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All Journal Jurnal Biologi Tropis
Gde Cahyadi Wirajagad
Universitas Mataram
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology

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Butterfly Community Structure in Ulem-ulem Forest, Southern Area of Mount Rinjani National Park Baiq Nike Syakila; M. Liwa Ilhamdi; Gde Cahyadi Wirajagad
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 1 (2026): Januari-Maret
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i1.11283

Abstract

The southern area of Mount Rinjani National Park (TNGR), serves a dual purpose as a tourist destination and a conservation zone under the management of the TNGR Office. Data and information on wildlife diversity, particularly butterflies, in this location are crucial for supporting the development of ecotourism. This study aims to analyze the butterfly community structure in Ulem-Ulem Forest. The research was conducted in July 2025 using a survey method with a sweeping net technique along three observation transects: a water stream transect, a mid-forest transect, and a forest edge transect adjacent to residential areas. The collected data were analyzed using the Shannon-Wiener diversity index, Simpson dominance index, and Pielou evenness index. The results identified 550 individual butterflies, classified into 28 species, 23 genera, and 4 families (Papilionidae, Nymphalidae, Pieridae, and Lycaenidae). The species diversity index (H') value was 3.15, the dominance index (D) value was 0.051, and the evenness index (E) value was 0.94. These results indicate that the butterfly community in the southern area of Mount Rinjani National Park (TNGR), no dominant species, and high evenness.
The Relationship Between Diversity and Abundance of Food Plants and the Diversity and Abundance of Butterflies in Kerandangan Nature Tourism Park Baiq Giri Larasati Putri; I Putu Artayasa; Gde Cahyadi Wirajagad
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 2 (2026): April - Juni
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i2.12042

Abstract

Butterflies are important bioindicators and pollinators whose presence is strongly associated with the availability of food plants and habitat conditions. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between food plant diversity and butterfly diversity in Taman Wisata Alam Kerandangan, West Lombok. The research was conducted in three observation blocks, namely utilization, protection, and rehabilitation, using a survey method along transects. Data were collected on the diversity and abundance of food plants and butterflies, and analyzed using the Shannon-Wiener diversity index and Pearson Product Moment correlation. The results showed that food plants consisted of 1,298 individuals belonging to 27 species and 16 families, with an H’ value of 2.591; the dominant family was Rubiaceae, and the most abundant species was Clerodendrum paniculatum. Butterflies were recorded at 687 individuals, comprising 35 species and 3 families, with an H’ value of 3.183; the dominant family was Nymphalidae, and the most abundant species was Catopsilia pamona. The correlation analysis showed a very weak but positive relationship between food plant diversity and butterfly diversity (r = 0.028), while the relationship between food plant abundance and butterfly abundance was positive and very strong (r = 0.972). These findings indicate that butterfly occurrence in the study area is more strongly influenced by food plant abundance than by food plant diversity.
The Effects of Red Onion Peel Liquid Organic Fertilizer and NPK Fertilizer on Chlorophyll Content and Vegetative Growth of Kangkung Darat (Iphomoea reptans Poir) Raudatul Jannah; Ahmad Raksun; Gde Cahyadi Wirajagad
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 3 (2026): Juli - September
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i3.12663

Abstract

This study aimed to determine the effect of red onion peel Liquid Organic Fertilizer, NPK fertilizer, and their interaction on the chlorophyll content and vegetative growth of Kangkung Darat. The research used a completely randomized design factorial with two factors: Liquid Organic Fertilizer dosage (0, 10, 20, 30 ml) and NPK dosage (0, 0.5, 1, 1.5 g). Four nitrogen rates (25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% of the recommended dose) and two phosphorus rates (50% and 100% of the recommended dose), each replicated three times, were used in the factorial Randomized Complete Block Design experiment, which was carried out in Rembige Village, Mataram City, between February and April of 2026. Analysis of variance and the Honestly Significant Difference test at the 5% significance level were used to evaluate the data. At 42 and 49 days following planting, nitrogen had a substantial impact on both the number of bulbs per clump and plant height. While the interplay between nitrogen and phosphorus had a substantial impact on leaf chlorophyll content, phosphorus had a considerable impact on bulb number, bulb diameter, and fresh bulb weight. This study concludes that the application of red onion peel Liquid Organic Fertilizer can complement or optimize the efficiency of NPK fertilizer, reducing environmental reliance on chemical inputs.
Co-Authors Ahmad Raksun Baiq Giri Larasati Putri Baiq Nike Syakila M. Liwa Ilhamdi Ni Luh Putu Pebri Artayani . Raudatul Jannah