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All Journal International Journal of Artificial Intelligence for Digital Marketing International Journal of Business, Law and Political Science
Dakhyliy, Aysar Abduladheem
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Economics, Econometrics & Finance Environmental Science Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences

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THE IMPACT OF TRAINING AND INCENTIVES ON ORGANIZATIONAL CREATIVITY: AN APPLIED STUDY ON A SAMPLE OF PRIVATE IRAQI BANKS Radhi, Shaher Rekan; Dakhyliy, Aysar Abduladheem
International Journal of Artificial Intelligence for Digital Marketing Vol. 3 No. 4 (2026): International Journal of Artificial Intelligence for Digital Marketing
Publisher : PT ANTIS INTERNATIONAL PUBLISHER

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61796/ijaifd.v3i4.479

Abstract

Objective: The research paper examines organizational creativity and training and incentives in a sample of the Iraqi banks, which are privately owned. The study will evaluate the effectiveness of structured program of employee development and reward systems in enhancing creativity at the workplace. Method: The quantitative design was adopted with the help of the structured questionnaire that was sent to 248 employees of Al-Kindi Private Bank for Investment, Cihan Bank of Islamic Investment and Finance, and the Bank of Baghdad. The measure had three variables, namely training, incentives, and organizational creativity, which were measured on a five-point Likert scale. The SPSS 29 was used in conducting the statistical analysis, including reliability testing, correlation analysis, multiple regression and diagnostic tests.  Results: Findings indicated that training and incentives impact on organizational creativity in a significant and positive manner, albeit a little more so with training. The regression model defined 63.7 percent of the creativity variance and all diagnostic tests proved the validity of the model. The descriptive statistics showed that the employees had a high perception of the existing training and incentive practices. The research finds that innovation and flexibility can be improved by the private banks in Iraq through investment in specific training programs and equitable systems of incentives. Novelty: The results are of relevance to the literature as they present context-specific evidence in the Iraqi banking industry. The suggestions are to incorporate creativity-driven development in HR policies, use non-financial motivational instruments, and endorse a favorable organizational culture.
ALGORITHMIC BIAS IN DIGITAL ADVERTISING: ITS EFFECTS ON ETHICAL MARKETING PRACTICES Radhi , Shaher Rekan; Dakhyliy, Aysar Abduladheem
International Journal of Business, Law and Political Science Vol. 3 No. 4 (2026): International Journal of Business, Law and Political Science
Publisher : PT. Antis International Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61796/ijblps.v3i4.478

Abstract

Objective: This study examines the effect of algorithmic bias in digital advertising on ethical marketing practices in Iraqi organizations. The study focuses on three dimensions of algorithmic bias: demographic targeting bias, data-driven personalization bias, and algorithmic transparency and accountability deficiency. Ethical marketing practices were measured through fairness, transparency, privacy protection, accountability, non-discrimination, and respect for consumer rights. Method:The study adopted a quantitative approach based on a structured questionnaire distributed to a sample of 270 respondents working in advertising agencies, e-commerce companies, telecommunications firms, banking institutions, retail companies, technology companies, and related organizations in Iraq. The data were analyzed using reliability testing, KMO and Bartlett’s test, descriptive statistics, and generalized linear regression. Results: The results showed that the questionnaire had strong reliability, with Cronbach’s Alpha values ranging from 0.814 to 0.922, and strong construct validity, with an overall KMO value of 0.924. The descriptive results indicated high levels of awareness regarding algorithmic bias and ethical marketing practices. The regression results confirmed that the three dimensions of algorithmic bias had statistically significant effects on ethical marketing practices. Algorithmic transparency and accountability deficiency had the strongest effect, followed by data-driven personalization bias and demographic targeting bias. Novelty: The study concludes that ethical digital marketing requires systematic auditing of algorithms, stronger transparency, clear accountability mechanisms, responsible use of consumer data, and fair treatment of all consumer groups. .
Co-Authors Radhi , Shaher Rekan Radhi, Shaher Rekan