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All Journal GEN BIONIX: Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Biologi
Yan Piter Basman Ziraluo
Department of Biology Education, Universitas Nias Raya, Indonesia
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Humanities Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Education Environmental Science Other

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Optimization of KNO3 Concentration in Breaking Dormancy and Enhancing Seed Vigor of Hevea brasiliensis Yan Piter Basman Ziraluo
GEN BIONIX: Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Biologi Vol 4 No 1 (2026): GEN BIONIX: Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Biologi
Publisher : Program Studi Pendidikan Biologi - Universitas Nias

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56207/genbionix.v4i1.850

Abstract

Seed dormancy remains one of the major constraints affecting the propagation and seedling availability of Hevea brasiliensis in rubber cultivation systems. Low germination percentage and poor seed vigor often reduce seedling quality and hinder plantation productivity. This study aimed to determine the optimal concentration of Potassium Nitrate (KNO3) in breaking seed dormancy and enhancing seed vigor of Hevea brasiliensis. The study was conducted using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of five treatments, namely 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40% KNO3 concentrations with four replications. Rubber seeds were soaked in KNO3 solutions for 72 hours and observed for 60 days. Parameters measured included germination percentage, germination rate, plumule length, and root length. Data were analyzed using One-Way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) followed by Least Significant Difference (LSD) and Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at a 5% significance level. The results showed that KNO3 treatment significantly affected dormancy breaking and seed vigor enhancement. The 40% KNO3 treatment produced the highest germination percentage, fastest germination rate, and best seedling growth performance compared to other treatments. These findings indicated that KNO3 application effectively stimulated germination activity and improved the physiological quality of rubber seeds.
Effect of Moringa Leaf Extract Application on the Growth of Red Chili Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) Yan Piter Basman Ziraluo
GEN BIONIX: Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Biologi Vol 4 No 2 (2026): GEN BIONIX: Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Biologi
Publisher : Program Studi Pendidikan Biologi - Universitas Nias

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56207/genbionix.v4i2.862

Abstract

The productivity of red chili pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) continues to face various challenges, particularly due to declining soil fertility and the high dependence on inorganic fertilizers, which may have adverse environmental impacts. One promising alternative is the use of moringa leaf extract (Moringa oleifera Lam.) as a natural biostimulant rich in nutrients and growth-promoting compounds. This study aimed to analyze the effect of moringa leaf extract application on the growth of red chili pepper plants based on plant height, number of leaves, and stem diameter. The research employed a true experimental design using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of seven treatments: P0 (0 mL), P1 (10 mL), P2 (20 mL), P3 (30 mL), P4 (40 mL), P5 (50 mL), and P6 (60 mL), each replicated five times. Data were analyzed using normality and homogeneity tests, One-Way ANOVA, and the Least Significant Difference (LSD) post hoc test at a 5% significance level. The results indicated that all data were normally distributed and homogeneous. ANOVA analysis revealed that moringa leaf extract application had a significant effect on plant height (p = 0.046), number of leaves (p = 0.044), and stem diameter (p = 0.037). The P6 treatment (60 mL) produced the best growth performance, with an average plant height of 13.20 cm, 10.40 leaves, and a stem diameter of 0.72 cm. These findings suggest that moringa leaf extract has considerable potential as a natural organic fertilizer alternative to enhance the vegetative growth of red chili pepper plants in a sustainable manner.
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