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All Journal African Multidisciplinary Journal of Sciences and Artificial Intelligence Open Access DRIVERset African Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Research Open Access DRIVERset
Achimugu, Augustina
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Environmental Science Materials Science & Nanotechnology

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An Assessment of Rainfall Variability and Trends in Wukari, Nigeria from 1981 to 2021 Omopekunola, Moses Oluoke; Jacob, Abel; Abubakar, Ahmed; Achimugu, Augustina
African Multidisciplinary Journal of Sciences and Artificial Intelligence Vol 2 No 2 (2025): African Multidisciplinary Journal of Sciences and Artificial Intelligence
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/amjsai.v2i2.5402

Abstract

This study assessed the trends and variability of rainfall in Wukari, Nigeria, from 1981 to 2021, using the ECMWF ERA5 reanalysis data sets. Rainfall trends and variations over the study period were analyzed using Mann Kendal trend test and the Theil Sen slope estimator. The assessment of monthly rainfall variation for the rainy months (May-October) showed an increasing trend for August, September, and October, with August having the highest increasing trend of magnitude 0.051 mmmonth-1. The result also showed an encroachment of the dry spell towards the rainy season and vice versa. This will create a variation in onset of rainfall and cessation in the coming decades, which will affect the farming season in Wukari in terms of the time of planting and harvesting of crops. A decline in annual rainfall of magnitude -0.005mm/ year was observed within the period 1981 to 2021. The rainfall pattern revealed a periodic trend on a decadal basis with an increasing trend been followed be decreasing trend in the next decade. The highest increasing trend of magnitude 0.73 mmdecade-1 was observed in the third decade, and the highest decreasing trend in the fourth decade, with magnitude -0.93 mmdecade-1. Based on the trend pattern, an increasing trend in rainfall amount is expected in next decade (2021-2030), with a higher increasing trend magnitude greater than that of the third decade. Therefore, it is recommended that Government Agencies and stakeholders in the agriculture sector should be proactive in educating/enlightening farmers on the likelihood of a change in the farming season and make adequate preparation to mitigate the effect of flooding in the area.
An Assessment of Rainfall Variability and Trends in Wukari, Nigeria from 1981 to 2021 Omopekunola, Moses Oluoke; Jacob, Abel; Abubakar, Ahmed; Achimugu, Augustina
African Multidisciplinary Journal of Sciences and Artificial Intelligence Vol 2 No 2 (2025): African Multidisciplinary Journal of Sciences and Artificial Intelligence
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/amjsai.v2i2.5402

Abstract

This study assessed the trends and variability of rainfall in Wukari, Nigeria, from 1981 to 2021, using the ECMWF ERA5 reanalysis data sets. Rainfall trends and variations over the study period were analyzed using Mann Kendal trend test and the Theil Sen slope estimator. The assessment of monthly rainfall variation for the rainy months (May-October) showed an increasing trend for August, September, and October, with August having the highest increasing trend of magnitude 0.051 mmmonth-1. The result also showed an encroachment of the dry spell towards the rainy season and vice versa. This will create a variation in onset of rainfall and cessation in the coming decades, which will affect the farming season in Wukari in terms of the time of planting and harvesting of crops. A decline in annual rainfall of magnitude -0.005mm/ year was observed within the period 1981 to 2021. The rainfall pattern revealed a periodic trend on a decadal basis with an increasing trend been followed be decreasing trend in the next decade. The highest increasing trend of magnitude 0.73 mmdecade-1 was observed in the third decade, and the highest decreasing trend in the fourth decade, with magnitude -0.93 mmdecade-1. Based on the trend pattern, an increasing trend in rainfall amount is expected in next decade (2021-2030), with a higher increasing trend magnitude greater than that of the third decade. Therefore, it is recommended that Government Agencies and stakeholders in the agriculture sector should be proactive in educating/enlightening farmers on the likelihood of a change in the farming season and make adequate preparation to mitigate the effect of flooding in the area.
Prediction Model Based on Transfer Characteristics of Heavy Metals from Soils to Yam Tubers Grown in Wukari Farmland Achimugu, Augustina; Wansah, John F.; Emmanuel, Onuh G.; John, Jeremiah J.; Bawa-Boyi, Emmanuel U.
African Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Research Vol 1 No 2 (2024): African Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Research
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/ajbmbr.v1i2.3796

Abstract

Heavy metal contamination in agricultural soils poses a significant threat to human health because these elements accumulate in food crops. The study's aim was to make a prediction model based on the soil's properties that would show how well yam tubers would take up six heavy metals (Pb, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, and Zn) in Wukari farmland soils. Soil and plant samples were collected from different locations within Wukari, and the physiochemical properties of the soils, along with the concentration of heavy metals, were determined. For the yam tubers, the samples were peeled, washed, dried, pulverized, and then analyzed for heavy metals with the atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS). Step-wise linear regression analysis was employed to develop a prediction model to estimate the potential uptake of heavy metals by yam tubers based on the soil properties. The results showed that the farmland sample soils are sandy loamy and slightly alkaline, with a mean pH of about 7.88. The prediction model demonstrated good performance in predicting the uptake of all six heavy metals, with R2 ranging from 0.683 (Pb) to 0.998 (Zn) in the fitted empirical model. This work's findings will provide other researchers with a cost-effective tool for assessing potential contamination based on readily available soil data.
Prediction Model Based on Transfer Characteristics of Heavy Metals from Soils to Yam Tubers Grown in Wukari Farmland Achimugu, Augustina; Wansah, John F.; Emmanuel, Onuh G.; John, Jeremiah J.; Bawa-Boyi, Emmanuel U.
African Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Research Vol 1 No 2 (2024): African Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Research
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/ajbmbr.v1i2.3796

Abstract

Heavy metal contamination in agricultural soils poses a significant threat to human health because these elements accumulate in food crops. The study's aim was to make a prediction model based on the soil's properties that would show how well yam tubers would take up six heavy metals (Pb, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, and Zn) in Wukari farmland soils. Soil and plant samples were collected from different locations within Wukari, and the physiochemical properties of the soils, along with the concentration of heavy metals, were determined. For the yam tubers, the samples were peeled, washed, dried, pulverized, and then analyzed for heavy metals with the atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS). Step-wise linear regression analysis was employed to develop a prediction model to estimate the potential uptake of heavy metals by yam tubers based on the soil properties. The results showed that the farmland sample soils are sandy loamy and slightly alkaline, with a mean pH of about 7.88. The prediction model demonstrated good performance in predicting the uptake of all six heavy metals, with R2 ranging from 0.683 (Pb) to 0.998 (Zn) in the fitted empirical model. This work's findings will provide other researchers with a cost-effective tool for assessing potential contamination based on readily available soil data.
Co-Authors Abubakar, Ahmed Bawa-Boyi, Emmanuel U. Emmanuel, Onuh G. Jacob, Abel John, Jeremiah J. Omopekunola, Moses Oluoke Wansah, John F.