Rohati Fataruba
Institute of Technology Science and Health RS dr. Soepraoen Kesdam V/ Brawijaya

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Maternal Education and Behavioral Factors as Determinants of Immunization Completeness: A Cross-Sectional Study Rohati Fataruba; Yuni Asri; Ananda Sagita Maharani
Buletin Ilmu Kebidanan dan Keperawatan Vol. 5 No. 02 (2026): Article In Press - Buletin Ilmu Kebidanan dan Keperawatan
Publisher : The Indonesian Institute of Science and Technology Research

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56741/bikk.v5i02.2129

Abstract

Childhood immunization remains a fundamental public health intervention to prevent vaccine-preventable diseases and reduce child morbidity and mortality. Maternal characteristics, particularly educational attainment and behavioral factors, are considered important determinants of immunization uptake. This study aimed to analyze the association between maternal education, knowledge, and attitudes and childhood immunization completeness. A cross-sectional design was employed using secondary data from 362 mother–child pairs registered at a primary health care center in Indonesia in 2025. Immunization status was classified as complete or incomplete according to the national immunization schedule. Independent variables included maternal education, knowledge, attitude, age, employment status, parity, and the child’s sex. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 26. Descriptive statistics were presented as frequencies and percentages, while associations were examined using Chi-square or Fisher’s exact tests with a significance level of p<0.05. Overall, 58.6% of children had complete immunization. Maternal education (p<0.001), knowledge (p=0.003), and attitude (p=0.003) were significantly associated with immunization completeness. Strengthening maternal health education may enhance vaccination coverage in primary care settings.