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All Journal Kinetik: Game Technology, Information System, Computer Network, Computing, Electronics, and Control
Carissa Devina Usman
Universitas Dian Nuswantoro
Computer Science & IT Control & Systems Engineering Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy Engineering

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Regularization Techniques to Improving the Stability and Accuracy of the MLC Algorithm Usman Sudibyo; Noor Ageng Setyanto; Ahmad Wahid Kurniawan; Carissa Devina Usman
Kinetik: Game Technology, Information System, Computer Network, Computing, Electronics, and Control Vol. 11, No. 3, August 2026
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22219/kinetik.v11i3.2583

Abstract

Maximum Likelihood Classification (MLC) is a classification algorithm that has important applications in the fields of image processing and remote sensing. No use of MLC was found in other fields. MLC assumes that data come from a certain probability distribution (for example, a normal distribution), which may be too simple to describe complex data or data with a non-normal distribution. This can lead to poor performance in situations where distribution assumptions are not met. That is why, in the existing literature, there is no use of MLC for classification problems other than remote sensing. We propose a regularization technique to reduce distribution assumption errors in MLC called Regularized Maximum Likelihood Classification (RMLC). Regularization techniques are integrated into the covariance matrix, where regularization can make the data variance larger or smaller than the actual variance. This technique can also overcome singularities in the covariance matrix, non-Gaussian data, and data containing outliers. Experimental results on 13 public datasets show a significant increase in accuracy performance. The average accuracy increase reaches more than 11%, from 0.802 to 0.919, highlighting its potential for broader applicability and enhanced performance.
Co-Authors Ahmad Wahid Kurniawan Noor Ageng Setyanto Usman Sudibyo