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All Journal Al Qodiri: Jurnal Pendidikan, Sosial dan Keagamaan
Ilman Khairi
Universitas Djuanda, Indonesia

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Legal Protection of Waqf Land Status Against Civil Acts of Individual Nazhir in Lease and Loan Agreements Nova Monaya; Radif Khotamir Rusli; Ilman Khairi
Al Qodiri : Jurnal Pendidikan, Sosial dan Keagamaan Vol. 24 No. 1 (2026): Al Qodiri: Jurnal Pendidikan, Sosial dan Keagamaan
Publisher : Universitas Islam KH. Achmad Muzakki Syah Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53515/alqodiri.v24i1.113

Abstract

This article examines the legal protection mechanisms governing the status of waqf land when individual nazhir (trustees) enter into lease (ijarah) and loan-for-use (ariyah) agreements. Although Indonesian Law No. 41 of 2004 on Waqf expressly prohibits the transfer of waqf property rights, the practice of leasing and lending waqf land gives rise to significant legal ambiguities regarding the transfer of management and usufruct rights. This research employs a normative legal methodology using qualitative analysis of statutory regulations, Islamic jurisprudence, and comparative legal frameworks. The findings reveal a complex legal dichotomy: while ownership of waqf land remains perpetual and legally unchanged, the transfer of management and usage rights to lessees and borrowers may constitute a form of rights alienation that potentially conflicts with national regulations concerning waqf protection. Nevertheless, classical Islamic jurisprudence demonstrates greater flexibility by permitting such arrangements, provided that the resulting benefits are directed toward public welfare (maslahah) rather than private interests. This study proposes a comprehensive legal framework that harmonises Indonesian positive law with Islamic legal principles through the establishment of clear standards for nazhir accountability, transparent documentation procedures, and robust oversight mechanisms. By bridging the gap between rigid statutory restrictions and the practical flexibility recognised in Islamic jurisprudence, the proposed framework seeks to ensure that lease and loan agreements function as effective instruments for optimising underutilised waqf assets while fully preserving their perpetual status and original philanthropic purpose.
Reconstructing Legal Rights over MSME Business Premises on State and Waqf Land: A Comparative Legal Study Ilman Khairi; Nova Monaya; Sudiman Sihotang
Al Qodiri : Jurnal Pendidikan, Sosial dan Keagamaan Vol. 24 No. 1 (2026): Al Qodiri: Jurnal Pendidikan, Sosial dan Keagamaan
Publisher : Universitas Islam KH. Achmad Muzakki Syah Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53515/alqodiri.v24i1.115

Abstract

This article reconstructs the legal framework governing proprietary rights over Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprise (MSME) business premises situated on state, regional, and waqf land in Indonesia. The study departs from the persistent legal uncertainty surrounding kiosks and stalls in government-owned traditional markets, particularly the weak proprietary status of SIPTU/SHPTU instruments. In response, the article develops a normative-comparative model of SKBG Tempat Usaha UMKM as a legal mechanism for strengthening the protection of MSME business premises. The proposed model extends the concept of building ownership certificates under the Indonesian Flats Law, particularly the provisions relating to state, regional, and waqf land, from residential units to MSME business premises. Using statutory, conceptual, and comparative legal approaches, this article examines Article 60 of Government Regulation No. 7 of 2021, Article 53A of Law No. 11 of 2020, Government Regulation No. 17 of 2021, and relevant provisions of the Flats Law. Comparative reflections on Pakistan and Turkey further strengthen the argument that public assets and waqf property can be institutionally transformed into inclusive economic infrastructure. The study finds that legal certainty for MSME business premises requires the implementation of the horizontal separation principle between land and buildings, transparent public registration, enforceable proprietary rights, and broader access to financing through fiduciary security or equivalent legal instruments. The novelty of this article lies in its proposal for the doctrinal and institutional expansion of SKBG from a housing-oriented instrument into a legal framework applicable to MSME-oriented development on public and waqf land. This reconstruction is expected to strengthen legal certainty, improve access to financing, and support inclusive and sustainable economic development for MSMEs in Indonesia.
Co-Authors Nova Monaya Radif Khotamir Rusli Sudiman Sihotang