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All Journal Nizham Journal of Islamic Studies SYARIAH
Muhamad Saefullah
Universitas Islam Negeri Jurai Siwo Lampung
Religion Humanities Education Environmental Science Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences Other

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The Flexibility of Islamic Jurisprudence in Zakat al-Fitr: A Comparative Study of the Four Madhhabs on the Payment of Zakat al-Fitr with Money Muhamad Saefullah
Nizham Jurnal Studi Keislaman Vol 14 No 01 (2026): Nizham: Jurnal Studi Keislaman
Publisher : Pascasarjana IAIN Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32332/2c5mnh95

Abstract

The transformation of zakat al-Fitr payment practices from staple food to cash has become an increasingly prominent phenomenon, particularly in Indonesia, and has sparked significant debate regarding its legal validity. This study aims to examine the legal rulings and methods of deriving evidence (istidlāl) concerning zakat al-Fitr from the perspective of the four madhhabs. Employing a normative-comparative approach based on library research, the Qur’an, Hadith, and classical Islamic texts (Kutub al-Turāṡ) are analyzed within the framework of uṣūl al-fiqh. The findings reveal that the Shāfiʿī madhhab along with the Mālikī and Ḥanbalī schools rejects the payment of zakat al-Fitr in cash, as it is considered a taʿabbudī act of worship that must adhere to the form of staple food as prescribed in the Hadith. In contrast, the Ḥanafī madhhab permits it by emphasizing considerations of public benefit (maṣlaḥah) and the equivalence of economic value between food and money. These findings underscore that differences in ijtihād not only reflect methodological diversity but also demonstrate the flexibility of Islamic law in responding to social dynamics contextually.
Ijtihad Kontemporer: Telaah Kritis atas Relasi Teks dan Realitas Muhamad Saefullah
Syariah: Journal of Fiqh Studies Vol 4 No 1 (2026): Syariah: Journal of Fiqh Studies
Publisher : Bidang Penelitian Dan Penulisan Karya Ilmiah (bp2ki) Ma'had Aly Lirboyo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61570/syariah.v4i1.281

Abstract

The advancement of age, marked by significant transformations in social structures, cultural patterns, and modes of life, has generated new challenges for Islamic law, particularly in addressing contemporary issues that are not explicitly accommodated within the corpus of classical fiqh. This article aims to analyze the urgency of contemporary ijtihād as a methodological instrument for formulating Islamic legal responses that are comprehensive, contextual, and responsive to the dynamics of the age. Employing a normative-critical library research approach, the study argues that ijtihād cannot be undertaken in a partial or fragmented manner; rather, it must be integrative, grounded in a constructive synergy between the classical principles of uṣūl al-fiqh and contemporary scientific approaches, including the model of istiṣlāḥ. Interdisciplinary collaboration and the active engagement of scholars from diverse fields of expertise are essential prerequisites for producing legal formulations that are not only textually valid but also socially responsive. The findings suggest that an integrative model of contemporary ijtihād holds significant potential to generate an applicable and solution-oriented fiqh while simultaneously advancing public welfare in harmony with the objectives of the sharīʿah. Accordingly, methodological renewal in ijtihād constitutes a strategic step toward actualizing Islamic normative ideals within the context of contemporary society.
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