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All Journal WITECH: Jurnal Teknologi Rekayasa Komputer dan Jaringan
Rahmaniar Rahmaniar
Makassar State University, Indonesia

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The Development of Distributed Systems in Supporting Scalability and Availability of Modern Cloud Computing-Based Digital Services: Perkembangan Sistem Terdistribusi dalam Mendukung Skalabilitas dan Ketersediaan Layanan Digital Modern Berbasis Cloud Computing Siti Aisyah Empo; Rahmaniar Rahmaniar
WITECH: Jurnal Teknologi Rekayasa Komputer dan Jaringan Vol. 2 No. 1 (2026): WITECH: Jurnal Teknologi Rekayasa Komputer dan Jaringan
Publisher : Program Studi Teknologi Rekayasa Komputer dan Jaringan, Politeknik Wahdah Islamiyah Makassar

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This study aims to examine the development of distributed systems in supporting the scalability and availability of modern digital services. The rapid growth of digital services across various sectors requires information systems that can handle increasing workloads while maintaining continuous service availability. Distributed systems have emerged as a key architectural approach to address these demands through workload distribution, efficient resource management, and system resilience. This research employs a qualitative method using a literature review approach. Data were collected from textbooks, indexed national and international journal articles, and scientific conference proceedings related to distributed systems, cloud computing, and microservices architecture. The collected literature was analyzed descriptively and comparatively to identify key concepts, architectural models, and research findings related to scalability and service availability. The results indicate that distributed systems have evolved significantly with the adoption of cloud computing and microservices architecture. These technologies support horizontal scalability, enhance system flexibility, and improve service availability through redundancy and data replication mechanisms. The study concludes that distributed systems play a crucial role as the foundation of modern digital services by enabling scalable, reliable, and sustainable digital infrastructures.
The Evolution of Distributed Systems: Architectural Developments, Technologies, and Modern Computing Challenges: Evolusi Sistem Terdistribusi: Perkembangan Arsitektur, Teknologi, dan Tantangan Komputasi Modern Geby Putri Maharani; Rahmaniar Rahmaniar
WITECH: Jurnal Teknologi Rekayasa Komputer dan Jaringan Vol. 2 No. 1 (2026): WITECH: Jurnal Teknologi Rekayasa Komputer dan Jaringan
Publisher : Program Studi Teknologi Rekayasa Komputer dan Jaringan, Politeknik Wahdah Islamiyah Makassar

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Abstract

This study examines the evolution of distributed systems by analyzing architectural changes, technological transitions, and emerging challenges in modern computing environments. The research applies a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach to ensure a structured and transparent review process. Literature was collected from two main academic databases, namely Scopus and Google Scholar, using keywords such as “distributed systems evolution”, “cloud computing architecture”, “service-oriented architecture”, “microservices”, and “cloud-native systems”. The initial search identified 50 relevant publications published between 2015 and 2025. After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria based on relevance, publication year, and scientific credibility, 25 articles were selected for further analysis. The selected studies were synthesized using thematic analysis to identify recurring themes, development phases, and major challenges in distributed systems. The findings reveal that distributed systems have evolved from client–server models to service-oriented architecture (SOA), followed by cloud computing and cloud-native microservices. This transformation is mainly driven by the increasing need for scalability, flexibility, fault tolerance, and real-time processing. However, the transition toward highly modular and decentralized systems also introduces new challenges, particularly in system complexity, security, data consistency, and operational management.
Co-Authors Geby Putri Maharani Siti Aisyah Empo