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All Journal Paduraksa : Jurnal Teknik Sipil Universitas Warmadewa
Putu Cinthya Pratiwi Kardita
Civil Engineering, Udayana University, Badung, Bali, Indonesia
Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Environmental Science

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Characterization of composite partition board using basalt rock and coir fibre I Made Dwi Litarona; Putu Cinthya Pratiwi Kardita; I Kadek Delon Putra Setiawan; Ni Luh Wayan Inten; Faradila Sahara Ramandhani
PADURAKSA: Jurnal Teknik Sipil Universitas Warmadewa Vol. 14 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Program Studi Teknik Sipil, Fakultas Teknik dan Perencanaan, Universitas Warmadewa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22225/pd.14.2.13981.298-304

Abstract

The increasing global demand for housing and building materials is creating pressure for sustainable alternatives, driven by the massive generation of construction waste and the use of non-eco-friendly materials. The main purpose of this study was to analyse the characteristics of a composite partition board utilizing basalt rock offcuts with over 96 tons by 2019, and coir fibre waste, which reaches approximately 1.8 million tons annually, as alternative materials. The resulting composite boards were designed to substitute fine aggregate with basalt rock waste and utilized coir fibre as an additive. A key finding is the inverse relationship between coir fibre content and composite density, where the reduction of coir fibre significantly improved the physical properties. Analysis showed that all variations significantly exceeded the minimum requirements specified in the SNI 03-2104-1991 and JIS A 5417-1992 standards for density and dimensional stability. Specifically, the fibre free K2 composition achieved the highest density of 1.87 g/cm3, classifying it as a superior high quality cement board. Furthermore, all compositions demonstrated excellent durability, with impact resistance exceeding 99% mass retention and thermal stability up to 200°C, confirming the composite’s potential as a sustainable, high-performance alternative to conventional partition materials. This study provides a practical contribution to green construction research by validating a localized dual-waste composite that meets international building codes, thereby operationalizing the objectives of SDG 9 and 12 through industrial and agricultural waste utilization.
Mechanical properties of asbestos and basalt stone waste as structural concrete Ni Putu Indira Saraswati Kumari Wisuryha; Putu Cinthya Pratiwi Kardita; Ida Ayu Made Dwitya Widani Manuaba; I Dewa Gede Byantara Nugraha; Abbror Ragil Putrawan
PADURAKSA: Jurnal Teknik Sipil Universitas Warmadewa Vol. 14 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Program Studi Teknik Sipil, Fakultas Teknik dan Perencanaan, Universitas Warmadewa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22225/pd.14.2.13982.305-311

Abstract

The Earth's average surface temperature has increased immensely, reaching 1.45 +/- 0.12 Celsius in 2023. This is linked to growing carbon emissions from industrial activities, particularly the construction sector. The production of 1 m3 of conventional concrete can emit up to 277.82 kg CO2. Indonesia remains the second-largest asbestos importer, contributing over 100,000 tons annually to the local construction sector in 2023. Most of the waste is unmanaged and causes health concerns. Simultaneously, Bali’s stone carving industry generates approximately 30% basalt stone waste, much of which remains unprocessed and is discarded into rivers or roadside drains. Nationally, Indonesia holds over 1 billion tons of basalt reserves, yet utilization remains low. Addressing these dual environmental issues, this study proposes a sustainable concrete innovation that utilizes 3% asbestos waste as a substitute for cement and 20% basalt waste as a replacement for coarse aggregate. The proposed concrete mix was tested following SNI 03-2847-2002, ASTM C39, and SNI 03-1974-1990. The results show a compressive strength of 44.26 MPa, higher than the required 41.4 MPa for high-strength concrete based on SNI 03-6468-2000. The modified mixture also has a 16.71 percent lower density than normal concrete and a slump value of 157.67 mm, indicating good workability. Furthermore, the mix reduces carbon emissions by 31.273 kg CO2 per m3 and lowers production cost by 43.9 percent, saving IDR 731,401 compared to conventional concrete with similar strength. These innovations show that asbestos and basalt waste can be transformed into low-carbon structural materials, promoting the circular economy while mitigating environmental risks from unmanaged industrial waste.
Evaluation of basalt-based mortars incorporating local bio-fibers using the TOPSIS method: a technical, environmental, and economic assessment Anak Agung Ngurah Dwipayana Putra; Putu Cinthya Pratiwi Kardita; I Made Agus Ariawan; Ni Ketut Ary Tubuh Harum Ningsih; William Steven Brian Syah
PADURAKSA: Jurnal Teknik Sipil Universitas Warmadewa Vol. 14 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Program Studi Teknik Sipil, Fakultas Teknik dan Perencanaan, Universitas Warmadewa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22225/pd.14.2.13983.312-321

Abstract

The construction sector in Bali still generates significant environmental waste, including from the tabas stone craft industry, which produces waste equivalent to 30% of the original stone in the form of small pieces and powder. Tabas stone is used as an ornament in traditional Balinese buildings, accounting for 50–80% of the construction material in Bali. This waste is often disposed of in rivers, reducing the wet surface area and polluting the environment. On the other hand, mortar as a binding material in construction accounts for about 30% of total building material use, making the use of environmentally friendly local materials in mortar formulations highly relevant. In 2022, out of 1.02 million tons of waste in Bali, about 70% was organic waste. Most of it came from the construction, agriculture, and handicraft sectors, such as bamboo fiber (BF), coconut fiber (CF), and pineapple leaf fiber (PLF). These materials have high cellulose content, namely bamboo powder at 53.6%, coconut husk at 43.44%, and pineapple leaves at 71.5%, which have the potential to be used as environmentally friendly mortar additives. This study aims to evaluate mortar formulations based on basalt scoria with the addition of these fibers from technical, environmental, and cost-efficiency perspectives. The TOPSIS method from the MCDM approach was used to determine the best formulation based on parameter rankings. The results showed that with the addition of 10% cellulose fibers, the compressive strength obtained was 4.137 MPa for bamboo fibers, 3.224 MPa for coconut husk fibers, and 3.923 MPa for pineapple leaf fibers. The ranking results indicate that while bamboo fiber (BF) shows the highest cost efficiency, the MS-12CCF mixture emerges as the most balanced alternative when considering technical, environmental, and economic aspects.
Co-Authors Abbror Ragil Putrawan Anak Agung Ngurah Dwipayana Putra Faradila Sahara Ramandhani I Dewa Gede Byantara Nugraha I Kadek Delon Putra Setiawan I Made Agus Ariawan I Made Dwi Litarona Ida Ayu Made Dwitya Widani Manuaba Ni Ketut Ary Tubuh Harum Ningsih Ni Luh Wayan Inten Ni Putu Indira Saraswati Kumari Wisuryha William Steven Brian Syah