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Fáladé Ọpéyemí Williams
Department of Linguistics and Nigerian Languages, Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti

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Floating Tone in Èsùkù Fáladé Ọpéyemí Williams
LingLit Journal Scientific Journal for Linguistics and Literature Vol 4 No 2 (2023): Linglit Journal: Scientific Journal of Linguistics and Literature, June
Publisher : Britain International for Academic Research (BIAR-Publisher)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33258/linglit.v4i2.920

Abstract

This paper examines floating tone in Èsùkù - one of the dialects of Akpes spoken in Àjọwá community in Àkókó North West local Government area of Òndó State. Scholars have shown that, floating tone performs functions such as: completed action, negation, agreement, genitive marker, etc. In this paper, it is establish that, a floating tone acts as genitive marker in a noun-noun construction and show completed action in a declarative sentence. Findings in this study show that, apart from /ɔní-/ which serves as genitive marker in the speech form, Èsùkù also has a floating high tone [́] as genitive marker in a noun-noun construction. It is observe that, a floating high tone aligns with the final vowel of the first noun (N1) to form a contour which later simplifies to a level high tone. It is observe the elision of V2 in V1#V2 environment in a genitive construction. The theoretical model employed in analyzing the data in this work is the Autosegmental Phonology because of its problem-solving efficiency in the areas of tone, vowel harmony, and nasality. Descriptive research methodology was adopted for this paper. In eliciting data, the researcher visit the community that speaks the speech form under focus. The study contributes to knowledge in the area of tone analysis in Esuku because no work exists in that area.
Is “ai” a Unitary or Separate Morpheme? Fáladé Ọpéyemí Williams
LingLit Journal Scientific Journal for Linguistics and Literature Vol 4 No 2 (2023): Linglit Journal: Scientific Journal of Linguistics and Literature, June
Publisher : Britain International for Academic Research (BIAR-Publisher)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33258/linglit.v4i2.931

Abstract

Yorubá is one of the major languages spoken in Nigeria alongside Hausa and Igbo. It has enjoyed extensive research works from both native and non-native authors in virtually all the sub-fields of linguistics. However, there are areas of disagreement among scholars, one of which is the status of the negative maker "ai" as a morpheme or two morphemes. This argument, among other reasons, prompted this paper. Albeit, Oye (2007) argues that negative marker /ai/ is a morpheme while Awobuluyi (2005), Adewole (1992) Solomon (1983) and Olumuyiwa (2006) have a contrary opinion, they claim that the negative prefix marker /ai/ is two morphemes. In this paper, we shall examine the arguments of Yoruba scholars on the negative prefix marker /ai/ as to whether it a unitary morpheme or two separate morphemes. We shall argue in this paper, that the morpheme /i/ has two variants; one is a nominal prefix while the other is a negative marker and the variants are in complementary distribution. We shall also show in this paper that /a/ is a nominal prefix while /i/ is the negative marker in support of the earlier scholars that claim that /ai/ is two morphemes.
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