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Muhamad Noupel
Universitas Swadaya Gunung Jati
Humanities Computer Science & IT Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Social Sciences

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Substantive Legal Justice Regarding the Judge's Legal Considerations Towards Perpetrators of the Criminal Acts of Narcotics Distribution Gina Salsabila Putri; Sanusi; Muhamad Noupel
Journal of Social Research Vol. 5 No. 6 (2026): Journal of Social Research
Publisher : International Journal Labs

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55324/josr.v5i6.3175

Abstract

Narcotics crimes are complex crimes that raise issues in determining criminal liability, particularly for intermediaries. This study aims to analyze the judge's legal considerations in Decisions Number 79/Pid.Sus/2025/PN Cbn and Decision Number 761/Pid.Sus/2025/PN Bdg and examine the forms of criminal liability for narcotics distributors. The research method used was normative legal research with a statutory, conceptual, and case approach. The data used are primary and secondary legal materials analyzed qualitatively. The results show that the judge's considerations are not only based on the fulfillment of the elements of the offense, but also on the defendant's role in the network, the level of culpability, and the subjective condition of the perpetrator. In the Cirebon District Court Decision, the defendant is considered an active perpetrator and therefore is given a stricter sentence, while in the Bandung District Court Decision, the defendant is considered a subordinate intermediary and therefore is given a relatively lighter sentence despite greater evidence. Criminal liability in narcotics cases requires the fulfillment of the elements of the criminal act, the ability to be responsible, and fault. This study also found sentencing disparities due to differences in judges' assessments of the perpetrator's role.
Criminal Liability For Those Who Enter Into Contract Marriages With Minors In Indramayu Regency Harits Tirta Rofif; Sanusi; Muhamad Noupel
Journal of Social Research Vol. 5 No. 6 (2026): Journal of Social Research
Publisher : International Journal Labs

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55324/josr.v5i6.3176

Abstract

The practice of contract marriage (mut'ah marriage) involving minors is a socio-legal phenomenon that persists in Indramayu Regency and raises serious problems from a criminal law perspective. This study aims to analyze the factors hindering law enforcement and examine the forms of legal accountability for perpetrators. The method used is normative legal research with a statutory, conceptual, and case-based approach. The results indicate that obstacles to law enforcement are influenced by permissive socio-cultural factors, community economic conditions, low legal awareness, and the practice being conducted behind closed doors and involving family members or intermediaries. Legally, contract marriage lacks legal legitimacy and, if it involves children, is classified as a criminal act of sexual exploitation, punishable by the Child Protection Law, the TPKS Law, and the provisions of the Criminal Code. The perpetrator's criminal liability is based on intent and cannot be waived by reason of the child's consent. Furthermore, participating parties can be held accountable based on the concept of participation. Therefore, firm law enforcement and a preventative approach are needed to provide maximum protection for child victims
Co-Authors Gina Salsabila Putri Harits Tirta Rofif Sanusi