Paul S. Masumbe
Senior Lecturer and Head of the Private Law Unit, Walter Sisulu University

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Financing Africa’s Post COVID-19 Sustainable Development: Domestic versus International Resources Mobilization Aghem Hanson Ekori; Paul S. Masumbe
Economit Journal: Scientific Journal of Accountancy, Management and Finance Vol 2 No 2 (2022): Economit Journal: Scientific Journal of Accountancy, Management and Finance: (May
Publisher : Britain International for Academic Research (BIAR-Publisher)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33258/economit.v2i2.657

Abstract

Even though the African continent has recorded the lowest deaths tolls caused by COVID-19, it is one of the slowest continents recovering from the pandemic. The effects of COVID-19 have crippled many developing progresses made prior to the pandemic and the government of many countries in the continent have already utilised the limited financial resources on the on-going crisis. Many African countries are seeking for financial assistance from institutions like the International Monetary Fund (IMF) the African Development Bank (AfDB), the World Bank and many other sources for post COVID-19 development. In financing Africa’s post COVID-19 development, this article will examines domestic public and private and international resource mobilization for Africa’s post COVID-19 development. It argues that both the revenues system of most African countries has to be restructured to ensure effective and efficient tax collection while reallocating more budgets for development. With regard to international resource mobilization, the Special Drawing Rights (SDRs) of the IMF, Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) were analysed. Similarly, the Strategy for Economic Governance in Africa (SEGA) of the AfDB and Agenda 2063 of the African Union (AU) were also examined as models for sustainable post COVID-19 development in Africa. Finally, it argues that financing post COVID-19 development will requires contributions from domestic, international private and public sources but the domestic financial sources should provide most of the funds because borrowing will enslave the borrower to the lender.
Putin on Trial: The Reality of Heads of State Immunity before International Criminal Courts Aghem Hanson Ekori; Paul S. Masumbe
Polit Journal Scientific Journal of Politics Vol 2 No 1 (2022): Polit Journal: Scientific Journal of Politics, February
Publisher : Britain International for Academic Research (BIAR-Publisher)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33258/polit.v2i1.621

Abstract

The prosecution of serving heads of state before international criminal courts is still very challenging even though most of these courts do not recognise immunities for international crimes. While the recognition of head of state immunity before national and foreign domestic courts for international crimes is supported by customary international law, the recognition of immunities before international criminal courts is determined by the statute creating the court.. Consequently, while the Rome Statute creating the International Criminal Court (the ICC) does not recognise any form of immunity, the Malabo Protocol creating the African Criminal Court (the ACC) recognised the immunity of senior serving state officials for international crimes. Currently, the ICC is investigating the situation in Ukraine which may lead to the possible arrest of President Putin of Russia and his senior officials for crimes against humanity and war crimes committed when Russia invaded Ukraine. The article argues that prosecuting a serving president like Putin by the ICC may be similar to the Al Bashir case because it will be difficult to arrest and surrender him to the Court and also the fact that Russia is not state party to the Rome Statute. Consequently, the waiving of immunity before an international court is not enough; cooperation by the home state of the offender and other states is needed in matters arrest and surrender to the prosecuting court.