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Organocatalysis: A Revolutionary Approach in Organic Synthesis Ahmad, Kabiru Bashir; Chinedu, Emmanuel Kinsley; Pambani, Reuben; Adam, Ansar Bilyaminu; Abubakar, Musa Yahaya; Shamsuddeen, Ruslan
African Multidisciplinary Journal of Sciences and Artificial Intelligence Vol 1 No 1 (2024): African Multidisciplinary Journal of Sciences and Artificial Intelligence
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/amjsai.v1i1.3518

Organocatalysis has emerged as a powerful tool in organic synthesis, enabling the efficient and selective formation of complex molecules. This review highlights the recent advances in organocatalysis, including the development of new catalysts, reactions, and applications. The advantages and limitations of organocatalysis are discussed, and its potential for scalability and sustainability is evaluated. The review also explores the mechanistic insights and future directions in this field, demonstrating the versatility and impact of organocatalysis in modern organic synthesis. This paradigm shift not only addresses the pressing environmental challenges but also paves the way for more innovative and economically viable synthetic strategies. As a result, organic synthesis is poised to play a crucial role in advancing pharmaceuticals, materials science, and agrochemicals, driving forward a more sustainable and resilient chemical industry.

The Impact of Water Quality on Human Nutrition: A Review of the Relationship between Water Intake and Nutrient Absorption Abubakar, Musa Yahaya; Haladu, Mohammed; Reuben, Pambani; Mathew, Twan Sale; Adam, Ansar Bilyaminu; Shamsuddeen, Ruslan
African Multidisciplinary Journal of Sciences and Artificial Intelligence Vol 1 No 1 (2024): African Multidisciplinary Journal of Sciences and Artificial Intelligence
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/amjsai.v1i1.3544

Water quality is intrinsically linked to human health, and ensuring access to clean and safe water is a fundamental public health goal, Water is essential to human health as it assists with nutrient delivery and digestion. The chemical, physical, and microbiological qualities of water have a substantial impact on the gastrointestinal tract's ability to absorb nutrients. Heavy metals, insecticides, and microbial infections are examples of contaminants that can hinder digestive processes, resulting in nutrient shortages and absorption. Pure, high-grade water can improve the absorption of nutrients and the effectiveness of digestion. This review examines the connection between nutrient absorption and water quality, with a particular emphasis on the effects of water pollution on human health. According to the review, nutrient absorption is greatly impacted by water quality, particularly in groups that are more sensitive. It emphasizes how crucial it is to monitor and control water quality better in order to provide the best possible nutrition and health results. This review synthesizes current research to elucidate the mechanisms through which water quality impacts nutrient absorption and overall nutritional status. It also highlights the public health implications, particularly in areas with inadequate access to clean water, and suggests interventions to improve water quality and support optimal health outcomes. water quality has a significant impact on human nutrition by influencing nutrient absorption, overall health, and hydration. Contaminants in water can interfere with nutrient absorption and cause a range of health issues, ultimately affecting the availability of essential nutrients in the body. Therefore, addressing water quality issues is crucial for promoting optimal nutrition and improving human health. The findings underscore the importance of ensuring access to clean drinking water as a fundamental component of nutritional health and public well-being.

Natural Products as Leads for Neglected Trophical Diseases (NTDs) Treatment; A Chemical and Biological - Review Mathew, Twan Sale; Chinedu, Emmanuel Kinsley; Haladu, Muhammed; Abubakar, Musa Yahaya; Adam, Ansar Bilayamin; Shamsuddeen, Ruslan
African Multidisciplinary Journal of Sciences and Artificial Intelligence Vol 1 No 1 (2024): African Multidisciplinary Journal of Sciences and Artificial Intelligence
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/amjsai.v1i1.3735

Natural compounds are mostly found in medicinal plants that are used to treat various ailments. They are distinguished by their structural complexity and diversity, which span a wide chemical universe and present both benefits and shortcomings to the process of discovering novel drugs. Neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) are common tropical diseases that impact over one billion people globally. Numerous pathogens, such as bacteria, fungi, viruses, parasites, and poisons, are responsible for them. Natural products have always been important in the search for new drugs to treat differents diseases including NTDs. The purpose of this chapter is to provide an update on the evaluation of both the chemical and biological properties of natural compounds that have been extracted and identified from plant sources, and may be utilized as viable candidates for the development of new drugs treat NTDs with lower incidence such as: Buruli ulcer, dracunculiasis, echinococcosis, food-borne trematodiases, leprosy, lymphatic filariasis, parasitics, schistosomiasis, soil-transmitted helminthiases, taeniasis/cysticercosis, trachoma and yaws. This chapter also intends to make a critical review on the chemical analysis of natural products’ structure and classification, biological evaluation of natural products’ antiparasitic, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory activities. In conclusion, Natural products continue to be a key source of fresh ideas for treating NTDs. Their distinct methods of action and variety of chemicals offer potential for the development of new treatments.

Organocatalysis: A Revolutionary Approach in Organic Synthesis Ahmad, Kabiru Bashir; Chinedu, Emmanuel Kinsley; Pambani, Reuben; Adam, Ansar Bilyaminu; Abubakar, Musa Yahaya; Shamsuddeen, Ruslan
African Multidisciplinary Journal of Sciences and Artificial Intelligence Vol 1 No 1 (2024): African Multidisciplinary Journal of Sciences and Artificial Intelligence
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/amjsai.v1i1.3518

Organocatalysis has emerged as a powerful tool in organic synthesis, enabling the efficient and selective formation of complex molecules. This review highlights the recent advances in organocatalysis, including the development of new catalysts, reactions, and applications. The advantages and limitations of organocatalysis are discussed, and its potential for scalability and sustainability is evaluated. The review also explores the mechanistic insights and future directions in this field, demonstrating the versatility and impact of organocatalysis in modern organic synthesis. This paradigm shift not only addresses the pressing environmental challenges but also paves the way for more innovative and economically viable synthetic strategies. As a result, organic synthesis is poised to play a crucial role in advancing pharmaceuticals, materials science, and agrochemicals, driving forward a more sustainable and resilient chemical industry.

The Impact of Water Quality on Human Nutrition: A Review of the Relationship between Water Intake and Nutrient Absorption Abubakar, Musa Yahaya; Haladu, Mohammed; Reuben, Pambani; Mathew, Twan Sale; Adam, Ansar Bilyaminu; Shamsuddeen, Ruslan
African Multidisciplinary Journal of Sciences and Artificial Intelligence Vol 1 No 1 (2024): African Multidisciplinary Journal of Sciences and Artificial Intelligence
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/amjsai.v1i1.3544

Water quality is intrinsically linked to human health, and ensuring access to clean and safe water is a fundamental public health goal, Water is essential to human health as it assists with nutrient delivery and digestion. The chemical, physical, and microbiological qualities of water have a substantial impact on the gastrointestinal tract's ability to absorb nutrients. Heavy metals, insecticides, and microbial infections are examples of contaminants that can hinder digestive processes, resulting in nutrient shortages and absorption. Pure, high-grade water can improve the absorption of nutrients and the effectiveness of digestion. This review examines the connection between nutrient absorption and water quality, with a particular emphasis on the effects of water pollution on human health. According to the review, nutrient absorption is greatly impacted by water quality, particularly in groups that are more sensitive. It emphasizes how crucial it is to monitor and control water quality better in order to provide the best possible nutrition and health results. This review synthesizes current research to elucidate the mechanisms through which water quality impacts nutrient absorption and overall nutritional status. It also highlights the public health implications, particularly in areas with inadequate access to clean water, and suggests interventions to improve water quality and support optimal health outcomes. water quality has a significant impact on human nutrition by influencing nutrient absorption, overall health, and hydration. Contaminants in water can interfere with nutrient absorption and cause a range of health issues, ultimately affecting the availability of essential nutrients in the body. Therefore, addressing water quality issues is crucial for promoting optimal nutrition and improving human health. The findings underscore the importance of ensuring access to clean drinking water as a fundamental component of nutritional health and public well-being.

Natural Products as Leads for Neglected Trophical Diseases (NTDs) Treatment; A Chemical and Biological - Review Mathew, Twan Sale; Chinedu, Emmanuel Kinsley; Haladu, Muhammed; Abubakar, Musa Yahaya; Adam, Ansar Bilayamin; Shamsuddeen, Ruslan
African Multidisciplinary Journal of Sciences and Artificial Intelligence Vol 1 No 1 (2024): African Multidisciplinary Journal of Sciences and Artificial Intelligence
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/amjsai.v1i1.3735

Natural compounds are mostly found in medicinal plants that are used to treat various ailments. They are distinguished by their structural complexity and diversity, which span a wide chemical universe and present both benefits and shortcomings to the process of discovering novel drugs. Neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) are common tropical diseases that impact over one billion people globally. Numerous pathogens, such as bacteria, fungi, viruses, parasites, and poisons, are responsible for them. Natural products have always been important in the search for new drugs to treat differents diseases including NTDs. The purpose of this chapter is to provide an update on the evaluation of both the chemical and biological properties of natural compounds that have been extracted and identified from plant sources, and may be utilized as viable candidates for the development of new drugs treat NTDs with lower incidence such as: Buruli ulcer, dracunculiasis, echinococcosis, food-borne trematodiases, leprosy, lymphatic filariasis, parasitics, schistosomiasis, soil-transmitted helminthiases, taeniasis/cysticercosis, trachoma and yaws. This chapter also intends to make a critical review on the chemical analysis of natural products’ structure and classification, biological evaluation of natural products’ antiparasitic, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory activities. In conclusion, Natural products continue to be a key source of fresh ideas for treating NTDs. Their distinct methods of action and variety of chemicals offer potential for the development of new treatments.

Heavy Metals Tolerant Bacteria Detection from Selected Scrap Metal Dump Site: A Review Muhammad, Haladu Mahmud; Nasir, Mukhtar Umar; Adam, Ansar Bilyaminu; Shamsuddeen, Ruslan
African Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Research Vol 1 No 1 (2024): African Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Research
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/ajbmbr.v1i1.3468

This study aimed to detect heavy-tolerant bacteria from selected scrap metal dump sites. Heavy metals are the major setbacks to many forms of life and their presence in the ecosystem rapid increase of heavy metal contamination is due to anthropogenic activities, rampant scrap metal waste disposal, and other industrial wastes. Bacteria were found to be among the many microorganisms that can tolerate many heavy metals and can as well reduce their toxicity or even convert them to useful resources. This study aims to detect the heavy metal concentration and the bacterial species capable of tolerating the identified heavy metals from selected metal dump sites. The heavy metals content of the soil samples was analyzed using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS). Standard methods of enrichment culture and colony count were used to isolate a total of 12 bacterial species. Using 16S rRNA gene sequence-based molecular systematics, the 12 isolates were identified and grouped into one genus (Bacillus). It was observed from the results that the heavy metals (Pb, Zn, Cu, Cd, and Cr) concentrations found to be high above the WHO permissible limits (Copper-2.0, Zinc-3.0, Lead-0.4, Chromium-0.05, and Cadmium-0.03). Therefore, the bacterial isolates capable of surviving at such levels of heavy metals could have a potential application in the bioremediation and bioleaching of heavy metal contaminants.

Recent Advances in Biopesticides: A Review of Efficacy and Environmental Impact Shamsuddeen, Ruslan; Mathew, Twan Sale; Haladu, Mohammed; Ahmad, Kabiru Bashir; Adam, Ansar Bilyaminu; Abubakar, Musa Yahaya
African Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Research Vol 1 No 1 (2024): African Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Research
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/ajbmbr.v1i1.3706

Biopesticides are a vital component of sustainable agriculture, offering a safer alternative to synthetic pesticides. This review provides an overview of recent advances in biopesticides, including their types, efficacy, and environmental impact. Microbial, plant-based, and biochemical biopesticides have shown promising results in controlling pests and diseases. While efficacy is comparable to synthetic pesticides, biopesticides have a more favorable environmental profile, with reduced toxicity to non-target organisms and biodegradability. However, challenges persist in registration, regulation, and public acceptance. Future directions include genetic engineering, nanotechnology, and integrated pest management strategies. This review highlights the potential of biopesticides in reducing the environmental footprint of agriculture and ensuring food security.

Heavy Metals Tolerant Bacteria Detection from Selected Scrap Metal Dump Site: A Review Muhammad, Haladu Mahmud; Nasir, Mukhtar Umar; Adam, Ansar Bilyaminu; Shamsuddeen, Ruslan
African Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Research Vol 1 No 1 (2024): African Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Research
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/ajbmbr.v1i1.3468

This study aimed to detect heavy-tolerant bacteria from selected scrap metal dump sites. Heavy metals are the major setbacks to many forms of life and their presence in the ecosystem rapid increase of heavy metal contamination is due to anthropogenic activities, rampant scrap metal waste disposal, and other industrial wastes. Bacteria were found to be among the many microorganisms that can tolerate many heavy metals and can as well reduce their toxicity or even convert them to useful resources. This study aims to detect the heavy metal concentration and the bacterial species capable of tolerating the identified heavy metals from selected metal dump sites. The heavy metals content of the soil samples was analyzed using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS). Standard methods of enrichment culture and colony count were used to isolate a total of 12 bacterial species. Using 16S rRNA gene sequence-based molecular systematics, the 12 isolates were identified and grouped into one genus (Bacillus). It was observed from the results that the heavy metals (Pb, Zn, Cu, Cd, and Cr) concentrations found to be high above the WHO permissible limits (Copper-2.0, Zinc-3.0, Lead-0.4, Chromium-0.05, and Cadmium-0.03). Therefore, the bacterial isolates capable of surviving at such levels of heavy metals could have a potential application in the bioremediation and bioleaching of heavy metal contaminants.

Recent Advances in Biopesticides: A Review of Efficacy and Environmental Impact Shamsuddeen, Ruslan; Mathew, Twan Sale; Haladu, Mohammed; Ahmad, Kabiru Bashir; Adam, Ansar Bilyaminu; Abubakar, Musa Yahaya
African Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Research Vol 1 No 1 (2024): African Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Research
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/ajbmbr.v1i1.3706

Biopesticides are a vital component of sustainable agriculture, offering a safer alternative to synthetic pesticides. This review provides an overview of recent advances in biopesticides, including their types, efficacy, and environmental impact. Microbial, plant-based, and biochemical biopesticides have shown promising results in controlling pests and diseases. While efficacy is comparable to synthetic pesticides, biopesticides have a more favorable environmental profile, with reduced toxicity to non-target organisms and biodegradability. However, challenges persist in registration, regulation, and public acceptance. Future directions include genetic engineering, nanotechnology, and integrated pest management strategies. This review highlights the potential of biopesticides in reducing the environmental footprint of agriculture and ensuring food security.

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