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All Journal CAUCHY: Jurnal Matematika Murni dan Aplikasi
Fuzzaroh, Fatimah
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Mathematics

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Risk Analysis of Shallot Farm Income Using D-vine Copula-Based Monte Carlo Simulation Fuzzaroh, Fatimah; Setiawaty, Berlian; Purnaba, I Gusti Putu
CAUCHY: Jurnal Matematika Murni dan Aplikasi Vol 11, No 1 (2026): CAUCHY: JURNAL MATEMATIKA MURNI DAN APLIKASI
Publisher : Mathematics Department, Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18860/cauchy.v11i1.41556

Abstract

Shallot farm income is highly uncertain due to fluctuations in yields, prices, and production costs, which are interdependent and significantly correlated. This study evaluates income risk by modeling the dependence structure among the variables that constitute income, while addressing data limitations. Two approaches are employed. First, a parametric approach models income as a univariate variable under the assumption of a normal distribution, ignoring dependence among its components. Second, a multivariate simulation approach utilizes a D-vine copula, combined with Monte Carlo simulation, to capture the dependence among income components and generate synthetic observations that better represent tail behavior. Risk is measured using Value-at-Risk (VaR) and Expected Shortfall (ES) based on 32 observations of average shallot farm income per harvest season over the period 2014–2024, and the results are compared with empirical estimates. Due to limited data, the empirical approach produces relatively coarse estimates, particularly in the tail region. The normal distribution approach yields higher and smoother estimates, indicating a higher level of risk. In contrast, the D-vine copula approach provides lower estimates than the normal distribution. These differences indicate that each method offers a distinct perspective on income risk.
Co-Authors Berlian Setiawaty I Gusti Putu Purnaba