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All Journal International Journal of Health and Pharmaceutical (IJHP) International Journal of Science and Environment
Jendri Mamangkey
Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Makassar, Makassar 90224, South Sulawesi, Indonesia
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Mathematics Nursing Physics Public Health

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Cyanide-Degrading Indigenous Aspergillus Spp. Isolated From Kabuto, A Southeast Sulawesi Fermented Food Jendri Mamangkey; Nur Arfa Yanti; La Ode Adi Parman Rudia; La Ode Muhamad Iman Sulaiman; Christina Aryanti Pada Soa; Christyani Dian Winarty Budadana; Adrian Hartanto
International Journal of Health and Pharmaceutical (IJHP) Vol. 5 No. 4 (2025): November 2025
Publisher : CV. Inara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51601/ijhp.v5i4.472

Abstract

Kabuto is a traditional cassava-roots-based food of Munanese which is resulted from natural fermentation. The natural fermentation is conducted by covering all surfaces of cassava roots with fungal colonies. This experiment aims to study the cassava root fermentation by Aspergillus spp. in order to enhance the nutritive value, especially its impact on cyanide level. Both pure samples and replicated samples of cassava roots were fermented by Aspergillus spp. in a solid-state fermentation medium for six days and with a dryness level of ± 28°C. The products were analyzed to know the water content (%), the total amount of protein (mg), and cyanide detoxification (µg.g-1). Isolate K03, K23, K1c, and K31 were positively impeding activities of antimicrobials and hydrolytic enzymes (amylase and cellulase). The isolates, K03, K23, K1c, and K31 positively impeded the growth of Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 and Escherichia coli ATCC 35218. Based on the phenotypic characteristics, the isolate K03, K23, dan K1c, had similarity with Aspergillus niger, while isolate K31 had a similar microscopic and macroscopical features of Aspergillus terreus. The water content of Kabuto decreased starting on the fourth day. The isolate K03, K23, K31, and K1C preserved the water content in kabuto at 7.1%, 6.74%, 8.69%, and 7.07% respectively. The highest protein content was observed from the fermentation by Aspergillus terreus K31 (346 mg) and was able to reduce the cyanide concentration until 0.48 µg.g-1. The optimum fermentation in the preparation of kabuto was achieved at sixth day.
Bioinsecticidal Activity of Cerbera odollam Gaertn. Leaf Extract Against Thrips parvispinus Karny on Cayenne Pepper (Capsicum frutescens L.) Sri Ambardini; Eva Indraswari; Jendri Mamangkey; La Ode Adi Parman Rudia
International Journal of Science and Environment (IJSE) Vol. 6 No. 2 (2026): May 2026
Publisher : CV. Inara in Colaboration with www.stie-sampit.ac.id

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51601/ijse.v6i2.611

Abstract

The increasing reliance on synthetic insecticides for pest management has raised concerns regarding environmental contamination, pest resistance, and adverse effects on non-target organisms. Consequently, the development of environmentally friendly alternatives such as botanical insecticides has gained considerable attention. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of Cerbera odollam Gaertn. leaf extract against Thrips parvispinus Karny and to determine the lethal concentration required to kill 50% of the test population (LC₅₀) within 96 h of exposure. The experiment was conducted from August to October 2021 at the Biology Laboratory and Greenhouse, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Halu Oleo University, Indonesia. A Completely Randomized Design (CRD) was employed consisting of four extract concentrations, namely 1.0%, 1.5%, 2.0%, and 2.5%, along with a positive control (Regent 50 SC) and a negative control (distilled water). The extract was applied by spraying onto cayenne pepper plants infested with T. parvispinus, and observations were carried out for seven consecutive days. Mortality percentage, mortality rate, and LC₅₀ values were evaluated. The results demonstrated that C. odollam leaf extract significantly increased thrips mortality. The highest efficacy was observed at a concentration of 2.5%, resulting in 100% mortality and a mortality rate of 0.55 individuals per 24 h, which was statistically comparable to the positive control treatment. Probit analysis revealed an LC₅₀ value of 2.07% after 96 h of exposure. These findings indicate that C. odollam leaf extract possesses considerable potential as an environmentally sustainable botanical insecticide for controlling T. parvispinus populations in cayenne pepper cultivation.
Co-Authors Adrian Hartanto Christina Aryanti Pada Soa Christyani Dian Winarty Budadana Eva Indraswari La Ode Adi Parman Rudia La Ode Adi Parman Rudia La Ode Muhamad Iman Sulaiman Nur Arfa Yanti Sri Ambardini