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Application of Detergent as Enhancer in Cassava Flour Processing: A Threat to Life Hikon, B.N; Dewa, Abubakar Umar; Jonathan, Nelson; Vincent, P.
African Journal of Sciences and Traditional Medicine Vol 1 No 1 (2024): African Journal of Sciences and Traditional Medicine
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/ajstm.v1i1.3497

Abstract

Introduction: Cassava flour is a processed product from Cassava tuber (Manihot esculenta Crantz) as a staple food, it is a major source of carbohydrate. Due to effects of climate related variables (dry and rain season) on the production and processing of cassava, rural dwellers have adopted the practice of using detergent (linear alkyl benzene sulfonate, LABS) to enhance the process of fermentation of cassava. Purpose of the Study: The study on the application of detergent as enhancer in cassava flour processing: A threat to life was purposely designed to substantiate the assertion that, detergent are used to aid fermentation of cassava. Materials and Methods: Samples of cassava tubers were randomly collected from three (3) farms, they were peeled, washed and soaked in detergents of concentrations; 0.05g/L, 0.1g/L and 0.5g/L and their rates of fermentation and pH were monitored, a control (sample without detergent) was also set up for comparison. A total of three (3) cassava flour were obtained from Wukari market, North Eastern Nigeria and were subjected to the same analysis with other samples in the laboratory. All samples were characterized with Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR), titrimetric method for residual detergent (LABS) and Flame photometer for Na concentrations. Results: The results obtained showed that the sample with least concentration of detergent (0.05 g/L) fermented within 48 hrs without objectionable odour, followed by 0.1 g/L at 54 hrs and 0.5 g/L at 68 hrs, the control sample fermented after 72 hrs with undesirable odour. The results of FTIR and Flame Photometer indicate the presence of Silicate, Azide and Na in both samples. Conclusion: The findings have proved that some of the Cassava Flour sold within Wukari Metropolis contained high concentration of residual LABS and sodium which have adverse effect on humans.
Application of Detergent as Enhancer in Cassava Flour Processing: A Threat to Life Hikon, B.N; Dewa, Abubakar Umar; Jonathan, Nelson; Vincent, P.
African Journal of Sciences and Traditional Medicine Vol 1 No 1 (2024): African Journal of Sciences and Traditional Medicine
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/ajstm.v1i1.3497

Abstract

Introduction: Cassava flour is a processed product from Cassava tuber (Manihot esculenta Crantz) as a staple food, it is a major source of carbohydrate. Due to effects of climate related variables (dry and rain season) on the production and processing of cassava, rural dwellers have adopted the practice of using detergent (linear alkyl benzene sulfonate, LABS) to enhance the process of fermentation of cassava. Purpose of the Study: The study on the application of detergent as enhancer in cassava flour processing: A threat to life was purposely designed to substantiate the assertion that, detergent are used to aid fermentation of cassava. Materials and Methods: Samples of cassava tubers were randomly collected from three (3) farms, they were peeled, washed and soaked in detergents of concentrations; 0.05g/L, 0.1g/L and 0.5g/L and their rates of fermentation and pH were monitored, a control (sample without detergent) was also set up for comparison. A total of three (3) cassava flour were obtained from Wukari market, North Eastern Nigeria and were subjected to the same analysis with other samples in the laboratory. All samples were characterized with Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR), titrimetric method for residual detergent (LABS) and Flame photometer for Na concentrations. Results: The results obtained showed that the sample with least concentration of detergent (0.05 g/L) fermented within 48 hrs without objectionable odour, followed by 0.1 g/L at 54 hrs and 0.5 g/L at 68 hrs, the control sample fermented after 72 hrs with undesirable odour. The results of FTIR and Flame Photometer indicate the presence of Silicate, Azide and Na in both samples. Conclusion: The findings have proved that some of the Cassava Flour sold within Wukari Metropolis contained high concentration of residual LABS and sodium which have adverse effect on humans.
The Impact of Social Media on Academic Performance of Students in Nigerian Colleges: Case Study of Adamawa State College of Education Hong, Nigeria Mathias, Linus; Hickson, Sikari; Jarison, Giliki; Jonathan, Nelson
Kwaghe International Journal of Engineering and Information Technology Vol 3 No 1 (2026): Kwaghe International Journal of Engineering and Information Technology
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/kijeit.v3i1.8313

Abstract

Social media usage is increasing as human society shifts online, facilitating global connections and offering time and cost savings. It enhances student satisfaction and academic performance by influencing technical, task, and social aspects. Utilizing social media for educational purposes can improve comprehension, but its addictive nature may lead to distractions if not managed well. The study involved 2,340 students from Adamawa State College of Education, Hong, randomly selected, with a sample size derived from a confidence interval of 5 and a 95% confidence level. Student data were collected via a questionnaire, which included options for responses ranging from Strongly Agree to Strongly Disagree. Out of 1,500 distributed questionnaires, results showed a diverse demographic: 719 were in NCE III (30.7%), 762 in NCE II (32.6%), and the remainder in NCE I. Gender-wise, 1,014 students were male (43.3%) and 1,326 female (56.7%). The majority age group was 21–25, comprising 1,305 students, while ages 16–20 accounted for 912 students. Regular social media use was reported by 11.7% of students, yet 88.3% logged in daily, suggesting potential impacts on academic performance. Facebook and WhatsApp emerged as the most utilized platforms, favored for their convenience, while some students also engaged with Instagram and YouTube for collaborative study and social communication. However, non-academic use of social media could negatively influence academic results.