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All Journal Kwaghe International Journal of Sciences and Technology Open Access DRIVERset African Journal of Clinical Medicine and Pharmacy Research African Journal of Medicine, Surgery and Public Health Research
K, Mijah A.
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Environmental Science Immunology & microbiology Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health Social Sciences

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Prevalence and Risk Factors of Taenia solium Infection among Humans and Pigs in Wukari Local Government Area, Taraba State, Nigeria J. I, Ogbadu; H. I J, Agere; O, Benson; K, Mijah A.
Kwaghe International Journal of Sciences and Technology Vol 3 No 1 (2026): Kwaghe International Journal of Sciences and Technology
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/kijst.v3i1.8282

Abstract

Taenia solium, the pork tapeworm, remains a major zoonotic parasite of public health and economic significance in many low- and middle-income countries, including Nigeria. The infection causes taeniasis in humans and cysticercosis in pigs, with transmission sustained by poor sanitation, free-range pig rearing, and inadequate meat inspection. This study determined the prevalence and risk factors associated with T. solium infection among pigs and humans in Wukari Local Government Area (LGA), Taraba State, Nigeria. A cross-sectional study was conducted between January and June 2024. Stool samples from 402 human participants and carcasses from 390 pigs were examined using standard parasitological and post-mortem inspection techniques. Socio-demographic and behavioral data were obtained through structured questionnaires. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 26.0, and associations between infection and risk factors were evaluated using Chi-square (χ²) and logistic regression at a significance level of p < 0.05. The overall prevalence of T. solium infection was 4.8% (38/792). Infection was detected in 4.9% of pigs and 4.7% of humans (χ² = 0.0387, p < 0.05). The highest prevalence among pigs occurred in Puje Ward (6.41%), while Hospital and Rafin Kada Wards recorded the highest human infection rates (5.97%). Significant risk factors identified included home slaughtering (OR = 2.1, 95% CI: 1.1–4.0), poor sanitation (OR = 1.8, 95% CI: 1.0–3.2), sale of infected pork (OR = 1.9, 95% CI: 1.1–3.3), and low public awareness (OR = 2.3, 95% CI: 1.2–4.4). The study reveals continued endemicity of T. solium in Wukari, driven by modifiable socio-behavioral factors. Strengthened meat inspection, improved sanitation, public education, and adoption of One Health surveillance strategies are recommended to reduce transmission and support Nigeria’s NTD elimination goals by 2030.
Prevalence and Risk Factors of Taenia solium Infection among Humans and Pigs in Wukari Local Government Area, Taraba State, Nigeria J. I, Ogbadu; H. I J, Agere; O, Benson; K, Mijah A.
Kwaghe International Journal of Sciences and Technology Vol 3 No 1 (2026): Kwaghe International Journal of Sciences and Technology
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/kijst.v3i1.8282

Abstract

Taenia solium, the pork tapeworm, remains a major zoonotic parasite of public health and economic significance in many low- and middle-income countries, including Nigeria. The infection causes taeniasis in humans and cysticercosis in pigs, with transmission sustained by poor sanitation, free-range pig rearing, and inadequate meat inspection. This study determined the prevalence and risk factors associated with T. solium infection among pigs and humans in Wukari Local Government Area (LGA), Taraba State, Nigeria. A cross-sectional study was conducted between January and June 2024. Stool samples from 402 human participants and carcasses from 390 pigs were examined using standard parasitological and post-mortem inspection techniques. Socio-demographic and behavioral data were obtained through structured questionnaires. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 26.0, and associations between infection and risk factors were evaluated using Chi-square (χ²) and logistic regression at a significance level of p < 0.05. The overall prevalence of T. solium infection was 4.8% (38/792). Infection was detected in 4.9% of pigs and 4.7% of humans (χ² = 0.0387, p < 0.05). The highest prevalence among pigs occurred in Puje Ward (6.41%), while Hospital and Rafin Kada Wards recorded the highest human infection rates (5.97%). Significant risk factors identified included home slaughtering (OR = 2.1, 95% CI: 1.1–4.0), poor sanitation (OR = 1.8, 95% CI: 1.0–3.2), sale of infected pork (OR = 1.9, 95% CI: 1.1–3.3), and low public awareness (OR = 2.3, 95% CI: 1.2–4.4). The study reveals continued endemicity of T. solium in Wukari, driven by modifiable socio-behavioral factors. Strengthened meat inspection, improved sanitation, public education, and adoption of One Health surveillance strategies are recommended to reduce transmission and support Nigeria’s NTD elimination goals by 2030.
Prevalence and Intensity of Human Schistosomiasis in Selected Communities of Ibi Local Government Area, Taraba State, Nigeria D, Rimamsomte; J, Agere H. I; M, Dawuda; K, Mijah A.; Jerry, J. T
African Journal of Clinical Medicine and Pharmacy Research Vol 3 No 1 (2026): African Journal of Clinical Medicine and Pharmacy Research
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/ajcmpr.v3i1.8283

Abstract

This study determined the prevalence and intensity of Schistosoma haematobium infection among residents of selected communities in Ibi Local Government Area (LGA), Taraba State, Nigeria. A total of 400 urine samples were randomly collected from residents aged 6 years and above, across five communities (Ibi, Rafin Soja, Gindin Waya, Ando Manu, and Nwukam). Urine sedimentation technique was employed for parasite detection, and infection intensity was expressed as mean egg count per 10 ml of urine. Data were analysed using SPSS version 26, and associations between variables were tested using Chi-square (χ²) at a 5% significance level. The overall prevalence of S. haematobium infection was 7.5%, with a mean egg intensity of 2.2 eggs/10 ml of urine, indicating a low level of endemicity. Gindin Waya recorded the highest prevalence (12.5%) and intensity (2.4 eggs/10 ml), while Ibi had the lowest (2.5%; 1.0 egg/10 ml). Infection was most common among the 16–25-year age group (9.1%) and males (9.0%), although differences by age (χ² = 2.157, p = 0.707) and sex (χ² = 1.489, p = 0.222) were not statistically significant. Farmers (8.3%) and fishermen (7.5%) had higher infection rates than other occupations (χ² = 3.295, p = 0.509). A significant association was observed between infection and water source (χ² = 7.935, p = 0.0475), with river and stream users showing higher prevalence. The persistence of urinary schistosomiasis, despite low infection intensity, indicates ongoing transmission within riverine communities. Continuous mass drug administration, improved access to safe water, snail vector control, and community health education are recommended to reduce transmission and achieve WHO’s 2030 schistosomiasis elimination target.
Demographic, Environmental and Clinical Correlates of Intestinal Parasitic Infections Among Patients Attending Primary Healthcare Centers in Demsa Local Government Area of Adamawa State K, Mijah A.; T, Jerry J.; A, Solomon; H, Abdulrasheed M.; J., Agere H. I.
African Journal of Medicine, Surgery and Public Health Research Vol 3 No 1 (2026): African Journal of Medicine, Surgery and Public Health Research
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/ajmsphr.v3i1.8021

Abstract

Intestinal parasitic infections (IPIs) remain a major public health problem in Nigeria, particularly in rural communities where sanitation and access to clean water are limited. This study investigated the prevalence and correlates of IPIs among patients attending primary healthcare centers (PHCCs) in Demsa Local Government Area (LGA), Adamawa State. A descriptive cross-sectional design was employed, and stool and blood samples were collected from 398 participants using systematic random sampling. Parasitological analysis was conducted using the formol-ether concentration technique, and data were analyzed with descriptive statistics and chi-square tests at a significance level of p < 0.05. The overall prevalence of IPIs was 37.4%, with Ascaris lumbricoides (14.9%) and hookworm (11.1%) being the most common parasites. Infection prevalence was significantly associated with age (p = 0.04), occupation (p = 0.02), open defecation (p = 0.001), living near stagnant water (p = 0.005), and lack of regular deworming (p < 0.001), with children aged 11–15 years and individuals using river water sources being particularly vulnerable. Attendance at health education programs was associated with lower infection rates (p = 0.006). The findings emphasize the persistence of IPIs in Demsa LGA, driven by poor sanitation, unsafe water use, and inadequate hygiene practices, and support the need for strengthened community health education, regular deworming, improved sanitation infrastructure, and safe water access to reduce the disease burden and enhance rural health outcomes.
Co-Authors A, Solomon D, Rimamsomte H, Abdulrasheed M. H. I J, Agere J, Agere H. I J. I, Ogbadu J., Agere H. I. Jerry, J. T M, Dawuda O, Benson T, Jerry J.