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All Journal Jurnal Kajian Hukum Dan Kebijakan Publik Sultan Adam : Jurnal Hukum dan Sosial
Mesya Assauma Nurfitrah
Fakultas Hukum, Universitas Sriwijaya
Education Environmental Science Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences

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OPTIMALISASI PERAN AKTIF HAKIM DALAM PERSIDANGAN PERDATA UNTUK MENJAMIN EFEKTIVITAS PROSES BERACARA Muhammad Naufal; M. Satria Jaya; M. Daffa Garizah Matalino; Mesya Assauma Nurfitrah
SULTAN ADAM: Jurnal Hukum dan Sosial Vol 4 No 1 (2026): Januari-Juni 2026
Publisher : Yayasan Pendidikan Tanggui Baimbaian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.71456/sultan.v4i1.1757

Abstract

Perkembangan praktik dinamika hukum dan kompleks perkara perdata yang ada di indonesia menuntut adanya pergeseran paradigma dari hakim yang semata-mata pasif diharapkan dapat menuju hakim yang aktif dalam mengendalikan alur jalannya persidangan. meskipun hukum acara perdata di indonesia mengikuti prinsip hakim yang pasif, berbagai ketentuan peraturan perundang-undangan memberikan ruang bagi hakim untuk dapat berperan aktif guna dapat menjamin terwujudnya asas peradilan yang sederhana, cepat, dan biaya ringan. Penelitian ini ditulis dengan tujuan untuk menganalisis dasar-dasar normatif dan yuridis, urgensi, batasan, dan strategi optimalisasi peran aktif hakim dalam persidangan perdata dalam kalitannya dengan prinsip imparsialitas dan keseimbanga kedudukan para pihak dalam berperkara. Metode penilitian yang digunakan adalah dengan penelitian normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan yang konseptual. Hasil penelitian akan menunjukan bahwa optimalisasi peran aktif hakim sangat diperlukan dalam aspek mediasi, klarifikasi gugatan, pengendalian pembuktian, dan manajemen perkara berbasis teknologi tanpa adanya pengurangan prinsip imparsialitas hal ini juga menunjukan bahwa peran aktif hakim dibenarkan sepanjang berada dalam ranah pengenadalian proses dan tidak memasuki wilayah substansi sangketa yang menajdi wilayah para pihak. Optimasi tersebut akan menjadi instrumen penting dalam menjaminnya efektivitas proses beracara sekaligus dapat mewujudkan keadilan substantif. Dengan keseimbangan yang tepat peran aktif hakim dapat menjadi instrumen paling strategis dalam mewujudkan peradilan perdata yang efektif, modern, dan berkeadilan yang substantif.
Implikasi Yuridis Penyelesaian Sengketa Wanprestasi melalui Mekanisme Non-Litigasi terhadap Kepastian Hukum dan Kekuatan Eksekutorial di Indonesia Chalisa Raniah Idrus; Alifah Kahillah Almaira; Najwa Sabrina; Mesya Assauma Nurfitrah
Jurnal Kajian Hukum Dan Kebijakan Publik | E-ISSN : 3031-8882 Vol. 3 No. 4 (2026): Januari-Februari
Publisher : CV. ITTC INDONESIA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62379/b8yc1v04

Abstract

Resolving default disputes through non-litigation mechanisms is gaining popularity in Indonesia due to its time and cost efficiency compared to litigation. However, its implementation still faces challenges related to legal certainty and the enforceability of decisions. This study examines two main issues: first, the legal implications of resolving default claims through non-litigation mechanisms for the legal protection of the parties; and second, the enforceability of arbitration decisions in the Indonesian civil procedural law system. The research method used is normative juridical with a statutory and conceptual approach. Primary legal materials include the Civil Code and Law Number 30 of 1999 concerning Arbitration and Alternative Dispute Resolution, while secondary legal materials come from legal literature and scholarly journals. The results show that resolving default disputes through arbitration provides legal protection by strengthening the principles of freedom of contract and due process of law, but still leaves behind the problem of high costs and limited corrective legal remedies. Arbitration awards have the same enforceable power as court decisions after being registered with the district court and issued by the chief justice. However, the effectiveness of enforcement remains hampered by broad interpretations of the concept of public order and resistance from the losing party. This study concludes that although arbitration awards are recognized as having enforceable power, their successful implementation depends heavily on the harmony between arbitration institutions and general courts, as well as the good faith of the parties.
Analisis Pertimbangan Hakim dalam Membedakan Gugatan Wanprestasi dan Perbuatan Melawan Hukum untuk Mewujudkan Kepastian Hukum Perdata Mesya Assauma Nurfitrah; Poppy Felicia Butarbutar; Msy. Hamda Rifa Al Zulaikha; Dian Aprilia
Jurnal Kajian Hukum Dan Kebijakan Publik | E-ISSN : 3031-8882 Vol. 3 No. 4 (2026): Januari-Februari
Publisher : CV. ITTC INDONESIA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62379/0513pj29

Abstract

Legal certainty in civil disputes depends heavily on the accuracy of determining the legal basis of a claim. In practice, however, the conflation of breach of contract (wanprestasi) and unlawful act (onrechtmatige daad) claims remains a recurring problem in Indonesian civil courts. Despite sharing surface similarities, these two causes of action are fundamentally distinct in terms of their legal concept, statutory basis, and juridical consequences. Misclassification of either claim directly affects the burden of proof, the construction of the petitum, the form of compensation sought, and the legal standing of the parties involved. This article seeks to analyze how judges differentiate between these two types of claims based on court decisions, while also mapping the patterns of judicial reasoning and their implications in achieving legal certainty in civil law. This article employs a normative juridical method with a descriptive-analytical approach, examining relevant provisions of the Indonesian Civil Code (Burgerlijk Wetboek) and pertinent jurisprudence as the primary legal materials. The findings of this study are expected to contribute to the development of civil procedural law in Indonesia and serve as a reference for legal practitioners in accurately constructing civil claims, thereby avoiding misclassification that may prejudice their clients' legal interests in court proceedings.
Co-Authors Alifah Kahillah Almaira Chalisa Raniah Idrus Dian Aprilia M. Daffa Garizah Matalino M. Satria Jaya Msy. Hamda Rifa Al Zulaikha Muhammad Naufal Najwa Sabrina Poppy Felicia Butarbutar