV radiation (anti-UV) and the mechanical properties of polymer films are determined using UV Vis spectra and tensile testing (ASTM D638). The results of the Signal-to-Noise Ratio analysis show that the DS concentration factor is the most dominant variable in the anti-UV response, with a DS concentration influence factor (delta) value of 72.261, compared to a sample thickness of 1.605. Likewise, for elongation at break, the delta value of DS concentration is 2.43, which is higher than the cross-sectional area of 1.31. Meanwhile, for the tensile strength performance, neither factor was significant; however, the cross-sectional area factor was more dominant than the DS concentration, with a cross-sectional area delta value of 3.29, which is higher than the DS concentration of 2.77. The addition of DS concentration to the anti-UV response is able to block 100% of UV rays compared to PVA, which is only 16%. Meanwhile, for tensile strength, there was a 50.98% increase. The tensile strength of PVA/DS1 reached 75.67 MPa compared to PVA, which was only 50.12 MPa. Meanwhile, elongation at break increased by 14.71% in PVA/DS0.5 (304.43%) compared to PVA (265.40%). Thus, this research successfully applied the Taguchi method to identify the optimum factor combination with a minimum number of experiments. PVA/DS1 film (1% DS) is a film with optimum conditions that can provide superior performance, making it an alternative to conventional plastics that do not decompose easily
Development of an energy management system for palm oil refinery facilities: implementing a systems approach Febrian Febrian; Adjar Pratoto
International Journal of Industrial Optimization Vol. 6 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12928/ijio.v6i2.13254

Abstract

This study aims to develop a proactive Energy Management System (EnMS) for a palm oil refinery using a comprehensive systems-based approach implemented carefully during the plant design phase. Unlike conventional methods that rely mainly on historical operational data, this research deliberately utilizes engineering design specifications together with simulation modeling to estimate accurate energy consumption baselines and formulate an ISO 50001-compliant EnMS. A regression-based analysis is systematically applied to define reliable Energy Performance Indicators (EnPIs), using production volume and running hours as key variables influencing overall energy utilization. The resulting analytical model estimates a Specific Energy Consumption (SEC) of 2.168 MWh/MT—significantly higher than the 0.45 MWh/MT BAT benchmark—primarily due to assumptions of full-capacity, simultaneous operation under conservative conditions. To support continuous energy performance improvement, the system incorporates PDCA-based review mechanisms and establishes progressive energy-saving targets: an initial 10% reduction, followed by 1–2% annual incremental improvements. Validation through structured feedback sessions from plant management confirmed the system's strong alignment with operational needs, feasibility within industrial contexts, and readiness for phased implementation. Ultimately, this study contributes a novel, simulation-based framework for integrating EnMS during the design stage, offering a scalable and adaptable model for energy-intensive industries that aim to enhance efficiency and achieve long-term sustainability from the outset.
Co-Authors Abral, Hairul Elisabeth Feberlian Gulo Febrian Febrian Hery Sunarsono Mat Uzir Wahit Melbi Mahardika Vitri Aprila Handayani