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All Journal Advances in Community Services Research
Burhan Niode
Program Pascasarjana, Universitas Sam Ratulangi, Manado, Indonesia
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Evaluating gold mining in Ranowulu between CSR benefits and social vulnerability Meijina Exreana Karundeng; Michael Mamentu; Burhan Niode
Advances in Community Services Research Vol. 4 No. 2 (2026): March - August
Publisher : Yayasan Pendidikan Bukhari Dwi Muslim

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.60079/acsr.v4i2.868

Abstract

Abstract Purpose: This study evaluates the social impacts of PT. Tambang Tondano Nusajaya gold mining activities on communities in Ranowulu District, Bitung City, North Sulawesi. Research Method: An exploratory descriptive qualitative design was applied through semi-structured interviews, field observation, and documentation involving one corporate representative and four ring-1 residents. Results and Discussion: Mining generates local employment, skills training, micro-enterprise opportunities, educational support, and infrastructure assistance. However, residents also report land conversion, dust, blasting vibration, cracked houses, health concerns, passive participation, and dependence on company-driven economic circulation. Implications: The study recommends participatory social impact assessment, independent monitoring by DLH Kota Bitung and Dinas PUPR Kota Bitung, transparent grievance mechanisms, and livelihood diversification beyond mining. Originality: This article integrates outcome evaluation, process evaluation, CSR fit, social license to operate, and social impact assessment to show that mining legitimacy depends on balancing benefits, operational-risk mitigation, and meaningful participation.
Co-Authors Meijina Exreana Karundeng Michael Mamentu