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All Journal Applied Science and Technology Research Journal
Marti Widya Sari
Department of Informatics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas PGRI Yogyakarta
Computer Science & IT Control & Systems Engineering Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Electrical & Electronics Engineering Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering

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IoT-Based Smart Farming System Design for Greenhouse Monitoring in Urban Areas Marti Widya Sari; Erika Amalia; Prahenusa Wahyu Ciptadi; R. Hafid Hardyanto; Banu Santoso
APPLIED SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY REASERCH JOURNAL Vol. 5 No. 1 (2026): Applied Science and Technology Research Journal
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian Mayarakat (LPPM) Universitas PGRI Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31316/astro.v4i2.9323

Abstract

The rapid development of urban areas has led to a significant reduction in agricultural land, creating the need for innovative solutions to meet food demands, especially for fresh vegetables. One promising alternative is urban farming supported by the Internet of Things (IoT). This research aims to design and develop an IoT-based smart farming system for monitoring vegetable crops in urban areas with limited land availability. The system uses a NodeMCU ESP32 as the main controller, an SHT20 sensor to measure temperature and humidity, and a pH sensor to monitor the acidity of the nutrient solution. Sensor data are displayed in real time through an LCD and an Android-based application, and are also used to control an automatic fan to maintain optimal environmental conditions. The research method applied is an experimental approach comprising a literature review, system design, hardware and software implementation, and system testing. Based on the research results, the IoT-based smart farming system was successfully developed and can monitor plant environmental conditions and nutrient solutions in real time via an Android application, with data stored in a database and displayed appropriately. The test results indicate that the system helps users manage vegetable cultivation more efficiently. This system is expected to provide an effective, efficient, and sustainable smart farming solution for urban areas with limited land availability.
Applying an IoT Technology in Hydroponic Smart Farming Systems on a Limited Area Dwi Endah Wahyuni; Marti Widya Sari; Prahenusa Wahyu Ciptadi; R. Hafid Hardyanto; Banu Santoso
APPLIED SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY REASERCH JOURNAL Vol. 5 No. 1 (2026): Applied Science and Technology Research Journal
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian Mayarakat (LPPM) Universitas PGRI Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31316/astro.v4i2.9324

Abstract

Population growth continues to drive food demand, while agricultural land becomes increasingly scarce due to urbanization and land conversion. This condition demands agricultural innovations that can increase productivity sustainably in limited land. One emerging solution is the hydroponic system, but managing key parameters such as water temperature, water level, and nutrient content (TDS) is often still done manually, which risks reducing crop quality. This study aims to design and implement an Internet of Things (IoT)-based hydroponic system capable of real-time and remote monitoring. The research method used is an experimental method, including literature review, needs analysis, system design, hardware and software installation, and system testing. The system was developed using an ESP32 microcontroller with a DS18B20 temperature sensor, a JSN SR04T ultrasonic sensor, and a TDS sensor, along with an Android application as the monitoring interface. The design results show that the system can monitor hydroponic conditions in real time, powered by solar panels. This system is expected to improve the efficiency of nutrient management and support the implementation of smart agriculture in limited land.
Developing an IoT-Based Smart Mini Hydroponic Greenhouse Prototype Arya Nanda Eka Putra; Marti Widya Sari; Prahenusa Wahyu Ciptadi; R. Hafid Hardyanto; Banu Santoso
APPLIED SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY REASERCH JOURNAL Vol. 5 No. 1 (2026): Applied Science and Technology Research Journal
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian Mayarakat (LPPM) Universitas PGRI Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31316/astro.v4i2.9325

Abstract

The development of urban agriculture faces challenges related to limited land availability, water scarcity, and inefficient plant management. These conditions encourage the adoption of smart agricultural technologies that operate automatically and efficiently. This study aims to develop an IoT-based smart mini greenhouse prototype suitable for urban environments with limited space. The research method used is an experimental approach focusing on system design and implementation. The system employs an ESP32 microcontroller as the main control unit and is equipped with pH, Electrical Conductivity, and water temperature sensors to monitor the quality of hydroponic nutrient solutions. Sensor data are automatically processed to control circulation pumps and nutrient correction pumps via relay modules, and the data are transmitted to a web-based monitoring system in real time. The test results show that the system can monitor water quality parameters stably and automatically perform irrigation and nutrient correction according to predefined threshold values. The implementation of this system improves the efficiency of water and nutrient management and reduces reliance on manual monitoring. These results indicate that the IoT-based smart mini greenhouse has the potential to serve as a practical and sustainable solution for supporting urban farming in areas with limited land.
Co-Authors Arya Nanda Eka Putra Banu Santoso Dwi Endah Wahyuni Erika Amalia Prahenusa Wahyu Ciptadi R. Hafid Hardyanto