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All Journal Joal : Journal of Applied Linguistics Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan dan Sosial
Daniel Binsah Lumban Gaol
University of HKBP Nommensen Pematangsiantar, Indonesia
Religion Humanities Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Environmental Science Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Mathematics Nursing Public Health Social Sciences Other

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Deictic Expressions in the Youth Pledge Day Speech Text Delivered by a School Principal Daniel Binsah Lumban Gaol; Selviana Napitupulu
Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan dan Sosial Vol. 4 No. 4 (2026): Januari
Publisher : CV Putra Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58540/jipsi.v4i4.1292

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji penggunaan ekspresi deiksis dalam teks pidato Hari Sumpah Pemuda yang disampaikan oleh kepala sekolah dalam konteks seremoni akademik. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan desain deskriptif. Sumber data penelitian adalah teks pidato resmi peringatan Hari Sumpah Pemuda ke-97 tahun 2025 yang dikeluarkan oleh Kementerian Pemuda dan Olahraga Republik Indonesia dan dibacakan pada upacara di lingkungan sekolah. Data dikumpulkan melalui teknik dokumentasi dengan mengidentifikasi kalimat dan klausa yang mengandung ekspresi deiksis. Analisis data dilakukan berdasarkan kerangka pragmatik untuk mengklasifikasikan dan menjelaskan fungsi deiksis yang digunakan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat tiga jenis deiksis yang dominan, yaitu deiksis persona, deiksis temporal, dan deiksis spasial. Deiksis persona berfungsi membangun solidaritas dan identitas kolektif antara penutur dan audiens, deiksis temporal menghubungkan peristiwa masa lalu, kondisi masa kini, dan harapan masa depan, sedangkan deiksis spasial membangun ruang kebangsaan secara literal dan simbolik. Simpulan penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa deiksis tidak hanya berfungsi sebagai unsur kebahasaan, tetapi juga sebagai strategi pragmatik dalam menyampaikan nilai-nilai nasional dalam pidato seremoni di konteks pendidikan.
Communicative Functions of Umpasa in Toba Batak Traditional Ceremonies : Communicative Functions of Umpasa in Toba Batak Traditional Ceremonies Daniel Binsah Lumban Gaol; Selviana Napitupulu; Bernieke Anggita Ristia Damanik
Journal of Applied Linguistics Vol. 6 No. 1 (2026): July 2026
Publisher : English Lecturers and Teachers Association (ELTA)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52622/joal.v6i1.707

Abstract

Umpasa is a fundamental oral tradition in Toba Batak culture, functioning as a medium for conveying blessings and spiritual messages. However, the functional shift between different ritual contexts, such as joyful weddings and solemn funerals, remains under-documented. This study aims to identify the types of communicative functions, determine their shifting dominance, and describe their linguistic realizations within Ulaon Unjuk and Ulaon Saur Matua. This research employs a qualitative descriptive method. The data consists of 20 selected umpasa utterances, analyzed using Roman Jakobson’s theory of communicative functions. The results reveal that only four of Jakobson’s six functions are present: poetic, conative, referential, and emotive. Phatic and metalingual functions are entirely absent, suggesting that umpasa is a fixed ritual text. Furthermore, function dominance is context-dependent. In Ulaon Unjuk, the poetic function is superior, as it prioritizes the aesthetic delivery of blessings and ancestral values through rhythmic metaphors. Conversely, in Ulaon Saur Matua, the conative function dominates, emphasizing the delivery of spiritual guidance, instructions, and social expectations for the bereaved family. These functions are realized through specific markers, such as nature-based metaphors and parallelism for the poetic function, and the optative particle "Sai" and address form "Hamu" for the conative function. In conclusion, umpasa serves as a sophisticated cultural vehicle that strategically adjusts its functional priority to reinforce cultural identity during major life transitions. Keywords : Communicative Functions; Pragmatics; Toba Batak Ethnics; Traditional Ceremonies; Umpasa
Co-Authors Bernieke Anggita Ristia Damanik Selviana Napitupulu