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All Journal International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS)
Abdallah El Ghaly
Beirut Arab University
Control & Systems Engineering Electrical & Electronics Engineering

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Stability analysis of photovoltaic grid-connected power systems employing virtual synchronous generator control Abdallah El Ghaly; Abdullah Hamdan; Mohamad Tarnini
International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS) Vol 17, No 2: June 2026
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijpeds.v17.i2.pp1451-1461

Abstract

The rapid integration of photovoltaic (PV) systems into power networks poses significant challenges to grid stability, including reduced inertia, voltage fluctuations, and limited fault ride-through (FRT) capabilities. This study presents a comparative analysis of two inverter control strategies: the synchronous reference frame (SRF) controller and the virtual synchronous generator (VSG) controller. A high-fidelity MATLAB/Simulink model was developed, incorporating the effects of irradiance and temperature, maximum power point tracking (MPPT), and battery energy storage system (BESS) interaction. Standardized fault scenarios were applied at PV penetration levels ranging from 30% to 150% in accordance with IEEE-1547, IEEE-519, and IEC 61727 requirements. The results show that SRF control achieves superior harmonic suppression, with a total harmonic distortion (THD) consistently below 0.5%, confirming its suitability for strong grids prioritizing power quality. However, its stability deteriorated at higher penetration levels, with the voltage overshoot reaching approximately 16% and recovery times exceeding 3 s. In contrast, the VSG control demonstrates enhanced transient stability and effective FRT performance, with the overshoot limited to ≤5% and recovery achieved within 0.8 s across all operating conditions. The main contribution of this study lies in the direct benchmarking of the SRF and VSG control strategies under identical operating conditions using a unified evaluation framework, including an extended analysis beyond 100% PV penetration. The findings highlight a fundamental trade-off between harmonic performance and transient stability and provide practical guidance for selecting appropriate inverter control strategies for renewable-dominated power systems.
Co-Authors Abdullah Hamdan Mohamad Tarnini