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All Journal Journal of Multidisciplinary Science: MIKAILALSYS Mikailalsys Journal of Advanced Engineering International
Auwal Abdullahi
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Computer Science & IT Electrical & Electronics Engineering Engineering Environmental Science Mechanical Engineering Physics Social Sciences Other

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Mathematical Modeling of Typhoid Fever Transmission Dynamics: A Sensitivity Analysis and Implications for Public Health Strategies Hassan Muhammad; Auwal Abdullahi
Mikailalsys Journal of Advanced Engineering International Vol 3 No 2 (2026): Mikailalsys Journal of Advanced Engineering International
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/mjaei.v3i2.9377

Abstract

Typhoid fever remains an important public health concern, requiring robust analytical approaches to understand its transmission dynamics and support effective prevention and control strategies. This study develops a comprehensive mathematical model of typhoid fever transmission to examine the interactions among factors influencing disease spread and to provide evidence for improved control and eradication strategies. The model incorporates population replenishment through births and was validated using existing data to assess its ability to represent disease dynamics. Mathematical analysis was conducted to determine equilibrium states and the basic reproduction number, (R0), while sensitivity analysis was performed to identify parameters with substantial influence on typhoid transmission. Numerical solutions were obtained using the fourth-order Runge–Kutta method over a 40-year simulation period and implemented in MATLAB. The findings show that (R0) is a critical threshold governing the dynamics of typhoid fever. When (R0<1), the disease-free equilibrium is locally stable, indicating that disease transmission will eventually decline; conversely, when (R0>1), an endemic equilibrium exists, indicating the persistence of the disease within the population. Sensitivity analysis further demonstrates the relative influence of model parameters on disease transmission, providing insights into factors that may be prioritized in control interventions. These findings demonstrate the utility of mathematical modeling for understanding typhoid fever transmission and evaluating disease-control strategies. The study contributes a quantitative framework that can support policymakers and healthcare professionals in designing evidence-based interventions aimed at reducing typhoid transmission, strengthening prevention efforts, and improving public health outcomes.
Mathematical Analysis of Cholera Transmission Incorporating Media Coverage Hassan Muhammad; Auwal Abdullahi
Journal of Multidisciplinary Science: MIKAILALSYS Vol 4 No 3 (2026): Journal of Multidisciplinary Science: MIKAILALSYS
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/mikailalsys.v4i3.9373

Abstract

Cholera is an acute gastrointestinal disease caused by the bacterium Vibrio cholerae and is primarily transmitted through the consumption of food or water contaminated with fecal matter from infected individuals. Given its rapid transmission, widespread occurrence, and potentially fatal consequences, effective prevention and control require integrated interventions, including vaccination, water chlorination, and appropriate treatment. This study aims to develop and analyze a mathematical model of cholera transmission that incorporates the effect of media coverage on disease dynamics. The model was formulated using a system of differential equations, and its stability properties were examined by deriving the basic reproduction number, (R0), through the next-generation matrix method. Numerical simulations were subsequently conducted to assess the influence of media awareness on cholera transmission. The findings indicate that increased media awareness substantially reduces the number of cholera cases, demonstrating the important role of public health communication in limiting disease spread. These results suggest that integrating media campaigns with established cholera prevention and control measures can strengthen efforts to reduce outbreaks. This study contributes a mathematical framework for understanding the role of media coverage in cholera transmission dynamics and provides practical insights for incorporating public health communication into disease-control strategies.
Co-Authors Hassan Muhammad