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Novitaria Br Sembiring
PUI Phyto Degenerative & Lifestyle Medicine, Universitas Prima Indonesia. Medan, Indonesia.
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Immunology & microbiology Materials Science & Nanotechnology Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health

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Formulasi Dan Uji Aktivitas Gel Fraksi Aktif Biji Kopi Robusta (Coffea Canephora L.) terhadap Stapylococcus aureus sebagai Terapi Ulkus Diabetik Putri Diana Br Tarigan; Novitaria Br Sembiring; Muhammad Yunus
Journal of Pharmaceutical and Sciences JPS Volume 9 Nomor 1 (2026)
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Tjut Nyak Dhien

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36490/journal-jps.com.v9i1.1334

Abstract

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is one of the health problems that deserves attention worldwide. Diabetes mellitus causes complications in various organs of the body. One of the complications of diabetes mellitus for sufferers is the appearance of diabetic wounds or gangrene and ulcers that cause susceptibility to bacterial infections. One of the bacteria that causes diabetic wounds is Staphylococcus aureus, which can be found on the skin surface as normal flora. Objective: This study aims to formulate the active fraction of robusta coffee beans (Coffea Canephora L.) into a gel preparation and evaluate its antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus. Methods: This experimental study involved the extraction of robusta coffee beans with 96% ethanol maceration, phytochemical screening, and fractionation using n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and water solvents. Furthermore, the fraction results were tested using the disk diffusion method to determine the active fraction in robusta coffee beans to be formulated into gel preparations with concentrations of 12.5%, 25%, and 50% and physical stability tests were conducted. Based on the results of the study, the water fraction and gel preparation of robusta coffee beans showed inhibition of antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, with the greatest inhibition at a concentration of 50%. Therefore, the active fraction gel of robusta coffee beans has the potential as a treatment for diabetic wounds. Organoleptic testing of the gel showed a distinctive honey smell, brown color, and a slightly acidic pH of formula 1.
Uji Total Flavonoid Dan Aktivitas Antioksidan Fraksi Aktif Biji Kopi Robusta (Coffea canephora L. ) Sebagai Diabetik Ulcer Elpina Br Perangin-Angin; Novitaria Br Sembiring; Vera Estefania Kaban
Journal of Pharmaceutical and Sciences JPS Volume 9 Nomor 1 (2026)
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Tjut Nyak Dhien

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36490/journal-jps.com.v9i1.1342

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disease frequently accompanied by serious complications, including diabetic foot ulcers, which require comprehensive management and supportive therapies derived from natural sources. Robusta coffee beans (Coffea canephora L.) contain various bioactive compounds with potential antioxidant properties that may support wound healing. This study aimed to determine the total flavonoid content and evaluate the antioxidant activity of active fractions of robusta coffee beans. An experimental laboratory design was applied, involving maceration using 96% ethanol followed by solvent fractionation with n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and water. Total flavonoid content was determined using ultraviolet–visible spectrophotometry with quercetin as the reference standard, while antioxidant activity was evaluated using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl assay with vitamin C as a comparator. The results showed an extraction yield of 14.33%, and phytochemical screening confirmed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolic or tannin compounds, saponins, and triterpenoids. All fractions exhibited very strong antioxidant activity, with the ethyl acetate fraction demonstrating the highest activity, comparable to vitamin C, whereas the highest total flavonoid content was observed in the n-hexane fraction. In conclusion, robusta coffee beans possess strong potential as a natural antioxidant source and may be developed as a supportive alternative therapy for diabetic wound management.
Co-Authors Elpina Br Perangin-Angin Muhammad Yunus Putri Diana Br Tarigan Vera Estefania Kaban